unbuntu18.04.5安装nodejs 12

首先更换apt源，这里选用阿里的

ubuntu 16.04 配置如下

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial main
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial main

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial universe
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial universe
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates universe
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates universe

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security main
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security main
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security universe
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security universe

ubuntu 18.04(bionic) 配置如下

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse

ubuntu 20.04(focal) 配置如下

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse

保存后，接下来继续操作

$ cd /etc/apt
$ sudo cp sources.list  sources.list.bak, 备份原来的自带的源
$ sudo vi  /etc/apt/sources.list, 将上面的源挑选一个黏贴进文本，保存
$ sudo apt-get update

然后再执行以下命令

$ sudo apt -y install curl dirmngr apt-transport-https lsb-release ca-certificates

  如果想安装10.x就把setup_12.x换成setup_10.x，以此类推
$ sudo curl -sL https://deb.nodesource.com/setup_12.x | sudo -E bash -

$ sudo apt-get install -y nodejs

完成之后检验

$ node -v
$ npm -v
看看上面这两个命令有没有，如果没有的话，做个软链接，如果有就不要做了
$ sudo ln -s /usr/bin/node /usr/local/bin/node
$ sudo ln -s /usr/bin/npm /usr/local/bin/npm

用npm安装cnpm 
$ npm install cnpm -g --registry=https://registry.npm.taobao.org
设置registry 
$ npm config set registry https://registry.npm.taobao.org
读取registry 
$ npm config get registry

下面是卸载nodejs的方法

$ sudo apt remove nodejs
$ sudo apt purge nodejs
$ sudo apt autoremove