Linux系统配置及服务管理_文件查找

一、文件查找
1.which ：命令查找

[root@localhost ~]# 
[root@localhost ~]# which ls
alias ls='ls --color=auto'
	/usr/bin/ls
[root@localhost ~]# which ll
alias ll='ls -l --color=auto'
	/usr/bin/ls
[root@localhost ~]# which cat
/usr/bin/cat
[root@localhost ~]# which find
/usr/bin/find
[root@localhost ~]# 

2.find: 文件查找，针对文件名
3.locate：文件查找，依赖数据库
*查找任意文件（find命令）
语法：find [path…] [options] [expression] [action]
命令 路径 选项 表达式 动作
1.按文件名字查找

[root@localhost ~]# find /etc -name "hosts"
/etc/hosts
[root@localhost ~]# find /etc -iname "HoSts"
/etc/hosts
[root@localhost ~]# find /etc -name "hos*"
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules/100/hostname
/etc/host.conf
/etc/hosts
/etc/hosts.allow
/etc/hosts.deny
/etc/hostname
[root@localhost ~]# 

-i忽略大小写
2.按文件大小：

[root@localhost ~]# find /etc -size  +5M
/etc/udev/hwdb.bin
[root@localhost ~]# find /etc -size  =5M
find: Invalid argument `=5M' to -size
[root@localhost ~]# 

文件大于5M，用+5M ，小于5M用-5M
3.指定查找的目录深度：

[root@localhost ~]# find / -maxdepth 4 -a -name "ifcfg-en*"
/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens33

[root@localhost ~]# find / -maxdepth 4 -a -name "ifcfg-en*"
/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens33
[root@localhost ~]# find / -maxdepth 3 -a -name "ifcfg-en*"
[root@localhost ~]# find / -maxdepth 3 -a -name "ifcfg-en*"
`
ifcfg-en在第四层目录，在第三层是查不到的
4按文件属主、属组找：

```powershell
[root@localhost ~]#  find      /home     -user       jack
/home/jack
/home/jack/.bash_logout
/home/jack/.bash_profile
/home/jack/.bashrc
/home/jack/1.txt
/home/jack/2.txt
/home/jack/3.txt
/home/jack/4.txt
/home/jack/5.txt
/home/jack/.bash_history
[root@localhost ~]# 

属主

[root@localhost ~]#  find      /home     -user       jack
/home/jack
/home/jack/.bash_logout
/home/jack/.bash_profile
/home/jack/.bashrc
/home/jack/1.txt
/home/jack/2.txt
/home/jack/3.txt
/home/jack/4