1. 环境搭建
1.1 jar
struts.xml(核心配置文件)
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.struts</groupId>
<artifactId>struts2-core</artifactId>
<version>2.5.13</version>
</dependency>
配置文件加入之前的xml文件
1.2 struts.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.5//EN"
"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.5.dtd">
<struts>
<include file="struts-default.xml"></include>
<!-- 配置struts全局配置 -->
<include file="struts-base.xml"></include>
<!-- 将系统开发的每个模块分门别类,便于模块的action寻找 -->
<include file="struts-sy.xml"></include>
</struts>
动态方法调用;
jsp传值到后台的三种方式
后台传值到jsp的方式(struts与tomcat的集成)
2.1 Action
2.1.1 不需要指定父类(ActionSupport)
2.1.2 业务方法的定义
public String xxx();//execute
2.1.3 Action是多例模式(注:在spring中的配置中一定要注意)
Action用来接收参数
2.2 参数赋值
2.2.1 Action中定义属性,并提供get/set方法
userName, getUserName/setUserName
2.2.2 ModelDriven
返回实体,不能为null,不需要提供get/set方法
2.2.3 ModelDriven
返回实体和Action中属性重名,ModelDriven中优先级更高
2.3 与J2EE容器交互
2.3.1 非注入
2.3.1.2 耦合
ServletActionContext
2.3.1.2 解耦(建立使用解耦模式)
ActionContext
2.3.2 注入
2.3.2.1 耦合
2.3.2.2 解耦
3. 核心文件配置
3.1 include 包含文件file
3.2 package 包
name 包名
extends 继承
namespace 虚拟路径
abstract 通常用来被继承
3.3 action 子控制器
class 全限定名
method:execute,{1}
注1:动态方法调用,新版本中已禁用,可自行开启或关闭
package com.pyc.first;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
public class UserAction extends ActionSupport{
public String list() {
System.out.println("查询所有"+SUCCESS);
return SUCCESS;
}
public String Add() {
System.out.println("增加");
return SUCCESS;
}
public String del() {
System.out.println("删除");
return SUCCESS;
}
public String edit() {
System.out.println("修改");
return SUCCESS;
}
}
ActionSupport有默认的值可以继承过来(SUCCESS)(但不咋用)
找到struts准备和处理的过滤器(核心配置的类)
ctrl+alt+t在里面搜索StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter
右键copy qualified name把路径得到
org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter
## 1.2 web.xml
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
version="3.1">
<display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
<filter>
<!-- ctrl+shift+t -->
<filter-name>struts</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter </filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>struts</filter-name>
<url-pattern>*.action</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
</web-app>
test.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"
pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
动态调用成功
</body>
</html>
页面结果:
jsp传参到后台有三种方式
package com.pyc.first.entity;
public class User {
private String uname;
private String upwd;
public User(String uname, String upwd) {
super();
this.uname = uname;
this.upwd = upwd;
}
public User() {
super();
}
public String getUname() {
return uname;
}
public void setUname(String uname) {
this.uname = uname;
}
public String getUpwd() {
return upwd;
}
public void setUpwd(String upwd) {
this.upwd = upwd;
}
public String toString() {
return "User [uname=" + uname + ", upwd=" + upwd + "]";
}
}
DemoAction
package com.pyc.first;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ModelDriven;
import com.pyc.first.entity.User;
/**
* jsp传递参数到后台的三种方式:
* 1.set传参
* 2.实现modeldriven接口传参(自定义mvc的做法)
* 3.类实例,属性传参
* @author 96345
*
*/
public class DemoAction implements ModelDriven<User>{
private String sex;
private User user1=new User();
private User user2;
public String getSex() {
return sex;
}
public void setSex(String sex) {
this.sex = sex;
}
public User getUser2() {
return user2;
}
public void setUser2(User user2) {
this.user2 = user2;
}
//来查看是否能够接受到参数
/**
* set传参是否成功
* @return
*/
public String test1() {
System.out.println(sex);
return "rs";
}
/**
* modeldriven接口传参是否成功
* @return
*/
public String test2() {
System.out.println(user1);
return "rs";
}
public String test3() {
System.out.println(user2);
return "rs";
}
/**
* 类实例是否成功
*/
@Override
public User getModel() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return user1;
}
}
struts-sy.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.5//EN"
"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.5.dtd">
<struts>
<!--
相对mvc的差异性
package:用来将一类子控制器进行分类
http://localhost:8080/my_struts/sy/user_add.action
中/sy对应的namespace="/sy"
extends:包的继承
*的含义:
*代表任意方法,只要前台浏览器匹配/user_*这一格式,那么user_add中,*代表了add
-->
<package name="sy" extends="base" namespace="/sy">
<action name="/user_*" class="com.pyc.first.UserAction" method="{1}">
<result name="success">/test.jsp</result>
</action>
<action name="demo_*" class="com.pyc.first.DemoAction" method="{1}">
<result name="rs">/rs.jsp</result>
</action>
<action name="tomcat_*" class="com.pyc.first.TomcatAction" method="{1}">
<result name="rs">/rs.jsp</result>
</action>
</package>
</struts>
demo1.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"
pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<h3>讲解传参的三种方式</h3>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/sy/demo_test1.action?sex=nv">测试1</a>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/sy/demo_test2.action?uname=zs&&upwd=123">测试2</a>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/sy/demo_test3.action?user2.uname=ls&&user2.upwd=1234">测试3</a>
</body>
</html>
TomcatAction
package com.pyc.first;
import java.util.Map;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.apache.struts2.ServletActionContext;
import org.apache.struts2.interceptor.RequestAware;
import org.apache.struts2.interceptor.ServletRequestAware;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionContext;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ModelDriven;
import com.pyc.first.entity.User;
/**
* 讲解struts与tomcat容器交(互将后台数据传到jsp)
* 1.注入
* 耦合 使用
* 解耦
* 2.非注入
* 耦合 使用
* 解耦
* @author 96345
*
*/
public class TomcatAction implements ModelDriven<User>,ServletRequestAware{
private String sex;
private User user1 = new User();
private User user2;
private HttpServletRequest request;
public String getSex() {
return sex;
}
public void setSex(String sex) {
this.sex = sex;
}
public User getUser2() {
return user2;
}
public void setUser2(User user2) {
this.user2 = user2;
}
/**
* mvc:
* HttpServletRequest req,HttpServletResponse resp
* @return
*/
public String demo() {
// HttpServletRequest request = ServletActionContext.getRequest();
request.setAttribute("rs", "测试非注入耦合方式");
// request.setAttribute("rs", "测试注入耦合方式");
// ActionContext context= ActionContext.getContext();
// HttpServletRequest request = (HttpServletRequest) context.get("request的全路径名");
return "rs";
}
public User getModel() {
return user1;
}
public void setServletRequest(HttpServletRequest request) {
this.request=request;
}
public void setRequest(Map<String, Object> request) {
this.request = (HttpServletRequest) request.get("request的全路径名");
}
}
解耦为何没人用
非注入的耦合方式
实现RequestAware需要重写setRequest 一样需要写全路径名
package com.pyc.first;
import java.util.Map;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.apache.struts2.ServletActionContext;
import org.apache.struts2.interceptor.RequestAware;
import org.apache.struts2.interceptor.ServletRequestAware;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionContext;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ModelDriven;
import com.pyc.first.entity.User;
/**
* 讲解struts与tomcat容器交(互将后台数据传到jsp)
* 1.注入
* 耦合 使用
* 解耦
* 2.非注入
* 耦合 使用
* 解耦
* @author 96345
*
*/
public class TomcatAction implements ModelDriven<User>,ServletRequestAware{
private String sex;
private User user1 = new User();
private User user2;
private HttpServletRequest request;
public String getSex() {
return sex;
}
public void setSex(String sex) {
this.sex = sex;
}
public User getUser2() {
return user2;
}
public void setUser2(User user2) {
this.user2 = user2;
}
/**
* mvc:
* HttpServletRequest req,HttpServletResponse resp
* @return
*/
public String demo() {
// HttpServletRequest request = ServletActionContext.getRequest();
// request.setAttribute("rs", "测试非注入耦合方式");
// request.setAttribute("rs", "测试注入耦合方式");
// ActionContext context= ActionContext.getContext();
// HttpServletRequest request = (HttpServletRequest) context.get("request的全路径名");
return "rs";
}
public User getModel() {
return user1;
}
public void setServletRequest(HttpServletRequest request) {
this.request=request;
}
public void setRequest(Map<String, Object> request) {
this.request = (HttpServletRequest) request.get("request的全路径名");
}
}
rs.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"
pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
成功跳转页面:${rs }
sex=${sex}
user1=${user1}
user2=${user2}
</body>
demo1
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"
pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<h3>讲解传参的三种方式</h3>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/sy/demo_test1.action?sex=nv">测试1</a>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/sy/demo_test2.action?uname=zs&&upwd=123">测试2</a>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/sy/demo_test3.action?user2.uname=ls&&user2.upwd=1234">测试3</a>
<h3>讲解struts与tomcat容器交互</h3>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/sy/tomcat_demo.action">测试4</a>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/sy/tomcat_demo.action?sex=nan">测试5</a>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/sy/tomcat_demo.action?uname=zs&&upwd=123">测试6</a>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/sy/tomcat_demo.action?user2.uname=ls&&user2.upwd=1234">测试7</a>
</body>
</html>
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