基于docker的etcd高可用集群部署

`工作原理`
ETCD使用Raft协议来维护集群内各个节点状态的一致性。简单说，ETCD集群是一个分布式系统，由多个节点相互通信构成整体对外服务，每个节点都存储了完整的数据，并且通过Raft协议保证每个节点维护的数据是一致的。

1、启动容器

[root@iZuf612i9bshiuw3zzlfe9Z etcd]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE                       COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS                    NAMES
cbcba4dd6c44        etcd                        "/usr/sbin/init"         4 seconds ago       Up 2 seconds        0.0.0.0:2379->2379/tcp   etcd_etcd-master_1
b8dba884f38c        etcd                        "/usr/sbin/init"         4 seconds ago       Up 2 seconds        0.0.0.0:2377->2379/tcp   etcd_etcd-slave2_1
2af6e886f4f0        etcd                        "/usr/sbin/init"         4 seconds ago       Up 2 seconds        0.0.0.0:2378->2379/tcp   etcd_etcd-slave1_1

2、新建目录，存放证书、配置文件等

mkdir -p /opt/etcd/{bin,cfg,ssl}

3、生成证书文件
（1）下载工具

wget https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssl_linux-amd64
chmod +x cfssl_linux-amd64
mv cfssl_linux-amd64 /usr/bin/cfssl

wget https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssljson_linux-amd64
chmod +x cfssljson_linux-amd64
mv cfssljson_linux-amd64 /usr/bin/cfssljson

wget https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssl-certinfo_linux-amd64
chmod +x cfssl-certinfo_linux-amd64
mv cfssl-certinfo_linux-amd64 /usr/bin/cfssl-certinfo

(2)生成ca证书

ca-config.json
{
      "signing": {
        "default": {
        "expiry": "87600h"
        },
        "profiles": {
          "www": {
            "expiry": "87600h",
            "usages": [
              "signing","key encipherment",
              "server auth",
              "client auth"
            ]
          }
        }
      }
}

ca-csr.json
{
      "CN": "etcd CA",
      "key": {
        "algo": "rsa",
        "size": 2048
      },
      "names": [{
        "C": "CN",
        "L": "Beijing",
        "ST": "Beijing"
      }]
}

root@etcd-master:/opt/etcd/ssl# cfssl gencert -initca ca-csr.json | cfssljson -bare ca -
root@etcd-master:/opt/etcd/ssl# ls ca* 
ca-config.json  ca-csr.json  ca-key.pem  ca.csr  ca.pem

（3）使用自签 CA 签发 Etcd HTTPS 证书

server-csr.json
{
      "CN": "etcd",
      "hosts": [
        "172.18.62.37",
        "172.18.62.38",
        "172.18.62.39"
      ],
      "key": {
        "algo": "rsa",
        "size": 2048
      },
      "names": [{
        "C": "CN",
        "L": "BeiJing",
        "ST": "BeiJing"
      }]
}

root@etcd-master:/opt/etcd/ssl# cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=www server-csr.json | cfssljson -bare server
root@etcd-master:/opt/etcd/ssl# ls server*
server-csr.json  server-key.pem  server.csr  server.pem

4、部署etcd

wget https://github.com/coreos/etcd/releases/download/v3.1.5/etcd-v3.1.5-linux-amd64.tar.gz
tar xvf etcd-v3.1.5-linux-amd64.tar.gz
mv etcd-v3.1.5-linux-amd64/etcd /opt/etcd/bin/
mv etcd-v3.1.5-linux-amd64/etcdctl /opt/etcd/bin/

5、修改配置文件

etcd.conf
#[Member]
ETCD_NAME="etcd-1"
ETCD_DATA_DIR="/var/lib/etcd/default.etcd"
ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="https://172.18.62.37:2380"
ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="https://172.18.62.37:2379"
#[Clustering]
ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="https://172.18.62.37:2380"
ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="https://172.18.62.37:2379"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER="etcd-1=https://172.18.62.37:2380,etcd-2=https://172.18.62.38:2380,etcd-3=https://172.18.62.39:2380"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN="etcd-cluster"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE="new"

etcd.service
[Unit]
Description=Etcd Server
After=network.target
After=network-online.target
Wants=network-online.target
[Service]
Type=notify
EnvironmentFile=/opt/etcd/cfg/etcd.conf
ExecStart=/opt/etcd/bin/etcd \
--cert-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem \
--key-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem \
--peer-cert-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem \
--peer-key-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem \
--trusted-ca-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem \
--peer-trusted-ca-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem 
Restart=on-failure
LimitNOFILE=65536
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

6、将所有配置拷贝从节点，修改etcd.conf

scp -r /opt/etcd root@etcd-slave1:/opt
scp -r /usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service root@etcd-slave1:/usr/lib/systemd/system
scp -r /opt/etcd root@etcd-slave2:/opt
scp -r /usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service root@etcd-slave2:/usr/lib/systemd/system

7、启动服务

systemctl daemon-reload 
systemctl start etcd 
systemctl enable etcd

8、验证集群状态

ETCDCTL_API=3 /opt/etcd/bin/etcdctl --cacert=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem --cert=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem --key=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem --endpoints="https://172.18.62.37:2379,https://172.18.62.38:2379,https://172.18.62.39:2379" endpoint health