Hibernate之主键生成策略

Hibernate之主键生成策略

1. hibernate的主键生成器:
   generator元素：表示了一个主键生成器，它用来为持久化类实例生成唯一的标识 。

1.1 程序员自己控制：assigned

1.2 数据库控制: identity(标识列/自动增长) sequence

1.3 hibernate控制:increment uuid/uuid.hex

1.4 其它:native

公司名_模块名_时间戳

student id int
worker id varchar
2. 主键生成器要求
2.1 assigned
数据类型不限、保存前必须赋值

2.2 identity(重点掌握)
数字，无需赋值

2.3 sequence(重点掌握)
数字，无需赋值， 默认使hibernate_sequence这个序列，
也可以通过sequence/sequence_name参数赋值

2.4 increment
数字，无需赋值

2.5 uuid/uuid.hex (是由容器自动生成的一个32位的字符串，.hex代表的是十六进制)
32位的字符串，无需赋值，

2.6 native(重点掌握)
等于identity+sequence

3. 自定义主键生成器
   3.1 *.hbm.xml指定主键生成器类
   

导入工具类：SessionFactoryUtils.java：

package com.lx.two.util;

import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;

public class SessionFactoryUtils {
	private static SessionFactory sessionFactory;
	static {
		Configuration cfg = new Configuration().configure("hibernate.cfg.xml");
		sessionFactory = cfg.buildSessionFactory();
	}
	
	public static Session openSession() {
		Session session = sessionFactory.getCurrentSession();
		if(session == null) {
			session = sessionFactory.openSession();
		}
		return session;
	}
	
	public static void closeSession() {
		Session session = sessionFactory.getCurrentSession();
		if(session != null && session.isOpen()) {
			session.close();
		}
	}
	
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		Session session = SessionFactoryUtils.openSession();
		session.beginTransaction();
		System.out.println(session.isConnected());
		SessionFactoryUtils.closeSession();
		System.out.println(session.isConnected());
	}
}

实体类 Student.java：

package com.lx.two.entity;

public class Student {
	private Integer sid;
	private String sname;

	public Integer getSid() {
		return sid;
	}

	public void setSid(Integer sid) {
		this.sid = sid;
	}

	public String getSname() {
		return sname;
	}

	public void setSname(String sname) {
		this.sname = sname;
	}

	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "Student [sid=" + sid + ", sname=" + sname + "]";
	}

}

Worker.java：

package com.lx.two.entity;

public class Worker {
	private String wid;
	private String wname;

	public String getWid() {
		return wid;
	}

	public void setWid(String wid) {
		this.wid = wid;
	}

	public String getWname() {
		return wname;
	}

	public void setWname(String wname) {
		this.wname = wname;
	}

	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "Worker [wid=" + wid + ", wname=" + wname + "]";
	}

}

再添加一个配置文件Student.hbm.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC 
    "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
    "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping>
	<class name="com.lx.two.entity.Student" table="t_hibernate_student">
		<id name="sid" type="java.lang.Integer" column="sid">
			<!-- <generator class="assigned" /> -->
             <generator class="increment" />
			<!-- <generator class="sequence" /> -->
			<!-- <generator class="sequence" > <param name="sequence_name">aaa</param> 
				</generator> -->
			<!-- <generator class="com.lx.two.id.Myts" /> -->
		</id>
		<property name="sname" type="java.lang.String" column="sname">
		</property>
	</class>
</hibernate-mapping>

再添加一个配置文件Worker.hbm.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC 
    "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
    "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping>
	<class name="com.lx.two.entity.Worker" table="t_hibernate_worker">
		<id name="wid" type="java.lang.String" column="wid">
			<generator class="uuid" />
			<!-- <generator class="assigned" /> -->
			<!-- <generator class="sequence" /> -->
			<!-- <generator class="sequence" > <param name="sequence_name">aaa</param> 
				</generator> -->
			<!-- <generator class="com.lx.two.id.Myts" /> -->
		</id>

		<property name="wname" type="java.lang.String" column="wname">
		</property>
	</class>
</hibernate-mapping>

在hibernate.cfg.xml中配置一下：

	<!-- 主键生成策略 -->
		<mapping resource="com/lx/two/entity/Student.hbm.xml"/>
		<mapping resource="com/lx/two/entity/Worker.hbm.xml"/>

DemoDao.java：

package com.lx.two.util;

import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;

public class SessionFactoryUtils {
	private static SessionFactory sessionFactory;
	static {
		Configuration cfg = new Configuration().configure("hibernate.cfg.xml");
		sessionFactory = cfg.buildSessionFactory();
	}
	
	public static Session openSession() {
		Session session = sessionFactory.getCurrentSession();
		if(session == null) {
			session = sessionFactory.openSession();
		}
		return session;
	}
	
	public static void closeSession() {
		Session session = sessionFactory.getCurrentSession();
		if(session != null && session.isOpen()) {
			session.close();
		}
	}
	
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		Session session = SessionFactoryUtils.openSession();
		session.beginTransaction();
		System.out.println(session.isConnected());
		SessionFactoryUtils.closeSession();
		System.out.println(session.isConnected());
	}
}

id生成器Myts.java：

package com.lx.two.id;

import java.io.Serializable;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;

import org.hibernate.HibernateException;
import org.hibernate.engine.spi.SharedSessionContractImplementor;
import org.hibernate.id.IdentifierGenerator;

public class Myts implements IdentifierGenerator {

	@Override
	public Serializable generate(SharedSessionContractImplementor session, Object object) throws HibernateException {
		SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
		return "book_category_"+sdf.format(new Date());
	}

}

测试类DemoDaoTest.java：

package com.lx.two.dao;

import static org.junit.Assert.*;

import java.io.Serializable;

import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;

import com.lx.two.entity.Student;
import com.lx.two.entity.Worker;

public class DemoDaoTest {
private DemoDao demoDao=new DemoDao();
	@Before
	public void setUp() throws Exception {
		
//		System.out.println("测试所有要测试的方法之后都会执行的内容(一般用来初始化数据所用)");
	}

	@After
	public void tearDown() throws Exception {
//		System.out.println("测试所有要测试的方法之后都会执行的内容(一般用来释放资源所用)");
	}

	@Test
	public void testAddStu() {
		Student stu = new Student();
		stu.setSname("基佬3");
		stu.setSid(84);
		demoDao.addStu(stu);
	}

	@Test
	public void testAddWorker() {
		Worker worker = new Worker();
		worker.setWname("百合21");
		worker.setWid("隔壁老王");
		Serializable wid = demoDao.addWorker(worker);
		System.out.println(wid);
	}

}