目录
Quartz简介
任务调度框架“Quartz”是OpenSymphony开源组织在Job scheduling领域又一个开源项目,是完全由java开发的一个开源的任务日程管理系统,
“任务进度管理器”就是一个在预先确定(被纳入日程)的时间到达时,负责执行(或者通知)其他软件组件的系统。
简单来说就是实现“计划(或定时)任务”的系统,例如:订单下单后未付款,15分钟后自动撤消订单,并自动解锁锁定的商品
环境搭建
导入pom依赖
<!--导入需要的pom依赖-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.quartz-scheduler</groupId>
<artifactId>quartz-jobs</artifactId>
<version>2.2.1</version>
</dependency>
入门案例
直接上代码:(代码中给了注释)
Demo1
package com.onlyk.quartz01.demo;
import com.onlyk.quartz01.job.ReamJob;
import org.quartz.*;
import org.quartz.impl.StdSchedulerFactory;
import static org.quartz.JobBuilder.newJob;
/**
* @author only老K
* @create 2020-01-03 19:50
* quartz的入门案例
* 讲解quartz定时任务的调用过程
* 4大核心类
* schedulerFactory scheduler jobdetail trigger
*/
public class Demo1 {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
SchedulerFactory schedulerFactory = new StdSchedulerFactory();//创建调度工厂
Scheduler scheduler = schedulerFactory.getScheduler();//获得调度器
JobDetail jobDetail = newJob(ReamJob.class)//放入代码块
.withIdentity("job1", "group1")//唯一标识
.withDescription("这个第一个定时任务案例")//描述
.build();//构建作业类
//构建触发器(存放定时任务规则的)
Trigger trigger=(Trigger) TriggerBuilder.newTrigger()
//定时任务每6秒执行一次。执行3次 Schedule n计划 v安排
.withSchedule(SimpleScheduleBuilder.repeatSecondlyForTotalCount(3,6))
.withIdentity("trigger1","group1")
.withDescription("这个第一个触发器")
.build();
//将四个核心类进行组装 作业类和触发器进行组装
scheduler.scheduleJob(jobDetail,trigger);
//启动定时任务
scheduler.start();
}
}
ReamJob
package com.onlyk.quartz01.job;
import org.quartz.Job;
import org.quartz.JobExecutionContext;
import org.quartz.JobExecutionException;
/**
* @author only老K
* @create 2020-01-03 19:57
*/
public class ReamJob implements Job {//作业类
@Override
public void execute(JobExecutionContext jobExecutionContext) throws JobExecutionException {
System.out.println("这里是定时任务启动就会执行的地方");
}
}
效果图如下:
传递参数
Demo3
package com.onlyk.quartz01.demo;
import com.onlyk.quartz01.job.ReamJob;
import org.quartz.*;
import org.quartz.impl.StdSchedulerFactory;
import static org.quartz.JobBuilder.newJob;
/**
* @author only老K 我为自己代言
* @create 2020-01-04 11:06
* @blogaddress https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_44255950
* Quartz中参数传递
*
*/
public class Demo3 {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
SchedulerFactory schedulerFactory = new StdSchedulerFactory();//创建调度工厂
Scheduler scheduler = schedulerFactory.getScheduler();//获得调度器
JobDetail jobDetail = newJob(ReamJob.class)//放入代码块
.withIdentity("job1", "group1")//唯一标识
.withDescription("这个第一个定时任务传递参数")//描述
.build();//构建作业类
JobDataMap jobDataMap = jobDetail.getJobDataMap();
jobDataMap.put("name","onlyK");
jobDataMap.put("level","最强王者");
jobDataMap.put("job","LOL选手");
//构建触发器(存放定时任务规则的)
Trigger trigger=(Trigger) TriggerBuilder.newTrigger()
//定时任务每6秒执行一次
.withSchedule(CronScheduleBuilder.cronSchedule("0/6 * * * * ?"))
.withIdentity("trigger2","group1")
.withDescription("这个第一个触发器")
.build();
//将四个核心类进行组装 作业类和触发器进行组装
scheduler.scheduleJob(jobDetail,trigger);
//启动定时任务
scheduler.start();
}
}
ReamJob
package com.onlyk.quartz01.job;
import org.quartz.Job;
import org.quartz.JobDataMap;
import org.quartz.JobExecutionContext;
import org.quartz.JobExecutionException;
/**
* @author only老K
* @create 2020-01-03 19:57
*/
public class ReamJob implements Job {//作业类
@Override
public void execute(JobExecutionContext jobExecutionContext) throws JobExecutionException {
//传递参数
System.out.println("传递参数");
JobDataMap jobDataMap=jobExecutionContext.getJobDetail().getJobDataMap();
System.out.println(jobDataMap.get("name").toString()+jobDataMap.get("level").toString()+jobDataMap.get("job"));
}
}
表达式触发器
玩法一(几秒执行一次)
package com.onlyk.quartz01.demo;
import com.onlyk.quartz01.job.ReamJob;
import org.quartz.*;
import org.quartz.impl.StdSchedulerFactory;
import static org.quartz.JobBuilder.newJob;
/**
* @author only老K
* @create 2020-01-03 20:14
* <p>
* quartz的表达式触发器
* Dome1存在问题:次数有限制,不够灵活
*/
public class Demo2 {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
SchedulerFactory schedulerFactory = new StdSchedulerFactory();//创建调度工厂
Scheduler scheduler = schedulerFactory.getScheduler();//获得调度器
JobDetail jobDetail = newJob(ReamJob.class)//放入代码块
.withIdentity("job1", "group1")//唯一标识
.withDescription("这个第一个定时任务案例")//描述
.build();//构建作业类
//构建触发器(存放定时任务规则的)
Trigger trigger = (Trigger) TriggerBuilder.newTrigger()
//指定表达式的触发规则 一共六个占位符
//从第0秒开始每3秒一次
.withSchedule(CronScheduleBuilder.cronSchedule("0/3 * * * * ?"))
