java反射技术（复习）学习

java反射技术
可以配置：类的全限定类名、方法、参数，完成对象的初始化还可以反射某些方法。
作用：增强java的可配置性。
首先创建一个类；

public class ReflectServiceImpl {
    public String SayHello(String name){
        System.out.println("hallo"+name);
        return name;
    }
}

创建一个方法获取该类的实例对象；无参的通过class.forName()的方式获取类的实例对象。forName 参数是类的全限定类名，即类的包名加类名

@param      className   the fully qualified name of the desired class.    

public static ReflectServiceImpl getInstanceObject() {
        Object obj = null;
        try {
            obj = Class.forName("JavaDesignModel.ReflectServiceImpl").newInstance();
        } catch (ClassNotFoundException | IllegalAccessException | InstantiationException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
​
        return (ReflectServiceImpl) obj;
    }

public static void main(String[] args) {
    ReflectServiceImpl instanceObject = getInstanceObject();
    System.out.println(instanceObject);
}

结果：
JavaDesignModel.ReflectServiceImpl@14ae5a5

有参数的构造方法:注意这里， 有参数的构造方法一定是public public class

ReflectServiceImpl2  {
    private String name;
​
    //有参的构造方法
    public ReflectServiceImpl2(String name) {
        this.name = name;
        System.out.println(name);
    }
​
    public ReflectServiceImpl2() {
    }
​
    public String SayHello(String name) {
​
        System.out.println("hallo" + name);
        return name;
    }
}
getConstructor 去匹配的是public的类  Member.PUBLIC 如果该方法是私有
的返回NoSuchMethodException
/**
     * Returns a {@code Constructor} object that reflects the specified
     * public constructor of the class represented by this {@code Class}
     * object. The {@code parameterTypes} parameter is an array of
     * {@code Class} objects that identify the constructor's formal
     * parameter types, in declared order.
     *
     * If this {@code Class} object represents an inner class
     * declared in a non-static context, the formal parameter types
     * include the explicit enclosing instance as the first parameter.
     *
     * <p> The constructor to reflect is the public constructor of the class
     * represented by this {@code Class} object whose formal parameter
     * types match those specified by {@code parameterTypes}.
     *
     * @param parameterTypes the parameter array
     * @return the {@code Constructor} object of the public constructor that
     *         matches the specified {@code parameterTypes}
     * @throws NoSuchMethodException if a matching method is not found.
     * @throws SecurityException
     *         If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and
     *         the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
     *         ancestor of the class loader for the current class and
     *         invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
     *         s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
     *         of this class.
     *
     * @since JDK1.1
     */
    @CallerSensitive
    public Constructor<T> getConstructor(Class<?>... parameterTypes)
        throws NoSuchMethodException, SecurityException {
        checkMemberAccess(Member.PUBLIC, Reflection.getCallerClass(), true);
        return getConstructor0(parameterTypes, Member.PUBLIC);
    }   

 private static ReflectServiceImpl2 getInstanceObject() {
        Object obj = null;
        try {
            obj = Class.forName("JavaDesignModel.ReflectServiceImpl2").getConstructor(String.class).newInstance("张三");
        } catch (InstantiationException | InvocationTargetException |
                NoSuchMethodException | IllegalAccessException | ClassNotFoundException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return (ReflectServiceImpl2) obj;
    }
​```

public static void main(String[] args) {
    ReflectServiceImpl2 instanceObject = getInstanceObject();
}

    反射创建无参的对象， 反射调用方法
    public class ReflectServiceImpl4 {
​
    public void SayHello(String name) {
        System.out.println("hallo" + name);
    }
}    public static Object getInstance(){
        Object obj = null;
        try {
            obj = Class.forName("JavaDesignModel.ReflectServiceImpl4").newInstance();
            obj.getClass().getMethod("SayHello",String.class).invoke(obj,"张三");
        }catch (IllegalAccessException | InstantiationException|ClassNotFoundException |
                NoSuchMethodException | InvocationTargetException e ){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return obj;
    }
​
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        System.out.println(getInstance());  //调用方法输出对象
    }