DOM解析XML

student.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<Students>
	<Student Id="01">
		<Name>张三</Name>
		<Sex>true</Sex>
		<Score>99</Score>
	</Student>
<Student Id="2">
		<Name>李四</Name>
		<Sex>false</Sex>
		<Score>55</Score>
	</Student>
</Students>

代码：

public class StudentOperator {
	private Map<Integer, Student> students;

	/**
	 * 缺省构造方法，实例化一个学生Map集合
	 */
	public StudentOperator() {
		students = new HashMap<Integer, Student>();
		xmlRead("students.xml");
	}
/**
	 * 将xml数据读取到集合
	 * @param file
	 */
	public void xmlRead(String file) {
		// 创建文件解析器工厂对象
		DocumentBuilderFactory dbf = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
		// 创建文件解析对象
		DocumentBuilder db;
		// 创建文档对象
		Document doc;

		try {
			db = dbf.newDocumentBuilder();
			doc = db.parse(file);
			//获取节点集合对象
			NodeList listStu = doc.getElementsByTagName("Student");
			for (int i = 0; i < listStu.getLength(); i++) {
				//获取节点集合中的子节点
				Node node = listStu.item(i);
				//将节点父对象转换成节点子对象
				Element stu = (Element) node;
				//将节点值添加到实体类属性
				Student student = new Student();
				//获取Student元素的属性值
				String id = stu.getAttribute("Id");
				student.setId(Integer.parseInt(id));

				for (Node first = stu.getFirstChild(); first != null; first = first
						.getNextSibling()) {
					if (first.getNodeType() == Node.ELEMENT_NODE) {
						if (first.getNodeName().equals("Name")) {
							student.setName(first.getTextContent());
						} else if (first.getNodeName().equals("Sex")) {
							student.setSex(Boolean.parseBoolean(first
									.getTextContent()));
						} else if (first.getNodeName().equals("Score")) {
							student.setScore(Double.parseDouble(first
									.getTextContent()));
						}
					}
				}
				// 添加到学生集合
				students.put(student.getId(), student);
			}
		} catch (ParserConfigurationException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (SAXException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}
/**
 * 将集合写入xml
 * @param file
 */
public void xmlWrite(String file) {

	FileWriter fw;
	try {
		fw = new FileWriter(file);
		fw.write("<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?>\r\n");
		fw.write("<Students>\r\n");
		for (Student s : students.values()) {
			fw.write("\t<Student Id=\"" + s.getId() + "\">\r\n");
			fw.write("\t\t<Name>" + s.getName() + "</Name>\r\n");
			fw.write("\t\t<Sex>" + s.getSex() + "</Sex>\r\n");
			fw.write("\t\t<Score>" + s.getScore() + "</Score>\r\n");
			fw.write("\t</Student>\r\n");
		}
		fw.write("</Students>\r\n");
		fw.close();
		System.out.println("写入完成");
	} catch (IOException e) {
		e.printStackTrace();
	}
	}

a)解析XML文件：读取XML节点内容
i.创建解析器工厂：DocumentBuilderFactory dbf = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance()
ii.创建解析器对象：DocumentBuilder db = dbf.newDocumentBuilder()
iii.创建XML文档对象树：Document doc = db.parse(“student.xml”)
iv.获取指定节点集合，进行遍历：NodeList nodes = doc.getElementsByTagName(“Student”)
b)NodeList
i.getLength()：节点集合的长度
ii.item(index)：取指定位置的节点
c)Node
i.getFirstChild()：获取第一个子节点
ii.getNextSibling()：获取当前节点的下一个兄弟节点
iii.getNodeType()：获取节点类型，与枚举值进行对比，Node.ELEMENT_NODE
iv.getNodeName()：获取节点的名称
v.getTextContent()：获取节点的值
d)Element
i.getAttribute(String)：获取元素的属性值，通过属性名获取