Struts2入门

Sirm3998

于 2019-08-22 16:37:42 发布

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文章标签： Struts2

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_44222931/article/details/100018538

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1. 环境搭建

1.1 jar

  struts.xml(核心配置文件)

	  <dependency>
			<groupId>org.apache.struts</groupId>
			<artifactId>struts2-core</artifactId>
			<version>2.5.13</version>
		</dependency>

配置文件加入之前的xml文件

在这里插入图片描述

1.2 struts.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
   "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.5//EN"
   "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.5.dtd">
<struts>
   <include file="struts-default.xml"></include>
   <!--  配置struts全局配置 -->
   <include file="struts-base.xml"></include>
   <!--  将系统开发的每个模块分门别类，便于模块的action寻找 -->
   <include file="struts-sy.xml"></include>
</struts>

动态方法调用；
jsp传值到后台的三种方式
后台传值到jsp的方式（struts与tomcat的集成）

2.1 Action

2.1.1 不需要指定父类(ActionSupport)

2.1.2 业务方法的定义

public String xxx();//execute

2.1.3 Action是多例模式(注：在spring中的配置中一定要注意)

Action用来接收参数

2.2 参数赋值

2.2.1 Action中定义属性，并提供get/set方法

userName, getUserName/setUserName

2.2.2 ModelDriven

返回实体，不能为null，不需要提供get/set方法

2.2.3 ModelDriven

返回实体和Action中属性重名，ModelDriven中优先级更高

2.3 与J2EE容器交互

2.3.1 非注入
2.3.1.2 耦合
ServletActionContext
2.3.1.2 解耦(建立使用解耦模式)
ActionContext

2.3.2 注入

2.3.2.1 耦合
2.3.2.2 解耦

3. 核心文件配置

3.1 include 包含文件file

3.2 package 包

  name		包名
  extends	继承
  namespace 虚拟路径
  abstract	通常用来被继承

3.3 action 子控制器

    class	全限定名
    method：execute,{1}

  注1：动态方法调用，新版本中已禁用，可自行开启或关闭

    package com.pyc.first;

import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;

public class UserAction extends ActionSupport{
 public String list() {
     System.out.println("查询所有"+SUCCESS);
     return SUCCESS;
 }
 public String Add() {
     System.out.println("增加");
     return SUCCESS;
 }
 public String del() {
     System.out.println("删除");
     return SUCCESS;
 }
 public String edit() {
     System.out.println("修改");
     return SUCCESS;
 }
}

ActionSupport有默认的值可以继承过来(SUCCESS)（但不咋用）
找到struts准备和处理的过滤器（核心配置的类）
在这里插入图片描述
ctrl+alt+t在里面搜索StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter
右键copy qualified name把路径得到
org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter
## 1.2 web.xml

<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
         version="3.1">
  <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
  <filter>
  <!-- ctrl+shift+t -->
    <filter-name>struts</filter-name>
    <filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter </filter-class>
  </filter>
  <filter-mapping>
     <filter-name>struts</filter-name>
     <url-pattern>*.action</url-pattern>
  </filter-mapping>
</web-app>

test.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"
    pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
动态调用成功
</body>
</html>

页面结果：
在这里插入图片描述
jsp传参到后台有三种方式

package com.pyc.first.entity;

public class User {
	private String uname;
	  private String upwd;
	public User(String uname, String upwd) {
		super();
		this.uname = uname;
		this.upwd = upwd;
	}
	public User() {
		super();
	}
	public String getUname() {
		return uname;
	}
	public void setUname(String uname) {
		this.uname = uname;
	}
	public String getUpwd() {
		return upwd;
	}
	public void setUpwd(String upwd) {
		this.upwd = upwd;
	}
	public String toString() {
		return "User [uname=" + uname + ", upwd=" + upwd + "]";
	}
	  
 
}

DemoAction

package com.pyc.first;

import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ModelDriven;
import com.pyc.first.entity.User;

/**
 * jsp传递参数到后台的三种方式:
 * 1.set传参
 * 2.实现modeldriven接口传参（自定义mvc的做法）
 * 3.类实例，属性传参
 * @author 96345
 *
 */
public class DemoAction implements ModelDriven<User>{
   private String sex;
   private User user1=new User();
   private User user2; 
   public String getSex() {
	return sex;
}
public void setSex(String sex) {
	this.sex = sex;
}
public User getUser2() {
	return user2;
}
public void setUser2(User user2) {
	this.user2 = user2;
}
	//来查看是否能够接受到参数
    /**
     * set传参是否成功
     * @return
     */
    public String test1() {
    	System.out.println(sex);
    	return "rs";
    	
    }
    /**
     * modeldriven接口传参是否成功
     * @return
     */
    public String test2() {
    	System.out.println(user1);
    	return "rs";
    }
    public String test3() {
    	System.out.println(user2);
    	return "rs";
    }
    /**
     * 类实例是否成功
     */
	@Override
	public User getModel() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return user1;
	}

}

struts-sy.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
	"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.5//EN"
	"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.5.dtd">
<struts>
<!-- 
     相对mvc的差异性
  package:用来将一类子控制器进行分类
  http://localhost:8080/my_struts/sy/user_add.action
     中/sy对应的namespace="/sy"
  extends:包的继承
  
  *的含义：
    *代表任意方法，只要前台浏览器匹配/user_*这一格式，那么user_add中，*代表了add
 -->
	<package name="sy" extends="base" namespace="/sy">
	   <action name="/user_*" class="com.pyc.first.UserAction" method="{1}">
	     <result name="success">/test.jsp</result>
	   </action>
	   
