C语言实现校运会管理系统(数据结构链表)
一、前言
2022年11月26日,有个同学咨询我我会写C语言吗,C语言还是我大学学的,很多都忘了,然后他让我用链表写一个<校运动会管理系统>,然后想着周末也没什么事,就写了一个,然后这个项目的题目是:
1. 要实现一个使用密码登录功能
2. 假设参加运动会的有n个学院,学校编号为1.....n,比赛分成m个男子项目,和w个女子项目。项目编号为男子1.....m,女子m+1....mw。
不同的运动项目取前八名积分,且前八名的积分分别为: 9、7、6、5、4、3、2、1 (m<=20,n<=20)
3. 可以输入各个项目的前八名的成绩,
4. 能统计各学院的总分并排序;
5. 可以按学院编号、学院总分、男女团体总分排序输出:
6. 可以按学院编号查询学院某个项目的情况,可以按项目编号查询取得前八名的学院。
7. 可以查找汇总某名选手参加的项目和获取的名次和积分。
注意: 输出形式:有中文或英文提示,各学院分数为整型。
界面要求:有合理的提示,每个功能可以设立菜单,根据提示,可以完成相关的功能要求
存储结构:学生自己根据系统功能要求自己设计,要求运动会的相关数据要存储在数据文件中。
(数据文件的数据读写方法等相关内容可以参考c语言程序设计的教材)请在最后的上交资料中指明使用的存储结构。
二、源码及项目展示
1、登录页面
int contrast(char password[]) //密码校对函数
{
static char key[10]="123456789";
if(strcmp(password,key)==0) //比较输入字符和系统设定的密码是否相同
return 1;
else
return 0;
}
void Login()//自定义登录函数
{
char a;
printf("\n");
printf("===================欢迎进入校运会管理系统==================\n");
printf("* 作者:王恒杰 班级: xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx 学号:xxxxxxxxxxx \n");
printf("***************************************************************\n");
printf("********************输入密码登陆请按回车键*********************\n");
printf("***************************************************************\n");
scanf("%c",&a);
if(a=='\n')
{
char password[10];
int count=0,s;
printf("您有三次输入机会!\n\n");
printf("请输入密码:\n");
scanf("%s",password);
s=contrast(password);//调用密码校对函数
if(s==1)
{
system("CLS");
Sleep(500);
printf("\n 密码正确!!\n\n");
system("color 3f");
printf("********************************************************\n");
printf("******************欢迎进入操作界面**********************\n");
printf("********************************************************\n");
printf("*********************请录入信息*************************\n\n\n");
}
if(s==0)
{
count++;
while(count!=3)
{
printf("密码错误,请再次输入密码:\n");
scanf("%s",password);
s=contrast(password);
if(s==1)
{
system("CLS");
Sleep(500);
printf("\n 密码正确!\n\n");
system("color 3f");
printf("********************************************************\n");
printf("**********************欢迎进入**************************\n");
printf("********************************************************\n");
printf("*********************请录入信息*************************\n\n\n");
return ;//??????????????????
