学习Java第三十六天--JDK8之StreamAPI

18.2 Stream

18.2.1 Stream API

• Stream是Java8中处理数组、集合的抽象概念；
• 可以执行非常复杂的查找、过滤、映射；

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.function.Consumer;
import java.util.function.Predicate;
import java.util.stream.Stream;

public class TestCreateStream {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		//Stream --> 集合、数组
		List<String> list = new ArrayList<String>();
		
		list.add("zhangsan");
		list.add("lisi");
		list.add("wangwu");
		list.add("zhaoliu");
		list.add("qianqi");
		
		//Stream里面存的是数据的操作，本身不保存数据
		
		//1.创建Stream
		Stream<String> s = list.stream();
		//2.中间操作
		Stream<String> center = s.filter( (str) -> str.length() >= 5 );
		//3.终止操作  最终操作
		System.out.println("名字长度大于5的是：");
		center.forEach( System.out::println);
		
//		center.forEach(new Consumer<String>() {

//			@Override
//			public void accept(String t) {
//				System.out.println(t);
//			}
			
//		});
		
		//简化
		list.stream().filter( (str2)->str2.length() >= 5).forEach(System.out::println);
	
		
	}

}

输出结果：

名字长度大于5的是：
zhangsan
wangwu
zhaoliu
qianqi
zhangsan
wangwu
zhaoliu
qianqi

18.2.2 常用方法（中间操作）

• Stream<T> filter(Predicate<? super T> predicate); //过滤
• Stream<T> limit(long maxSize); //截断，不超过给定数量
• Stream<T> distinct(); //筛选，利用hashCode和equals
• <R> Stream map(Function<? super T , ? extends R> mapper);
• Stream<T> sorted(); //自然排序
• Stream<T> sorted(Comparator<? super T> comparator); //定制排序

public class Emp implements Comparable{
	private String name;
	private int age;
	private double score;
	
	
	
	@Override
	public int hashCode() {
		return (int)(this.name.hashCode()+this.age+this.score);
		
	}


	@Override
	public boolean equals(Object obj) {
		if (this == obj)
			return true;
		if (obj == null)
			return false;
		if (getClass() != obj.getClass())
			return false;
		Emp other = (Emp) obj;
		if(other.name.equals(this.name) && other.age ==this.age && other.score==this.score) {
			return true;
		}
		return false;
	}


	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "Emp [name=" + name + ", age=" + age + ", score=" + score + "]";
	}


	public Emp() {
		super();
	}
	
	
	public Emp(String name, int age, double score) {
		super();
		this.name = name;
		this.age = age;
		this.score = score;
	}
	
	
	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}
	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}
	public int getAge() {
		return age;
	}
	public void setAge(int age) {
		this.age = age;
	}
	public double getScore() {
		return score;
	}
	public void setScore(double score) {
		this.score = score;
	}


	@Override
	public int compareTo(Object o) {
		Emp e = (Emp)o;
		return this.age - e.getAge();
	}
	
	
}

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;

public class TestStreamMethod {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		List<String> list = new ArrayList<String>();
		
		list.add("zhangsan");
		list.add("lisi");
		list.add("wangwu");
		list.add("zhaoliu");
		list.add("qianqi");
		list.add("zhangsan");
		
		System.out.println("---filter---");
		//filter -->过滤，指定规则
		list.stream().filter( (s)->s.startsWith("z") ).filter( (s)->s.contains("s") ).forEach(System.out::println);
		
		System.out.println("---limit---");
		//limit --> 截断，返回值不超过指定数量
		list.stream().limit(3).forEach(System.out::println);//前三个
		
		System.out.println("---distinct---");
		//distinct --> 筛选
		list.stream().distinct().forEach(System.out::println);
		System.out.println();
		
		List<Emp> elist = new ArrayList<Emp>();
		elist.add(new Emp("tom" , 18 , 97));
		elist.add(new Emp("alex" , 22 , 100));
		elist.add(new Emp("jack" , 24 , 98));
		elist.add(new Emp("tom" , 18 , 97));//地址不同，hashCode不相等，equals是相等的
		elist.add(new Emp("annie" , 21 , 99));
		//不会影响元数据
		elist.stream().distinct().forEach(System.out::println);
		System.out.println();
		elist.forEach(System.out::println);
		
		System.out.println("\n---map---");
		//Function(T,R)
		//emp --> T  getName() -> R
		elist.stream().map( (emp) -> emp.getName() ).forEach(System.out::println);
		elist.stream().map( (emp) -> emp.getScore() ).forEach(System.out::println);
		List<String> strList = Arrays.asList("aaa","bbb","ccc","ddd","eee");
		strList.stream().map( (s) -> s.toUpperCase() ).forEach(System.out::println);
		strList.stream().map( String::toUpperCase ).forEach(System.out::println);
		
		System.out.println("\n---sorted---");
		//sorted排序，流中的元素必须实现Comparable接口
		list.stream().sorted().forEach(System.out::println);
		elist.stream().sorted().forEach(System.out::println);
		
	}

}

输出结果：

---filter---
zhangsan
zhangsan
---limit---
zhangsan
lisi
wangwu
---distinct---
zhangsan
lisi
wangwu
zhaoliu
qianqi

