SpringBoot配置多数据源，结合AOP实现读写分离(二)

最新推荐文章于 2023-05-05 10:53:33 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2023-05-05 10:53:33 发布

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本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_44271364/article/details/107478129

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## 读写分离：缓解数据库的压力，让主数据库处理事务性增、改、删操作，而从数据库处理查询操作。

**一、**首先要部署两个Mysql数据库并实现主从复制，详情请参考我之前的文章
dokcer容器环境实现mysql主从复制
**二、**在pom文件中添加如下依赖：

<dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>druid-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
            <version>1.1.10</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
            <version>1.3.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>tk.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mapper-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
            <version>2.1.5</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>8.0.16</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- 动态数据源 所需依赖 ### start-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-aop</artifactId>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>
        <!-- 动态数据源 所需依赖 ### end-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.4</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

**三、**添加主库和从库的数据源配置

spring:
  datasource:
    type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource
    driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
    master:
      url: jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/test?characterEncoding=utf-8&useSSL=false
      username: root
      password:
    slave:
      url: jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.7:3307/test?characterEncoding=utf-8&useSSL=false
      username: root
      password:

**四、**创建枚举类来代替主从标识，方便我们使用

@Getter
public enum DynamicDataSourceEnum {

    MASTER("master"),
    SLAVE("slave")
    ;

    private String dataSourceName;

    DynamicDataSourceEnum(String dataSourceName) {
        
        this.dataSourceName = dataSourceName;
    }
}

**五、**数据源配置信息类 DataSourceConfig，这里配置了两个数据源，masterDb和slaveDb

@Configuration
@MapperScan(basePackages = "com.xjt.proxy.mapper", sqlSessionTemplateRef = "sqlTemplate")
public class DataSourceConfig {

     //主库
      @Bean
      @ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.datasource.master")
      public DataSource masterDb() {
  			return DruidDataSourceBuilder.create().build();
      }

    //从库
    @Bean
    @ConditionalOnProperty(prefix = "spring.datasource", name = "slave", matchIfMissing = true)
    @ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.datasource.slave")
    public DataSource slaveDb() {
        return DruidDataSourceBuilder.create().build();
    }

    // 主从动态配置
    @Bean
    public DynamicDataSource dynamicDb(@Qualifier("masterDb") DataSource masterDataSource,
        @Autowired(required = false) @Qualifier("slaveDb") DataSource slaveDataSource) {
        DynamicDataSource dynamicDataSource = new DynamicDataSource();
        Map<Object, Object> targetDataSources = new HashMap<>();
        targetDataSources.put(DynamicDataSourceEnum.MASTER.getDataSourceName(), masterDataSource);
      	// 默认连接为主库，从库的DataSource 不是比传参数，如果slaveDataSource不等于null时则切换到从库
        if (slaveDataSource != null) {
            targetDataSources.put(DynamicDataSourceEnum.SLAVE.getDataSourceName(), slaveDataSource);
        }
        dynamicDataSource.setTargetDataSources(targetDataSources);
        dynamicDataSource.setDefaultTargetDataSource(masterDataSource);
        return dynamicDataSource;
    }
    @Bean
    public SqlSessionFactory sessionFactory(@Qualifier("dynamicDb") DataSource dynamicDataSource) throws Exception {
        SqlSessionFactoryBean bean = new SqlSessionFactoryBean();
        bean.setMapperLocations(
            new PathMatchingResourcePatternResolver().getResources("classpath*:mappers/*.xml"));
        bean.setDataSource(dynamicDataSource);
        return bean.getObject();
    }
    @Bean
    public SqlSessionTemplate sqlTemplate(@Qualifier("sessionFactory") SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory) {
        return new SqlSessionTemplate(sqlSessionFactory);
    }
    @Bean(name = "dataSourceTx")
    public DataSourceTransactionManager dataSourceTx(@Qualifier("dynamicDb") DataSource dynamicDataSource) {
        DataSourceTransactionManager dataSourceTransactionManager = new DataSourceTransactionManager();
        dataSourceTransactionManager.setDataSource(dynamicDataSource);
        return dataSourceTransactionManager;
    }
}

****六、路由的设置和获取
设置路由的目的为了方便查找对应的数据源，我们可以用ThreadLocal保存数据源的信息到每个线程中，方便我们需要时获取

public class DataSourceContextHolder {
    private static final ThreadLocal<String> DYNAMIC_DATASOURCE_CONTEXT = new ThreadLocal<>();
    
    public static void set(String datasourceType) {
        DYNAMIC_DATASOURCE_CONTEXT.set(datasourceType);
    }
    
    public static String get() {
        return DYNAMIC_DATASOURCE_CONTEXT.get();
    }
    
    public static void clear() {
        DYNAMIC_DATASOURCE_CONTEXT.remove();
    }
}