}
if(s==0) count++;
}
if(count==3) printf("你已经错误输入3次,系统退出!\n");
exit(0);
}
}
else
exit(1);
}
- 我们启动项目 ,会要按回车键,进入登录,然后有三次输入密码的机会
- 如果连续三次输入错误,那就自动退出系统
- 系统默认的密码是123456789
- 密码正确,正式进入系统
2、校运动会
1、源码
- Sports.cpp
#include "sports.h"
//初始化头指针fd
void init(LinkList &mylist)
{
mylist = (LinkNode *)malloc(sizeof(LinkNode)); //申请头结点
mylist->rank = 0;
mylist->score = 0;
mylist->sex = -1;
strcpy(mylist->name, "");
strcpy(mylist->college, "");
strcpy(mylist->item, "");
mylist->next = NULL;
}
//根据排名得到相应的分数
int get_score(int rank)
{
if (rank == 1)
return 9;
else if (rank == 2)
return 7;
else if (rank == 3)
return 6;
else if (rank == 4)
return 5;
else if (rank == 5)
return 4;
else if (rank == 6)
return 3;
else if (rank == 7)
return 2;
else if (rank == 8)
return 1;
else
return 0;
}
//初始化程序,输入学院名,项目名和选手成绩
void input(LinkList &mylist, int &college_num, int &item_num, char colleges[][20], char items[][20])
{
int i, r, flag = 0;
int score = 0, rank = 0, sex = 0; // 存储输入变量;
char name[20] = {'\0'}, college[20] = {'\0'}, item[20] = {'\0'}; // 存储输入变量存储;
int count = 1; // 计数器
printf("请输入学院个数 n<10 \n");
while (r = scanf("%d", &college_num) != 1 || college_num > 10 || college_num < 0)
{
printf(" 您的输入有误,请重新输入! \n");
fflush(stdin); /*清空输入缓冲区,也可以使用rewind(stdin);*/
}
for (i = 0; i < college_num; i++)
{
printf("请输入第%d学院名\n", i + 1);
scanf("%s", &colleges[i]);
fflush(stdin);
}
printf("请输入项目个数 n<10 \n");
while (r = scanf("%d", &item_num) != 1 || item_num > 10 || item_num < 0)
{
printf(" 您的输入有误,请重新输入! \n");
fflush(stdin);
}
for (i = 0; i < item_num; i++)
{
printf("请输入第%d项目名\n", i + 1);
scanf("%s", &items[i]);
}
while (true)
{
fflush(stdin);
printf("请输入第%d个选手数据\n", count);
printf("请输入姓名\n");
r = scanf("%s", &name);
if (r == 0)
{
printf(" 您的输入有误,请重新输入! \n");
break;
}
printf("请输入性别 0代表女性 1代表男性\n");
r = scanf("%d", &sex);
if (r == 0)
{
printf(" 您的输入有误,请重新输入! \n");
break;
}
printf("请输入学院\n");
r = scanf("%s", &college);
if (r == 0)
{
printf(" 您的输入有误,请重新输入! \n");
break;
}
printf("请输入项目\n");
r = scanf("%s", &item);
if (r == 0)
{
printf(" 您的输入有误,请重新输入! \n");
break;
}
printf("请输入名次 1-8\n");
r = scanf("%d", &rank);
if (r == 0 && rank < 0 && rank > 8)
{
printf(" 您的输入有误,请重新输入! \n");
break;
}
score = get_score(rank);
set_data(mylist, score, rank, sex, name, college, item);
count++;
printf("0 结束输入数据 , 1 输入数据\n");
scanf("%d", &flag);
if (flag == 0)
break;
}
}
//创建链表
void set_data(LinkList &mylist, int score, int rank, int sex, char name[], char college[], char item[])
{
LinkNode *p = mylist->next, *s;
//如果链表为空,则做初始化链表
if (p == NULL)
{
s = (LinkNode *)malloc(sizeof(LinkNode));
assert(s != NULL);
s->score = score;
s->rank = rank;
s->sex = sex;
strcpy(s->name, name);
strcpy(s->college, college);
strcpy(s->item, item);
s->next = NULL;
mylist->next = s;
}
else
{
while (p->next != NULL)
{
p = p->next;
}
s = (LinkNode *)malloc(sizeof(LinkNode));
assert(s != NULL);
s->score = score;
s->rank = rank;
s->sex = sex;
strcpy(s->name, name);
strcpy(s->college, college);
strcpy(s->item, item);
s->next = NULL;
p->next = s;
}
}
//打印所有的数据
void show(LinkList mylist)
{
int count = 1;
Node *p = mylist->next;
while (p != NULL)
{
printf("打印第%d个成绩\n", count);
print(p);
p = p->next;
count++;
}
}
//保存数据为.txt文件
void save(LinkList mylist, char colleges[][20], int colleges_num, char items[][20], int item_num)
{
int i;
//保存选手数据
FILE *file;
file = fopen("sports_data.txt", "w");
if (file == NULL)
{
printf("文件创建失败请检查!\n");
exit(0);
}
Node *p = mylist->next;
while (p != NULL)
{
fprintf(file, "%s\t", p->name);
fprintf(file, "%d\t", p->sex);
fprintf(file, "%s\t", p->college);
fprintf(file, "%s\t", p->item);
