利用Java编写连接数据库的工具类

利用Properties文件解析以及利用Java建立数据库连接

• 在下边先给一个properties解析出来 用户名、密码

public class PropertiesParser {
	
	/*
	 * properties 配置文件处理工具
	 * 将所有键值对 存到Map里面
	 * 所以 propertiesMap定义为 static 和  final类型的
	 * 负责从外部读取键值对，再存到Map里面
	 * 同时对外要提供 可以有给出键  获取值的方法
	 * 到时需要 用户在不同配置文件里面 的键要统一命名
	 */
	
	private static final  Map<String,String>  propertyMap;
	static {
		propertyMap=new HashMap<>();
	}
	//此类主要提供静态方法供用户使用
	public PropertiesParser() {
		
	}
	public static void loadProperties(String path) throws IOException {
		if(path==null) {
			return ;
		}
		InputStream is=PropertiesParser.class.
				getResourceAsStream(path);
		if(is==null) {
		}
			Properties property=new   Properties();
			property.load(is);
			//获取 property 的键集合
			Enumeration<Object> keys =property.keys();
			while(keys.hasMoreElements()) {
				String key=(String) keys.nextElement();
				String value =property.getProperty(key);
				String hasValue=propertyMap.get(key);
				if(hasValue !=null) {
					throw new KeyAlreadyExistsException
					("键["+key+"]"+"已经存在！");
				}
				//写入propertyMap
				propertyMap.put(key, value);
			}
		}
	public static String getvalue(String key) {
		return propertyMap.get(key);
	}
		public static Map<String,String> getBeginWith(String beginner){
			Map<String ,String> result=new HashMap<>();
			for (String key:propertyMap.keySet()) {
				if(key.startsWith(beginner)) {
					String value=propertyMap.get(key);
					result.put(key, value);
				}
			}
			return result;
			
		}
	
	
	

1. 接下来给出一个建立连接的类

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class Database {
	private static Connection connection;
	
	public Database() {
	}
	
	public static void loadDatabaseConfig(String path) {
		PropertiesParser.loadProperties(path);
	}
	
	private static Connection getConnection() {
		if (connection == null) {
			try {
				Class.forName(PropertiesParser.value("driver"));
				connection = DriverManager.getConnection(
						PropertiesParser.value("url"), 
						PropertiesParser.value("user"), 
						PropertiesParser.value("password"));
			} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			} catch (SQLException e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
		}
		
		return connection;
	}
	
	@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
	public <T> List<T> list(Class<?> klass) {
		ClassTable ct = ClassTableFactory.getClassTable(klass);
		if (ct == null) {
			return null;
		}
		String sql = "SELECT " + ct.getColumnString() + " FROM " + ct.getTable();
		
		List<T> result = new ArrayList<>();
		try {
			PreparedStatement state = getConnection().prepareStatement(sql);
			ResultSet rs = state.executeQuery();
			
			while(rs.next()) {
				Object object = klass.newInstance();
				ct.setFieldFromResultSet(rs, object);
				result.add((T) object);
			}
		} catch (SQLException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (InstantiationException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		
		return result;
	}
	
	@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
	public <T> T get(Class<?> klass, Object id) {
		ClassTable ct = ClassTableFactory.getClassTable(klass);
		if (ct == null) {
			return null;
		}
		String sql = "SELECT " + ct.getColumnString() + " FROM " + ct.getTable()
			+ " WHERE " + ct.getIdString() + "=?";
		
		Connection connection = getConnection();
		try {
			PreparedStatement state = connection.prepareStatement(sql);
			state.setObject(1, id);
			ResultSet rs = state.executeQuery();
			if (rs.next()) {
				Object object = klass.newInstance();
				ct.setFieldFromResultSet(rs, object);
				return (T) object;
			}
		} catch (SQLException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (InstantiationException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		
		return null;
	}
	
	public int executeUpdate(String SQLString) {
		Connection connection = getConnection();
		try {
			PreparedStatement state = connection.prepareStatement(SQLString);
			return state.executeUpdate();
		} catch (SQLException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		
		return -1;
	}
	
	public ResultSet executeQuery(String SQLString) {
		ResultSet rs = null;
		Connection connection = getConnection();
		try {
			PreparedStatement state = connection.prepareStatement(SQLString);
			return state.executeQuery();
		} catch (SQLException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		
		return rs;
	}
	
}

 这样就实现了，数据库的连接，用户只需要提供，数据库名，用户名，密码，就可以利用这两个类来进行数据库连接。