[linux cacti] 安装，连接不到mysql数据库解决 FATAL: Connection to Cacti database failed

报错

跟着各种博客一步步安装cacti监控，结果在浏览器输入IP/cacti/一直报错，连接不到数据库。

FATAL: Connection to Cacti database failed. Please ensure:    
    the PHP MySQL module is installed and enabled.
    the database is running.
    the credentials in config.php are valid.

我的安装环境：

centos 7
mysql 8.0.11
httpd-2.4.6
cacti-1.2.23
php-5.4.16
php-mysql-5.4.16

想要查看cacti的错误日志，但cacti/log文件夹下没有生成log文件，输入地址http://cacti.java-er.com/ 查看，也报错

System log file is not available for writing, please enable write access Log: /usr/share/cacti/log/cacti.log 

问题排查

1. 给log赋予各种权限
2. 检查数据库cacti用户的权限，也一切正常
   
   3.修改cacti/include/config.php，确保用户名密码与在mysql中创建的一致

$database_type     = 'mysql';
$database_default  = 'cacti';
$database_hostname = 'localhost';
$database_username = 'cacti'; #这里我的用户名，密码都为cacti
$database_password = 'cacti';
$database_port     = '3306';
$database_retries  = 5;

解决

1.先确保php安装正常，然后修改var/www/html/index.php 检测mysql连接状态

<?php

#phpinfo()
#在这里修改数据库host，用户名，密码
$link = mysql_connect('localhost', 'cacti', 'cacti');
if($link)
        echo "<h1>Success!</h1>"; #连接成功
else
        echo "Fail了";

echo "检测连接"

?>
~

在浏览器中输入IP地址，如果连接失败，新打开一个ssh窗口，动态查看Apache的错误日志
tailf /var/log/httpd/error_log

发现输出报错：

[Mon Apr 24 11:43:28.737720 2023] [:error] [pid 5835] [client 192.168.101.1:51901] PHP Warning:  mysql_connect(): C   an't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock' (2) in /var/www/html/index.php on lin   e 6

因为cacti通过/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock 来连接mysql的，找不到就报错了，修改/etc/my.cnf中所有的sock路径，然后重启mysql重试。

然后重启后，依然连接失败，报错：

[Mon Apr 24 12:04:32.555200 2023] [:error] [pid 9351] [client 192.168.101.1:52771] PHP Warning:  mysql_connect(): Authentication plugin 'caching_sha2_password' cannot be loaded: /usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/caching_sha2_password.so: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory in /var/www/html/index.php on line 6

原因
mysql8 之前的版本中加密规则是mysql_native_password,而在mysql8之后,加密规则是caching_sha2_password。
登录mysql后，查询

mysql> select user, host, plugin from mysql.user;
+------------------+-----------------+-----------------------+
| user             | host            | plugin                |
+------------------+-----------------+-----------------------+
| admin            | %               | caching_sha2_password |
| zabbix           | %               | mysql_native_password |
| slave            | 192.168.101.131 | mysql_native_password |
| cacti            | localhost       | caching_sha2_password |
| mysql.infoschema | localhost       | mysql_native_password |
| mysql.session    | localhost       | mysql_native_password |
| mysql.sys        | localhost       | mysql_native_password |
| root             | localhost       | caching_sha2_password |
+------------------+-----------------+-----------------------+
8 rows in set (0.00 sec)

发现cacti用户的加密方式是caching_sha2_password ，我的mysql版本是8的，修改其对应的plugin为 mysql_native_password 即可。

ALTER USER 'cacti'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY 'cacti';

重试
打开浏览器重试，数据库连接成功

登录cacti，登录界面也出来了

ps:这错误我排查了一天，能搜到的相关报错解决很少，总结下排查流程