fprintf(file, "%d\t", p->rank);
fprintf(file, "%d\n", p->score);
p = p->next;
}
fclose(file);
file = NULL; //将指针置为NULL ,打开另一个文件
file = fopen("colleges_items.txt", "w");
if (file == NULL)
{
printf("文件创建失败请检查!\n");
exit(0);
}
//保存项目数和学院数
fprintf(file, "%d\t", colleges_num);
fprintf(file, "%d\t", item_num);
//保存项目名字和学院名字
for (i = 0; i < colleges_num; i++)
{
fprintf(file, "%s\t", colleges[i]);
}
for (i = 0; i < item_num; i++)
{
fprintf(file, "%s\t", items[i]);
}
fclose(file);
}
//读取txt文件中的数据
void read(LinkList mylist, char colleges[][20], int &colleges_num, char items[][20], int &item_num)
{
if (mylist->next != NULL)
{
printf("已读取数据!\n");
return;
}
FILE *file;
int i = 0;
file = fopen("sports_data.txt", "r");
if (file == NULL)
{
printf("文件读取失败请初始化!\n");
exit(0);
}
int score, rank, sex; // 作为输入变量存储;
char name[20], college[20], item[20]; // 作为输入变量存储;
//当指针不为结束符,一直++
//读入所有的选手成绩
while (!feof(file))
{
fscanf(file, "%s", &name);
fscanf(file, "%d\t", &sex);
fscanf(file, "%s\t", &college);
fscanf(file, "%s\t", &item);
fscanf(file, "%d\t", &rank);
fscanf(file, "%d\n", &score);
set_data(mylist, score, rank, sex, name, college, item);
}
fclose(file);
//读取学院名字和项目名字
file = NULL;
file = fopen("colleges_items.txt", "r");
if (file == NULL)
{
printf("文件读取失败请初始化!\n");
exit(0);
}
while (!feof(file))
{
fscanf(file, "%d\t", &colleges_num);
fscanf(file, "%d\t", &item_num);
for (i = 0; i < colleges_num; i++)
{
fscanf(file, "%s\t", &colleges[i]);
}
for (i = 0; i < colleges_num; i++)
{
fscanf(file, "%s\t", &items[i]);
}
}
fclose(file);
}
//学院分数
void college_score(LinkList mylist, char colleges[][20], int colleges_num)
{
int score[N] = {0}; //
int i;
LinkList list;
Node *p = NULL;
//计算每个学院的分数
init(list);
for (i = 0; i < colleges_num; i++)
{
p = mylist->next;
while (p != NULL)
{
if (strcmp(colleges[i], p->college) == 0)
{
score[i] += p->score;
}
p = p->next;
}
}
//按分数大小建立一个链表
for (i = 0; i < colleges_num; i++)
{
Insert(list, score[i], 0, 0, "", colleges[i], "");
}
//打印学院成绩
p = NULL;
p = list->next;
while (p != NULL)
{
printf("%s学院得分为%8d\n", p->college, p->score);
p = p->next;
}
free_link(list);
}
//释放链表
void free_link(LinkList &mylist)
{
Node *p = NULL, *q = NULL;
p = mylist->next;
//链表为空直接返回
if (p == NULL)
{
free(mylist);
return;
}
while (p != NULL)
{
q = p;
p = p->next;
free(q);
}
free(mylist);
}
//按男女统计得分
void sex_score(LinkList mylist, char colleges[][20], int colleges_num)
{
LinkList man_score, woman_score;
init(man_score);
init(woman_score);
int i;
for (i = 0; i < colleges_num; i++)
{
int a[N] = {0};
Node *p = mylist->next;
LinkList man, womon;
init(man);
init(womon);
while (p != NULL)
{ //统计某学院男生,女生成绩
if (strcmp(colleges[i], p->college) == 0 && p->sex == 0)
{
Insert(womon, p->score, p->rank, p->sex, p->name, p->college, p->item);
}
if (strcmp(colleges[i], p->college) == 0 && p->sex == 1)
{
Insert(man, p->score, p->rank, p->sex, p->name, p->college, p->item);
}
p = p->next;
}
p = man->next;
while (p != NULL)
{
a[i] += p->score;
p = p->next;
}
Insert(man_score, a[i], 0, 0, "", colleges[i], "");
p = NULL;
a[i] = 0;
p = womon->next;
while (p != NULL)
{
a[i] += p->score;
p = p->next;
}
Insert(woman_score, a[i], 0, 0, "", colleges[i], "");
free_link(man);
free_link(womon);
}
Node *q;
q = man_score->next;
printf("学院男生团体的前八名为\n");
while (q != NULL)
{
printf("%s男生团体得分为: %d\n", q->college, q->score);
q = q->next;
}
q = NULL;
q = woman_score->next;
printf("学院女生团体的前八名为\n");
while (q != NULL)
{
printf("%s女生团体得分为: %d\n", q->college, q->score);
q = q->next;
}
free_link(man_score);
free_link(woman_score);
}
//查询某学院某个项目获奖情况
