服务消费者(Feign)
一、Feign简介
Feign是一个声明式的伪Http客户端,它使得写Http客户端变得更简单。使用Feign,只需要创建一个接口并注解。它具有可插拔的注解特性,可使用Feign 注解和JAX-RS注解。Feign支持可插拔的编码器和解码器。Feign默认集成了Ribbon,并和Eureka结合,默认实现了负载均衡的效果。
简而言之:
- Feign 采用的是基于接口的注解
- Feign 整合了ribbon,具有负载均衡的能力
- 整合了Hystrix,具有熔断的能力
二、准备
继续用上一节的工程, 启动eureka-server,端口为1210; 启动service-hi 两次,端口分别为1211 、1212
三、创建一个feign的服务
1、首先创建一个子工程命名为service-feign,如何创建请参考前几节文章。
2、开始配置pom.xml,所需要的依赖有,spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client,spring-cloud-starter-openfeign,spring-boot-starter-web。这三个包,分别是springcloud客户端,feign的依赖包,和web起步的依赖包。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<parent>
<artifactId>EurekaProject</artifactId>
<groupId>com.jiawen</groupId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<artifactId>EurekaFeign</artifactId>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
3、定义Application启动类,和配置Application.yml文件。
EurekaFeignApplicatio.java
package com.jiawen;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient;
@EnableEurekaClient
@SpringBootApplication
public class EurekaFeignApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(EurekaFeignApplication.class,args);
}
}
application.yml
server:
port: 1214
spring:
application:
name: service-feign
eureka:
client:
serviceUrl:
defaultZone: http://localhost:1210/eureka/
service类SchedualServiceHi.java
package com.jiawen.service;
import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.FeignClient;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
@FeignClient(value = "service-hi")
public interface SchedualServiceHi {
@RequestMapping(value = "/hi" , method = RequestMethod.GET)
public String SayHi(@RequestParam (value = "name") String name);
}
创建Controller类FeignController.java
package com.jiawen.comtroller;
import com.jiawen.service.SchedualServiceHi;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
@RestController
public class FeignController {
@Autowired
private SchedualServiceHi schedualServiceHi;
@RequestMapping(value = "/hi",method = RequestMethod.GET)
public String SayHi(@RequestParam(value = "name") String name){
return schedualServiceHi.SayHi(name);
}
}
四、验证
启动EurekaServer和两个EurekaClient,最后启动一下本次写的子工程。
进入Eureka服务主页:http://localhost:1210/
再访问:http://localhost:1214/hi?name=nihao
调用后台的service-hi交替执行。
到这里就结束了。