SpringMVC(三) -- HandlerMapping

一.背景介绍

每个HTTP请求都会被HandlerMapping映射到一个独立的HandlerExecutionChain实例中，该实例包含了处理器对象和拦截器对象。

HandlerMapping接口的作用是将HTTP请求映射到相应的处理器对象上，它提供了灵活的映射机制，支持多种URL映射规则和拦截器功能，使得Spring MVC框架能够更好地处理HTTP请求并返回相应的响应。

二.源码分析

HandlerMapping

1.boolean usesPathPatterns()

2.getHandler(HttpServletRequest request)

通过request构建自定义handler对象用HandlerExecutionChain执行链对象进行封装。

public interface HandlerMapping {

	String BEST_MATCHING_HANDLER_ATTRIBUTE = HandlerMapping.class.getName() + ".bestMatchingHandler";

	@Deprecated
	String LOOKUP_PATH = HandlerMapping.class.getName() + ".lookupPath";

	String PATH_WITHIN_HANDLER_MAPPING_ATTRIBUTE = HandlerMapping.class.getName() + ".pathWithinHandlerMapping";

	String BEST_MATCHING_PATTERN_ATTRIBUTE = HandlerMapping.class.getName() + ".bestMatchingPattern";

	String INTROSPECT_TYPE_LEVEL_MAPPING = HandlerMapping.class.getName() + ".introspectTypeLevelMapping";

	String URI_TEMPLATE_VARIABLES_ATTRIBUTE = HandlerMapping.class.getName() + ".uriTemplateVariables";

	String MATRIX_VARIABLES_ATTRIBUTE = HandlerMapping.class.getName() + ".matrixVariables";

	String PRODUCIBLE_MEDIA_TYPES_ATTRIBUTE = HandlerMapping.class.getName() + ".producibleMediaTypes";

	default boolean usesPathPatterns() {
		return false;
	}

	@Nullable
	HandlerExecutionChain getHandler(HttpServletRequest request) throws Exception;

}

继承关系图 

AbstractHandlerMapping

1.getHandlerInternal(HttpServletRequest request)

传入request参数，获取自定义handler处理器。

2.getHandlerExecutionChain(Object handler, HttpServletRequest request)

将自定义handler处理器和拦截器封装到HandlerExecutionChain执行链对象

public abstract class AbstractHandlerMapping extends WebApplicationObjectSupport
		implements HandlerMapping, Ordered, BeanNameAware {

        ................................

    @Override
	@Nullable
	public final HandlerExecutionChain getHandler(HttpServletRequest request) throws Exception {
		Object handler = getHandlerInternal(request);
		if (handler == null) {
			handler = getDefaultHandler();
		}
		if (handler == null) {
			return null;
		}
		// Bean name or resolved handler?
		if (handler instanceof String) {
			String handlerName = (String) handler;
			handler = obtainApplicationContext().getBean(handlerName);
		}

		// Ensure presence of cached lookupPath for interceptors and others
		if (!ServletRequestPathUtils.hasCachedPath(request)) {
			initLookupPath(request);
		}

		HandlerExecutionChain executionChain = getHandlerExecutionChain(handler, request);

		if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
			logger.trace("Mapped to " + handler);
		}
		else if (logger.isDebugEnabled() && !DispatcherType.ASYNC.equals(request.getDispatcherType())) {
			logger.debug("Mapped to " + executionChain.getHandler());
		}

		if (hasCorsConfigurationSource(handler) || CorsUtils.isPreFlightRequest(request)) {
			CorsConfiguration config = getCorsConfiguration(handler, request);
			if (getCorsConfigurationSource() != null) {
				CorsConfiguration globalConfig = getCorsConfigurationSource().getCorsConfiguration(request);
				config = (globalConfig != null ? globalConfig.combine(config) : config);
			}
			if (config != null) {
				config.validateAllowCredentials();
			}
			executionChain = getCorsHandlerExecutionChain(request, executionChain, config);
		}

		return executionChain;
	}

    @Nullable
	protected abstract Object getHandlerInternal(HttpServletRequest request) throws Exception;

    protected HandlerExecutionChain getHandlerExecutionChain(Object handler, HttpServletRequest request) {
		HandlerExecutionChain chain = (handler instanceof HandlerExecutionChain ?
				(HandlerExecutionChain) handler : new HandlerExecutionChain(handler));

		for (HandlerInterceptor interceptor : this.adaptedInterceptors) {
			if (interceptor instanceof MappedInterceptor) {
				MappedInterceptor mappedInterceptor = (MappedInterceptor) interceptor;
				if (mappedInterceptor.matches(request)) {
					chain.addInterceptor(mappedInterceptor.getInterceptor());
				}
			}
			else {
				chain.addInterceptor(interceptor);
			}
		}
		return chain;
	}

    ................................
}

AbstractUrlHandlerMapping

1.在this.handlerMap.get(urlPath)进行Debug，可以看到Controller的url都用ParamterizableViewController来作为handler处理器，至于为什么用ParamterizableViewController，这里就不深究了

2.buildPathExposingHandler 

这里也是将ParamterizableViewController包装到HandlerExecutionChain 进行返回

public abstract class AbstractUrlHandlerMapping extends AbstractHandlerMapping implements MatchableHandlerMapping {

    @Override
	@Nullable
	protected Object getHandlerInternal(HttpServletRequest request) throws Exception {
		String lookupPath = initLookupPath(request);
		Object handler;
		if (usesPathPatterns()) {
			RequestPath path = ServletRequestPathUtils.getParsedRequestPath(request);
			handler = lookupHandler(path, lookupPath, request);
		}
		else {
			handler = lookupHandler(lookupPath, request);
		}
		if (handler == null) {
			    ........................
			}
		}
		return handler;
	}

    @Nullable
	protected Object lookupHandler(
			RequestPath path, String lookupPath, HttpServletRequest request) throws Exception {

		Object handler = getDirectMatch(lookupPath, request);
		if (handler != null) {
			return handler;
		}

		................................
	}
    
    @Nullable
	private Object getDirectMatch(String urlPath, HttpServletRequest request) throws Exception {
		Object handler = this.handlerMap.get(urlPath);
		if (handler != null) {
			// Bean name or resolved handler?
			if (handler instanceof String) {
				String handlerName = (String) handler;
				handler = obtainApplicationContext().getBean(handlerName);
			}
			validateHandler(handler, request);
			return buildPathExposingHandler(handler, urlPath, urlPath, null);
		}
		return null;
	}

    protected Object buildPathExposingHandler(Object rawHandler, String bestMatchingPattern,
			String pathWithinMapping, @Nullable Map<String, String> uriTemplateVariables) {

		HandlerExecutionChain chain = new HandlerExecutionChain(rawHandler);
		chain.addInterceptor(new PathExposingHandlerInterceptor(bestMatchingPattern, pathWithinMapping));
		if (!CollectionUtils.isEmpty(uriTemplateVariables)) {
			chain.addInterceptor(new UriTemplateVariablesHandlerInterceptor(uriTemplateVariables));
		}
		return chain;
	}
}

 三.总结