void college_item(LinkList mylist)
{
char item[20], college[20];
printf("请输入您要查询的学院名:\n");
scanf("%s", &college);
printf("请输入您要查询的项目名:\n");
scanf("%s", &item);
Node *p = mylist->next;
while (p != NULL)
{
if (strcmp(college, p->college) == 0 && strcmp(item, p->item) == 0)
{
print(p);
}
p = p->next;
}
}
//查询选手成绩
void query_name(LinkList mylist)
{
char name[20];
printf("请输入您要查询的选手姓名:\n");
scanf("%s", &name);
Node *p = mylist->next;
while (p != NULL)
{
if (strcmp(name, p->name) == 0)
{
print(p);
}
p = p->next;
}
}
// 按大小顺序插入建立一个链表
void Insert(LinkList &head, int score, int rank, int sex, char name[], char college[], char item[])
{
LinkNode *p = head->next, *s = NULL;
LinkNode *q = head;
//如果链表为空,则做初始化链表
if (p == NULL)
{
s = (LinkNode *)malloc(sizeof(LinkNode));
assert(s != NULL);
s->score = score;
s->rank = rank;
s->sex = sex;
strcpy(s->name, name);
strcpy(s->college, college);
strcpy(s->item, item);
s->next = NULL;
head->next = s;
}
else
{
while (p != NULL && score <= p->score)
{
q = p;
p = p->next;
}
s = (LinkNode *)malloc(sizeof(LinkNode));
assert(s != NULL);
s->score = score;
s->rank = rank;
s->sex = sex;
strcpy(s->name, name);
strcpy(s->college, college);
strcpy(s->item, item);
s->next = p;
q->next = s;
}
}
//查询项目得分情况
void query_item(LinkList mylist)
{
char item[20];
LinkList head;
init(head);
printf("请输入您要查询的项目名:\n");
scanf("%s", &item);
Node *p = mylist->next;
while (p != NULL)
{
if (strcmp(item, p->item) == 0)
{
Insert(head, p->score, p->rank, p->sex, p->name, p->college, p->item);
}
p = p->next;
}
p = head->next;
printf("%s项目前八名为\n", item);
while (p != NULL)
{
print(p);
p = p->next;
}
}
//打印指针内的数据
void print(Node *p)
{
printf("\n\n\n\n");
printf("*************************\n");
printf("姓名为 ");
printf("%s\n", p->name);
printf("性别为 ");
printf("%d\n", p->sex);
printf("学院为 ");
printf("%s\n", p->college);
printf("项目为 ");
printf("%s\n", p->item);
printf("名次为 ");
printf("%d\n", p->rank);
printf("分数为 ");
printf("%d\n", p->score);
}
- main.cpp
#include "sports.h"
int contrast(char password[]) //密码校对函数
{
static char key[10]="123456789";
if(strcmp(password,key)==0) //比较输入字符和系统设定的密码是否相同
return 1;
else
return 0;
}
void Login()//自定义登录函数
{
char a;
printf("\n");
printf("===================欢迎进入校运会管理系统==================\n");
printf("* 作者:王恒杰 班级: xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx 学号:xxxxxxxxxxx \n");
printf("***************************************************************\n");
printf("********************输入密码登陆请按回车键*********************\n");
printf("***************************************************************\n");
scanf("%c",&a);
if(a=='\n')
{
char password[10];
int count=0,s;
printf("您有三次输入机会!\n\n");
printf("请输入密码:\n");
scanf("%s",password);
s=contrast(password);//调用密码校对函数
if(s==1)
{
system("CLS");
Sleep(500);
printf("\n 密码正确!!\n\n");
system("color 3f");
printf("********************************************************\n");
printf("******************欢迎进入操作界面**********************\n");
printf("********************************************************\n");
printf("*********************请录入信息*************************\n\n\n");
}
if(s==0)
{
count++;
while(count!=3)
{
printf("密码错误,请再次输入密码:\n");
scanf("%s",password);
s=contrast(password);
if(s==1)
{
system("CLS");
Sleep(500);
printf("\n 密码正确!\n\n");
system("color 3f");
printf("********************************************************\n");
printf("**********************欢迎进入**************************\n");
printf("********************************************************\n");
printf("*********************请录入信息*************************\n\n\n");
return ;//??????????????????