Emp [name=tom, age=18, score=97.0]
Emp [name=alex, age=22, score=100.0]
Emp [name=jack, age=24, score=98.0]
Emp [name=annie, age=21, score=99.0]

Emp [name=tom, age=18, score=97.0]
Emp [name=alex, age=22, score=100.0]
Emp [name=jack, age=24, score=98.0]
Emp [name=tom, age=18, score=97.0]
Emp [name=annie, age=21, score=99.0]

---map---
tom
alex
jack
tom
annie
97.0
100.0
98.0
97.0
99.0
AAA
BBB
CCC
DDD
EEE
AAA
BBB
CCC
DDD
EEE

---sorted---
lisi
qianqi
wangwu
zhangsan
zhangsan
zhaoliu
Emp [name=tom, age=18, score=97.0]
Emp [name=tom, age=18, score=97.0]
Emp [name=annie, age=21, score=99.0]
Emp [name=alex, age=22, score=100.0]
Emp [name=jack, age=24, score=98.0]

18.2.3 常用方法（终止操作）

• long count(); //返回流中元素的总个数
• void forEach(Consumer<? super T> action); //遍历
• boolean anyMatch(Predicate<? super T> predicate); //是否至少匹配一个
• boolean allMatch(Predicate<? super T> predicate); //是否匹配所有元素
• boolean noneMatch(Predicate<? super T> predicate); //是否没有匹配
• Option<T> findFirst(); //返回第一个
• Option<T> findAny(); //返回任意
• Option<T> min(Comparator<? super T> comparator); //返回最小
• Option<T> max(Comparator<? super T> comparator); //返回最大

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Optional;

/**
 * 最终操作
 * @author XH
 * */
public class TestEndMethod {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		//1.forEach --> 遍历
		List<String> list = new ArrayList<String>();
		
		
		list.add("Tom");
		list.add("Rose");
		list.add("Jack");
		list.add("Alexnder");
		list.add("Alex");
		list.add("Annie");
		list.add("Jane");
		list.add("Jim");
		
		//2.count -> 流中元素的个数
		System.out.println("---count---");
		int count = (int)list.stream().filter( (s) -> s.length() > 3 ).count();
		System.out.println("流中有："+count+"个\n");
		System.out.println("---anyMatch---");
		boolean b1 = list.stream().filter( (s) -> s.length() > 3 ).anyMatch( (s)->s.startsWith("A"));
		System.out.println("以“A”开头的："+b1+"\n");
		System.out.println("---allMatch---");
		boolean b2 = list.stream().filter((s)->s.length()>3).allMatch((s)->s.contains("n"));
		System.out.println("含有“n”的："+b2+"\n");
		System.out.println("---noneMatch---");
		//检查  是否 没有匹配
		boolean b3 = list.stream().filter((s)->s.length()>3).noneMatch((s)->s.contains("s"));
		System.out.println(b3+"\n");
		System.out.println("---findFirst---");
		String str = list.stream().filter((s)->s.length()>3).findFirst().get();
		System.out.println(str+"\n");
		System.out.println("---findAny---");
		Optional<String> o = list.stream().filter((s)->s.length()>3).findAny();
		System.out.println(o.get());

		System.out.println("---Max---");
		List<Emp> elist = new ArrayList<Emp>();
		elist.add(new Emp("tom" , 18 , 97));
		elist.add(new Emp("alex" , 22 , 100));
		elist.add(new Emp("jack" , 24 , 98));
		elist.add(new Emp("annie" , 21 , 99));
		Optional<Emp> max = elist.stream().max((e1,e2)->e1.getAge()-e2.getAge());
		System.out.println(max+"\n");
		System.out.println("---Min---");
		Optional<Emp> min = elist.stream().min((e1,e2)->e1.getAge()-e2.getAge());
		System.out.println(min);
		
		
	}

}

输出结果：

---count---
流中有：6个

---anyMatch---
以“A”开头的：true

---allMatch---
含有“n”的：false

---noneMatch---
false

---findFirst---
Rose

---findAny---
Rose
---Max---
Optional[Emp [name=jack, age=24, score=98.0]]

---Min---
Optional[Emp [name=tom, age=18, score=97.0]]

18.2.4 并行Stream

• parallelStream表示多线程的Stream；

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.UUID;

public class TestStream {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		List<String> list = new ArrayList<String>();
		
		for(int i = 0 ; i < 1000000 ; i++) {
			UUID u = UUID.randomUUID();
			list.add(u.toString());
		}
		System.out.println("---串行---");
		//串行 --》 一条执行路径  单线程
		long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
		long count = list.stream().sorted().count();
		System.out.println("排序了："+count);
		long end = System.currentTimeMillis();
		System.out.println("用时："+(end - start));
		
		System.out.println();
		
		System.out.println("---并行---");
		long start2 = System.currentTimeMillis();
		long count2 = list.parallelStream().sorted().count();
		System.out.println("排序了："+count2);
		long end2 = System.currentTimeMillis();
		System.out.println("用时："+(end2 - start2));
	}

}

输出结果：

---串行---
排序了：1000000
用时：1603

---并行---
排序了：1000000
用时：487