	   <action name="demo_*" class="com.pyc.first.DemoAction" method="{1}">
	     <result name="rs">/rs.jsp</result>
	   </action>
	   <action name="tomcat_*" class="com.pyc.first.TomcatAction" method="{1}">
	     <result name="rs">/rs.jsp</result>
	   </action>
	   
	</package>
</struts>

demo1.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"
    pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<h3>讲解传参的三种方式</h3>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/sy/demo_test1.action?sex=nv">测试1</a>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/sy/demo_test2.action?uname=zs&&upwd=123">测试2</a>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/sy/demo_test3.action?user2.uname=ls&&user2.upwd=1234">测试3</a>
</body>
</html>

在这里插入图片描述

TomcatAction

package com.pyc.first;
import java.util.Map;



import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.apache.struts2.ServletActionContext;
import org.apache.struts2.interceptor.RequestAware;
import org.apache.struts2.interceptor.ServletRequestAware;

import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionContext;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ModelDriven;
import com.pyc.first.entity.User;

/**
 * 讲解struts与tomcat容器交(互将后台数据传到jsp)
 *  1.注入
 *   耦合     使用
 *   解耦
 *  2.非注入
 *    耦合   使用
 *    解耦
 * @author 96345
 *
 */
public class TomcatAction implements ModelDriven<User>,ServletRequestAware{

	private String sex;
	private User user1 = new User();
	private User user2;
	private HttpServletRequest request;
	
	public String getSex() {
		return sex;
	}

	public void setSex(String sex) {
		this.sex = sex;
	}

	public User getUser2() {
		return user2;
	}

	public void setUser2(User user2) {
		this.user2 = user2;
	}

	/**
	 * mvc:
	 * HttpServletRequest req,HttpServletResponse resp
	 * @return
	 */
	public String demo() {
//		HttpServletRequest request = ServletActionContext.getRequest();
		request.setAttribute("rs", "测试非注入耦合方式");
		
//		request.setAttribute("rs", "测试注入耦合方式");
		
//		ActionContext context= ActionContext.getContext();
//		HttpServletRequest  request = (HttpServletRequest) context.get("request的全路径名");
	
		return "rs";
	}
	
	public User getModel() {
		return user1;
	}

	public void setServletRequest(HttpServletRequest request) {
		this.request=request;
	}

	public void setRequest(Map<String, Object> request) {
		this.request = (HttpServletRequest) request.get("request的全路径名");
		
	}
}

在这里插入图片描述

在这里插入图片描述
解耦为何没人用

非注入的耦合方式
实现RequestAware需要重写setRequest 一样需要写全路径名

package com.pyc.first;
import java.util.Map;



import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.apache.struts2.ServletActionContext;
import org.apache.struts2.interceptor.RequestAware;
import org.apache.struts2.interceptor.ServletRequestAware;

import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionContext;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ModelDriven;
import com.pyc.first.entity.User;

/**
 * 讲解struts与tomcat容器交(互将后台数据传到jsp)
 *  1.注入
 *   耦合     使用
 *   解耦
 *  2.非注入
 *    耦合   使用
 *    解耦
 * @author 96345
 *
 */
public class TomcatAction implements ModelDriven<User>,ServletRequestAware{

	private String sex;
	private User user1 = new User();
	private User user2;
	private HttpServletRequest request;
	
	public String getSex() {
		return sex;
	}

	public void setSex(String sex) {
		this.sex = sex;
	}

	public User getUser2() {
		return user2;
	}

	public void setUser2(User user2) {
		this.user2 = user2;
	}

	/**
	 * mvc:
	 * HttpServletRequest req,HttpServletResponse resp
	 * @return
	 */
	public String demo() {
//		HttpServletRequest request = ServletActionContext.getRequest();
//		request.setAttribute("rs", "测试非注入耦合方式");
		
//		request.setAttribute("rs", "测试注入耦合方式");
		
//		ActionContext context= ActionContext.getContext();
//		HttpServletRequest  request = (HttpServletRequest) context.get("request的全路径名");
	
		return "rs";
	}
	
	public User getModel() {
		return user1;
	}

	public void setServletRequest(HttpServletRequest request) {
		this.request=request;
	}

	public void setRequest(Map<String, Object> request) {
		this.request = (HttpServletRequest) request.get("request的全路径名");
		
	}
}

rs.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"
    pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
成功跳转页面:${rs }
sex=${sex}
user1=${user1}
user2=${user2}
</body>

demo1

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"
    pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<h3>讲解传参的三种方式</h3>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/sy/demo_test1.action?sex=nv">测试1</a>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/sy/demo_test2.action?uname=zs&&upwd=123">测试2</a>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/sy/demo_test3.action?user2.uname=ls&&user2.upwd=1234">测试3</a>
<h3>讲解struts与tomcat容器交互</h3>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/sy/tomcat_demo.action">测试4</a>
 <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/sy/tomcat_demo.action?sex=nan">测试5</a>
 <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/sy/tomcat_demo.action?uname=zs&&upwd=123">测试6</a> 
 <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/sy/tomcat_demo.action?user2.uname=ls&&user2.upwd=1234">测试7</a> 
 
</body>
</html>

在这里插入图片描述
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Struts2入门

1. 环境搭建1.1 jar struts.xml(核心配置文件) <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.struts</groupId> <artifactId>struts2-core</artifactId> <version>2.5.13</versio...
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