Codeforces825 E. Minimal Labels（思维，反向建图+拓扑排序）

题意：

解法：

容易想到优先队列拓扑排序.

但是这题需要反向建图+优先队列拓扑排序,原因如下:
正向优先队列拓扑排序每次取当前字典序最小的点,但不一定是全局最小:
例如一个特别大的点指向特别小点,就会导致这个小点更晚出队赋值,最后字典序变大.

因此需要反向建图,优先取字典序大的点构造序列.

code：

#include<bits/stdc++.h>
// #define SYNC_OFF
#define int long long
#define ll long long
#define ull unsigned long long
//fast-coding
#define ST(x) x.begin()
#define ED(x) x.end()
#define RST(x) x.rbegin()
#define RED(x) x.end()
#define CL(x) x.clear();
#define all(a,n) a+1,a+1+n
#define ff(i,n) for(ll i=1;i<=n;i++)
#define rff(i,n) for(ll i=n;i>=1;i--)
#define fff(i,n) for(ll i=0;i<n;i++)
#define rfff(i,n) for(ll i=n-1;i>=0;i--)
#define SC(x) scanf("%s",x)
#define SL(x) strlen(x)
#define pss(a) push_back(a)
#define ps(a) push(a)
#define SZ(x) (int)x.size()
#define pee puts("");
#define eee putchar(' ');
#define re readdd()
#define pr(a) printtt(a)
int readdd(){int x=0,f=1;char c=getchar();//
while(!isdigit(c)&&c!='-')c=getchar();
if(c=='-')f=-1,c=getchar();
while(isdigit(c))x=x*10+c-'0',c=getchar();
return f*x;}
void printtt(int x){if(x<0)putchar('-'),x=-x;//
if(x>=10)printtt(x/10);putchar(x%10+'0');}
int gcd(int a,int b){return b==0?a:gcd(b,a%b);}//
int ppow(int a,int b,int mod){a%=mod;//
int ans=1%mod;while(b){if(b&1)ans=(long long)ans*a%mod;
a=(long long)a*a%mod;b>>=1;}return ans;}
bool addd(int a,int b){return a>b;}
int lowbit(int x){return x&-x;}
const int dx[4]={0,0,1,-1};
const int dy[4]={1,-1,0,0};
bool isdigit(char c){return c>='0'&&c<='9';}
bool Isprime(int x){
    for(int i=2;i*i<=x;i++)if(x%i==0)return 0;
    return 1;
}
void ac(int x){if(x)puts("YES");else puts("NO");}
//short_type 
#define VE vector<int>
#define PI pair<int,int>
//
using namespace std;
// const int mod=998244353;
const int mod=1e9+7;
const int maxm=2e6+5;
vector<int>g[maxm];
int ans[maxm];
int d[maxm];
int n,m;
void topo(){
    priority_queue<int,vector<int>,less<int> >q;
    ff(i,n){
        if(!d[i]){
            q.push(i);
        }
    }
    int now=n;
    while(q.size()){
        int x=q.top();q.pop();
        ans[x]=now--;
        for(int v:g[x]){
            if(--d[v]==0){
                q.push(v);
            }
        }
    }
}
void solve(){
    n=re,m=re;
    ff(i,m){
        int x=re,y=re;
        //反向建图
        g[y].pss(x);
        d[x]++;
    }
    topo();//计算字典序最大的拓扑序
    for(int i=1;i<=n;i++){
        pr(ans[i]);eee;
    }
    pee;
}
void Main(){
    // #define MULTI_CASE
    #ifdef MULTI_CASE
    int T;cin>>T;while(T--)
    #endif
    solve();
}
void Init(){
    #ifdef SYNC_OFF
    ios::sync_with_stdio(0);cin.tie(0);
    #endif
    #ifndef ONLINE_JUDGE
    freopen("../in.txt","r",stdin);
    freopen("../out.txt","w",stdout);
    #endif
}
signed main(){
    Init();
    Main();
    return 0;
}

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