获取路由

public class DynamicDataSource extends AbstractRoutingDataSource {

    @Override
    protected Object determineCurrentLookupKey() {
        return DataSourceContextHolder.get();
    }
}

AbstractRoutingDataSource的作用是基于查找key路由到对应的数据源，它内部维护了一组目标数据源，并且做了路由key与目标数据源之间的映射，提供基于key查找数据源的方法。
七、自定义数据源注解
为了可以方便切换数据源，我们可以写一个注解，注解中包含数据源对应的枚举值，默认是主库：DynamicDataSourceEnum.MASTER

@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Target(ElementType.METHOD)
@Documented
public @interface DataSourceSelector {

    DynamicDataSourceEnum value() default DynamicDataSourceEnum.MASTER;
    boolean clear() default true;
}

八、aop切换数据源
定义一个aop类，对有注解的方法做切换数据源的操作

@Slf4j
@Aspect
@Order(value = 1)
@Component
public class DataSourceContextAop {
	//写自定义注解的包路径
 	@Around("@annotation(com.jiahao.mall.face.DataSourceSelector)")
    public Object setDynamicDataSource(ProceedingJoinPoint pjp) throws Throwable {
        boolean clear = true;
        try {
            Method method = this.getMethod(pjp);
            DataSourceSelector dataSourceImport = method.getAnnotation(DataSourceSelector.class);
            clear = dataSourceImport.clear();
            DataSourceContextHolder.set(dataSourceImport.value().getDataSourceName());
            log.info("========数据源切换至：{}", dataSourceImport.value().getDataSourceName());
            return pjp.proceed();
        } finally {
            if (clear) {
                DataSourceContextHolder.clear();
            }
        }
    }
    private Method getMethod(JoinPoint pjp) {
        MethodSignature signature = (MethodSignature)pjp.getSignature();
        return signature.getMethod();
    }
}

九、SpringBoot结合AOP实现读写分离，分别调用主从两个数据库就已经实现了

简单写了一个ServiceImpl，包含查询方法和新增方法，在insert方法上添加主库的注解，在查询方法上添加从库的注解

@Service
public class AntDashboardsServiceImpl implements AntDashboardsService {

    @Autowired
    private AntDashboardsMapper antDashboardsMapper;

    @Override
    public ResponseVo<AntDashboardVo> delete(Integer id) {
        return null;
    }

    @Override
    @DataSourceSelector(value = DynamicDataSourceEnum.MASTER)
    public ResponseVo<AntDashboardVo> insert(AntDashboards antDashboards) {
        int insert = antDashboardsMapper.insert(antDashboards);
        return ResponseVo.success();
    }

    @Override
    @DataSourceSelector(value = DynamicDataSourceEnum.SLAVE)
    public ResponseVo<PageInfo> selectAll() {
        List<AntDashboards> result = antDashboardsMapper.selectAll();
        List<AntDashboardVo> antDashboardVoList = result.stream().
                map(e -> {
                    AntDashboardVo antDashboardVo = new AntDashboardVo();
                    BeanUtils.copyProperties(e, antDashboardVo);
                    return antDashboardVo;
                }).collect(Collectors.toList());
        PageInfo pageInfo = new PageInfo<>(result);
        pageInfo.setList(antDashboardVoList);
        return ResponseVo.success(pageInfo);
    }
}

现在我们测试一下

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/dashboards")
public class AntDashboardsController {

    @Autowired
    private AntDashboardsService antDashboardsService;

    @GetMapping("/selectAll")
    public ResponseVo<PageInfo> selectAll(){
        ResponseVo<PageInfo> responseVo = antDashboardsService.selectAll();
        System.out.println("=======查询接口=======");
        return responseVo;
    }

    @GetMapping("/insert")
    public ResponseVo insert(){
        AntDashboards dashboards = new AntDashboards();
        dashboards.setName("test");
        dashboards.setCreatedAt(new Date());
        dashboards.setUpdatedAt(new Date());
        ResponseVo<AntDashboardVo> responseVo = antDashboardsService.insert(dashboards);
        System.out.println("=======新增接口=======");
        return responseVo;
    }
}

1.测试查询接口：
在这里插入图片描述
2.测试新增接口：

执行之后，比对数据库就可以发现主从库都修改了数据，说明我们的读写分离是成功的。

读写分离的作用是为了缓解数据库的压力，但一定要基于数据一致性的原则，就是保证主从库之间的数据一定要一致。如果一个方法涉及到写的逻辑，那么该方法里所有的数据库操作都要走主库。

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SpringBoot配置多数据源，结合AOP实现读写分离(二)

## 读写分离：缓解数据库的压力，让主数据库处理事务性增、改、删操作，而从数据库处理查询操作。**一、**首先要部署两个Mysql数据库并实现主从复制，详情请参考我之前的文章dokcer容器环境实现mysql主从复制**二、**在pom文件中添加如下依赖：<dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId> <artif
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