Hibernate 环境搭建和简单入门

Hibernate 环境搭建和简单入门

搭建一个Hibernate框架
1.添加相关依赖
2.初始化配置
3.实体类和映射xml
4.操作

1.添加相关依赖

 <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.hibernate/hibernate-core -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
      <artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
      <version>5.3.7.Final</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/mysql/mysql-connector-java -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>mysql</groupId>
      <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
      <version>5.1.6</version>
    </dependency>

配置文件读取路径

<!-- build 标签 常用于添加插件及编译配置 -->
  <build>
    <!-- 读取配置文件 -->
    <resources>
      <resource>
        <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
      </resource>
      <resource>
        <directory>src/main/java</directory>
        <includes>
          <include>**/*.xml</include>
          <include>**/*.properties</include>
          <include>**/*.tld</include>
        </includes>
        <filtering>false</filtering>
      </resource>
    </resources>
  </build>

2.创建实体类和实体类映射xml

此处实体类和映射xml同包

public class User implements Serializable {
    private Integer id;
    private String name;
    private String pwd;

    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getPwd() {
        return pwd;
    }

    public void setPwd(String pwd) {
        this.pwd = pwd;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "User{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", pwd='" + pwd + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC
        "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
        "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping>
    <!--映射实体类-->
    <class name="实体类包名.User" table="user">
        <id name="id" column="id">
            <generator class="native"/>
        </id>
        <property name="name" column="name" type="java.lang.String"/>
        <property name="pwd" column="pwd" type="java.lang.String"/>
    </class>
</hibernate-mapping>

3.hibernate配置文件–初始化配置

hibernate.cfg.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
        "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
        "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-configuration>
    <session-factory>
        <!--初始化jdbc连接信息-->
        <property name="connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property>
        <property name="connection.url">jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/hibernate5</property>
        <property name="connection.username">root</property>
        <property name="connection.password">root</property>
        <!--hibernate方言-->
        <property name="dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL57Dialect</property>
        <!--数据库表生成方式-->
        <property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</property>
        <!--映射实体类-->
        <mapping resource="实体类映射文件所在包名/User.hbm.xml"/>
    </session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>

4.测试方法

public class HibernateTest {

    @Test
    public void testSave(){
        //注册服务加载配置文件信息
        final StandardServiceRegistry registry=new StandardServiceRegistryBuilder()
                .configure()//默认读取 hibernate.cfg.xml
                .build();

        //通过元信息对象获取Session工厂
        SessionFactory sessionFactory=new MetadataSources(registry)
                .buildMetadata()
                .buildSessionFactory();
        //通过Session工厂获取Session对象
        Session session = sessionFactory.openSession();
        //开启事务
        Transaction tx = session.beginTransaction();
        //保存数据
        User user = new User();
        user.setName("张三");
        user.setPwd("123456");
        session.save(user);
        //提交事务
        tx.commit();
        //关闭连接
        session.close();
        sessionFactory.close();
    }
}

5.执行测试类

​ 结果数据库中新生成一个user表,并存入相应的数据