9.延迟加载

1.class上的延迟加载

我们通过get和load来查询，get默认不使用延迟加载，load使用延迟加载，延迟加载必须在同一个Session范围内

Get方法：

@Test
	public void testQueryWGet(){
		Session session = HibernateUtils.getSession();
		
		try {
			//get方法不使用延迟加载，发出sql的
			User user = (User) session.get(User.class, "1");
			System.out.println(user.getUname());
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}finally{
			HibernateUtils.closeResource(session);
		}
}

Load方法：

@Test
	public void testQueryWLoad(){
		Session session = HibernateUtils.getSession();
		
		try {
			//load方法默认使用延迟加载，不发出sql的
			User user = (User) session.load(User.class, "1");
			//使用到对象的成员时来发出sql
			System.out.println(user.getUname());
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}finally{
			HibernateUtils.closeResource(session);
		}
	}

延迟加载必须在同一个Session内

/**
	 * 类上的延迟加载要在同一个Session之内
	 */
	@Test
	public void testQueryWLoad1(){
		Session session = HibernateUtils.getSession();
		User user = null;
		try {
			//load方法默认使用延迟加载，不发出sql的
			user = (User) session.load(User.class, "1");
			
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}finally{
			HibernateUtils.closeResource(session);
		}
		//Session关闭了就不会有延迟加载，不发sql
		System.out.println(user.getUname());
	}

lazy：类上延迟加载的开关。当前类是否使用延迟加载，默认是true使用，false不使用
 

<!-- 
		lazy：当前类是否使用延迟加载，默认是true使用，false不使用
	 -->
	<class name="User" table="t_user" lazy="false">
		<!-- id
			是主键映射配置
		 -->
		<id name="userId" column="user_id">

2.集合的延迟加载

集合的延迟加载是在一对多和多对多

默认情况集合是有延迟加载的

@Test
	public void testQuery(){
		Session session = HibernateUtils.getSession();
		
		try {
			Team team = (Team) session.load(Team.class, 1);
			//发出查询team的sql
			System.out.println(team);
			Set<Emp> emps = team.getSet();
			//发出根据t_id查询员工的sql
			System.out.println(emps);
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}finally{
			HibernateUtils.closeResource(session);
		}
	}

输出

 

Hibernate: select team0_.t_id as t_id1_1_0_, team0_.t_name as t_name2_1_0_, team0_.loc as loc3_1_0_ from t_team team0_ where team0_.t_id=? Team [tId=1, tName=公牛队, loc=芝加哥] Hibernate: select set0_.t_id as t_id6_1_0_, set0_.emp_no as emp_no1_0_0_, set0_.emp_no as emp_no1_0_1_, set0_.ename as ename2_0_1_, set0_.birthday as birthday3_0_1_, set0_.gender as gender4_0_1_, set0_.address as address5_0_1_, set0_.t_id as t_id6_0_1_ from t_emp set0_ where set0_.t_id=? [Emp [empNo=1, ename=乔丹, birthday=2015-09-16 15:01:36.0, gender=1, address=芝加哥], Emp [empNo=2, ename=菲尔, birthday=2015-09-16 15:01:36.0, gender=1, address=芝加哥]]

如果set上的lazy=false，没有延迟加载效果。

输出：

Hibernate: select team0_.t_id as t_id1_1_0_, team0_.t_name as t_name2_1_0_, team0_.loc as loc3_1_0_ from t_team team0_ where team0_.t_id=? Hibernate: select set0_.t_id as t_id6_1_0_, set0_.emp_no as emp_no1_0_0_, set0_.emp_no as emp_no1_0_1_, set0_.ename as ename2_0_1_, set0_.birthday as birthday3_0_1_, set0_.gender as gender4_0_1_, set0_.address as address5_0_1_, set0_.t_id as t_id6_0_1_ from t_emp set0_ where set0_.t_id=? Team [tId=1, tName=公牛队, loc=芝加哥] [Emp [empNo=2, ename=菲尔, birthday=2015-09-16 15:01:36.0, gender=1, address=芝加哥], Emp [empNo=1, ename=乔丹, birthday=2015-09-16 15:01:36.0, gender=1, address=芝加哥]]

当lazy=true的时候，如果查询集合的数量时，效率低下。我们需要把lazy=extra，效率比较高

/**
	 * lazy=extra
	 */
	@Test
	public void testQuery2(){
		Session session = HibernateUtils.getSession();
		
		try {
			Team team = (Team) session.load(Team.class, 1);
			//发出查询team的sql
			System.out.println(team);
			Set<Emp> emps = team.getSet();
			//发出一条智能高效的sql
			System.out.println(emps.size());
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}finally{
			HibernateUtils.closeResource(session);
		}
	}