}
if(s==0) count++;
}
if(count==3) printf("你已经错误输入3次,系统退出!\n");
exit(0);
}
}
else
exit(1);
}
//主页面
int main()
{
system("color 0a");/*两个16进制参数控制颜色,可以调节,想知道参数对应的颜色的
话加一个数字后点击运行。注意两个数字一样时体验可能不好*/
Login();//调用登录函数
LinkList mylist; //选手数据链表
init(mylist);
int college_num=0; //学院数量
int item_num=0; //项目数量
char colleges[N][20]={'\0'}; //学院
char items[N][20]={'\0'}; //运动会项目
int select=0;
while (true)
{
printf("********************************************************\n");
printf("===================校运会管理系统==================\n");
printf("[1]初始化程序 [2]读取数据 \n");
printf("[3]打印数据 [4]保存数据 \n");
printf("[5]统计学院的总分 [6]男女团体总分 \n");
printf("[7]查询学院项目 [8]查找选手 \n");
printf("[9]查询项目获奖 \n");
printf("[0]退出系统 \n");
printf("*********************************************************\n");
printf("请选择: >\n");
scanf("%d", &select);
switch (select)
{
case 1:
{
input(mylist,college_num,item_num,colleges,items);
break;
}
case 2:
read(mylist,colleges,college_num,items,item_num);
show(mylist);
break;
case 3:
show(mylist);
break;
case 4:
save(mylist,colleges,college_num,items,item_num);
break;
case 5:
college_score(mylist,colleges,college_num);
break;
case 6:
sex_score(mylist,colleges,college_num);
break;
case 7:
college_item(mylist);
break;
case 8:
query_name(mylist);
break;
case 9:
query_item(mylist);
break;
case 0:
free_link(mylist);
return 0;
default:
printf("输入的数据有误,请重新输入\n");
break;
}
}
}
- sports.h
#include<stdio.h>//标准输入输出头文件
#include<stdlib.h>//标准库头文件,含system、exit函数
#include<string.h>//字符串处理头文件
#include <time.h>//日期和时间头文件
#include<windows.h>//延迟函数Sleep的头文件
#include <assert.h>
#include <malloc.h>
#define N 10
typedef int ElemType;
typedef struct Node
{
ElemType score; //这是分 数
ElemType rank; //排名
ElemType sex; //性别
char name[20]; //姓名
char college[20]; //学院
char item[20]; //项目
struct Node *next;
} LinkNode, *LinkList;
void init(LinkList &mylist);
int get_score(int rank);
void input(LinkList &mylist, int &college_num, int &item_num, char colleges[][20], char items[][20]);
void set_data(LinkList &mylist, int score, int rank, int sex, char name[], char college[], char item[]);
void show(LinkList mylist);
void save(LinkList mylist, char colleges[][20], int colleges_num, char items[][20], int item_num);
void read(LinkList mylist, char colleges[][20], int &colleges_num, char items[][20], int &item_num);
void college_score(LinkList mylist, char colleges[][20], int colleges_num);
void selectsort(int R[], int n);
void sex_score(LinkList mylist, char colleges[][20], int colleges_num);
void college_item(LinkList mylist);
void query_name(LinkList mylist);
void query_item(LinkList mylist);
void Insert(LinkList &head, int score, int rank, int sex, char name[], char college[], char item[]);
void print(Node *p);
void free_link(LinkList &mylist);
- 按1初始化页面
先定义学院,再定义项目
然后定义选手姓名
需要有16个人,这是可以查学院里面学生的信息