.withIdentity("trigger1", "group1")
.withDescription("这个第一个触发器")
.build();
//将四个核心类进行组装 作业类和触发器进行组装
scheduler.scheduleJob(jobDetail, trigger);
//启动定时任务
scheduler.start();
}
}
玩法二(固定时间点执行一次)
package com.onlyk.quartz01.demo;
import com.onlyk.quartz01.job.ReamJob;
import org.quartz.*;
import org.quartz.impl.StdSchedulerFactory;
import static org.quartz.JobBuilder.newJob;
/**
* @author only老K
* @create 2020-01-03 20:14
* <p>
* quartz的表达式触发器
* Dome1存在问题:次数有限制,不够灵活
*/
public class Demo2 {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
SchedulerFactory schedulerFactory = new StdSchedulerFactory();//创建调度工厂
Scheduler scheduler = schedulerFactory.getScheduler();//获得调度器
JobDetail jobDetail = newJob(ReamJob.class)//放入代码块
.withIdentity("job1", "group1")//唯一标识
.withDescription("这个第一个定时任务案例")//描述
.build();//构建作业类
//构建触发器(存放定时任务规则的)
Trigger trigger = (Trigger) TriggerBuilder.newTrigger()
//指定表达式的触发规则 一共六个占位符
//从第0秒开始每3秒一次
// .withSchedule(CronScheduleBuilder.cronSchedule("0/3 * * * * ?"))
//在20.21触发定时任务
.withSchedule(CronScheduleBuilder.cronSchedule("0 21 20 * * ?"))
.withIdentity("trigger1", "group1")
.withDescription("这个第一个触发器")
.build();
//将四个核心类进行组装 作业类和触发器进行组装
scheduler.scheduleJob(jobDetail, trigger);
//启动定时任务
scheduler.start();
}
}
Spring task Vs Quartz
Spring task
优点:无需整合spring,作业类中就可以调用业务service
缺点:单线程;不能做数据存储型的定时任务
Quartz
优点:多线程;可以做数据存储型的定时任务,维护性高;
缺点:需要整合spring,不能直接调用业务层service;
验证线程问题
SpringTask线程
SpringTask
package com.onlyk.quartz01.springtask;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.Scheduled;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
/**
* @author only老K
* @create 2020-01-03 20:26
* springTask定时任务
*/
@Service
public class SpringTask {
@Scheduled(cron = "0/10 * * * * ?")
public void xxx(){
SimpleDateFormat format = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
System.err.println(format.format(new Date())+" : 这是一个spring task...");
try {
Thread.sleep(20*1000);
System.out.println("模拟正在处理大数据....");
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
启动类
package com.onlyk.quartz01;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.EnableScheduling;
@EnableScheduling
@SpringBootApplication
public class Quartz01Application {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(Quartz01Application.class, args);
}
}
这里可以看到是每30秒一次
Quartz线程
ReamJob
package com.onlyk.quartz01.job;
import org.quartz.Job;
import org.quartz.JobExecutionContext;
import org.quartz.JobExecutionException;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
/**
* @author only老K
* @create 2020-01-03 19:57
*/
public class ReamJob implements Job {//作业类
@Override
public void execute(JobExecutionContext jobExecutionContext) throws JobExecutionException {
// System.out.println("这里是定时任务启动就会执行的地方");
SimpleDateFormat format = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
System.err.println(format.format(new Date())+" : 这是一个quartz的定时任务...");
try {
Thread.sleep(20*1000);
System.out.println("模拟正在处理大数据....");
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
Demo2
package com.onlyk.quartz01.demo;
import com.onlyk.quartz01.job.ReamJob;
import org.quartz.*;
import org.quartz.impl.StdSchedulerFactory;
import static org.quartz.JobBuilder.newJob;
/**
* @author only老K
* @create 2020-01-03 20:14
* <p>
* quartz的表达式触发器
* Dome1存在问题:次数有限制,不够灵活
*/
public class Demo2 {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
SchedulerFactory schedulerFactory = new StdSchedulerFactory();//创建调度工厂
Scheduler scheduler = schedulerFactory.getScheduler();//获得调度器
JobDetail jobDetail = newJob(ReamJob.class)//放入代码块
.withIdentity("job1", "group1")//唯一标识
.withDescription("这个第一个定时任务案例")//描述
.build();//构建作业类
//构建触发器(存放定时任务规则的)
Trigger trigger = (Trigger) TriggerBuilder.newTrigger()
//指定表达式的触发规则 一共六个占位符
//从第0秒开始每3秒一次
// .withSchedule(CronScheduleBuilder.cronSchedule("0/3 * * * * ?"))
//在20.21触发定时任务
.withSchedule(CronScheduleBuilder.cronSchedule("0/10 * * * * ?"))
.withIdentity("trigger1", "group1")
.withDescription("这个第一个触发器")
.build();
//将四个核心类进行组装 作业类和触发器进行组装
scheduler.scheduleJob(jobDetail, trigger);
//启动定时任务
scheduler.start();
}
}
这里可以看到是每20秒一次