 

输出：

Hibernate: select team0_.t_id as t_id1_1_0_, team0_.t_name as t_name2_1_0_, team0_.loc as loc3_1_0_ from t_team team0_ where team0_.t_id=? Team [tId=1, tName=公牛队, loc=芝加哥] Hibernate: select count(emp_no) from t_emp where t_id =? 2

注意：集合的延迟加载效果不受类上的延迟加载影响。

3.单端延迟加载

针对多对一和一对一的延迟加载

默认情况lazy=proxy使用延迟加载

/**
	 * 默认情况many-to-one=proxy
	 */
	@Test
	public void testQuery(){
		Session session = HibernateUtils.getSession();
		try {
			//不发sql
			Emp emp = (Emp) session.load(Emp.class, 1);
			//发出一条根据emp_no查询员工的sql
			System.out.println(emp);
			//不发
			Team team = emp.getTeam();
			//发出一条根据t_id查询球队的sql
			System.out.println(team);
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}finally{
			HibernateUtils.closeResource(session);
		}
	}

 

输出：

Hibernate: select emp0_.emp_no as emp_no1_0_0_, emp0_.ename as ename2_0_0_, emp0_.birthday as birthday3_0_0_, emp0_.gender as gender4_0_0_, emp0_.address as address5_0_0_, emp0_.t_id as t_id6_0_0_ from t_emp emp0_ where emp0_.emp_no=? Emp [empNo=1, ename=乔丹, birthday=2015-09-16 16:05:14.0, gender=1, address=芝加哥] Hibernate: select team0_.t_id as t_id1_1_0_, team0_.t_name as t_name2_1_0_, team0_.loc as loc3_1_0_ from t_team team0_ where team0_.t_id=? Team [tId=1, tName=公牛队, loc=芝加哥]

Lazy=false

/**
	 * lazy=false
	 */
	@Test
	public void testQuery1(){
		Session session = HibernateUtils.getSession();
		try {
			//不发sql
			Emp emp = (Emp) session.load(Emp.class, 1);
			//发出一条根据emp_no查询员工的sql，发出一条根据t_id查询球队的sql
			System.out.println(emp);
			//不发
			Team team = emp.getTeam();
			//不发
			System.out.println(team);
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}finally{
			HibernateUtils.closeResource(session);
		}
	}

 

输出：

Hibernate: select emp0_.emp_no as emp_no1_0_0_, emp0_.ename as ename2_0_0_, emp0_.birthday as birthday3_0_0_, emp0_.gender as gender4_0_0_, emp0_.address as address5_0_0_, emp0_.t_id as t_id6_0_0_ from t_emp emp0_ where emp0_.emp_no=? Hibernate: select team0_.t_id as t_id1_1_0_, team0_.t_name as t_name2_1_0_, team0_.loc as loc3_1_0_ from t_team team0_ where team0_.t_id=? Emp [empNo=1, ename=乔丹, birthday=2015-09-16 16:05:14.0, gender=1, address=芝加哥] Team [tId=1, tName=公牛队, loc=芝加哥]

 如果Team类的延迟加载被禁用，many-to-one lazy=proxy

/**
	 * 如果Team类的延迟加载被禁用，many-to-one lazy=proxy
	 */
	@Test
	public void testQuery2(){
		Session session = HibernateUtils.getSession();
		try {
			//不发sql
			Emp emp = (Emp) session.load(Emp.class, 1);
			//发出一条根据emp_no查询员工和球队的连接查询的sql
			System.out.println(emp);
			//不发
			Team team = emp.getTeam();
			//不发
			System.out.println(team.gettName());
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}finally{
			HibernateUtils.closeResource(session);
		}
	}

输出

Hibernate: select emp0_.emp_no as emp_no1_0_0_, emp0_.ename as ename2_0_0_, emp0_.birthday as birthday3_0_0_, emp0_.gender as gender4_0_0_, emp0_.address as address5_0_0_, emp0_.t_id as t_id6_0_0_, team1_.t_id as t_id1_1_1_, team1_.t_name as t_name2_1_1_, team1_.loc as loc3_1_1_ from t_emp emp0_ left outer join t_team team1_ on emp0_.t_id=team1_.t_id where emp0_.emp_no=? Emp [empNo=1, ename=乔丹, birthday=2015-09-16 16:05:14.0, gender=1, address=芝加哥] 公牛队