JWT使用

1.1 安装jwt模块并创建用户APP

# 安装： pip install djangorestframework-jwt
# 添加应用：python manage.py users

1.2 配置settings.py

########### 1、在INSTALLED_APPS中加入'rest_framework.authtoken', #################
INSTALLED_APPS = [
    '''
    'rest_framework.authtoken', 
    '''
]

################### 2、配置jwt验证 ######################
REST_FRAMEWORK = {
    # 身份认证
    'DEFAULT_AUTHENTICATION_CLASSES': (
        'rest_framework_jwt.authentication.JSONWebTokenAuthentication',
        'rest_framework.authentication.SessionAuthentication',
        'rest_framework.authentication.BasicAuthentication',
    ),
}

import datetime

JWT_AUTH = {
    'JWT_AUTH_HEADER_PREFIX': 'JWT',
    'JWT_EXPIRATION_DELTA': datetime.timedelta(days=1),
}
AUTH_USER_MODEL='users.User'  # 指定使用users APP中的 model User进行验证

1.3 users/models.py 添加用户认证的User表

from django.db import models
from django.contrib.auth.models import AbstractUser


class User(AbstractUser):
    username = models.CharField(max_length=64, unique=True)
    password = models.CharField(max_length=64)
    phone = models.CharField(max_length=64)
    token = models.CharField(max_length=255)

1.4 users/serializers.py 使用Serializer的create方法创建token

#! /usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from rest_framework_jwt.settings import api_settings
from rest_framework import serializers
from users.models import User

class UserSerializer(serializers.Serializer):
    username = serializers.CharField()
    password = serializers.CharField()
    phone = serializers.CharField()
    token = serializers.CharField(read_only=True)

    def create(self, data):
        user = User.objects.create(**data)
        user.set_password(data.get('password'))
        user.save()
        # 补充生成记录登录状态的token
        jwt_payload_handler = api_settings.JWT_PAYLOAD_HANDLER
        jwt_encode_handler = api_settings.JWT_ENCODE_HANDLER
        payload = jwt_payload_handler(user)
        token = jwt_encode_handler(payload)
        user.token = token
        return user

1.5 urls.py

from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path,re_path,include
from users import views
from rest_framework_jwt.views import obtain_jwt_token  # 验证密码后返回token

urlpatterns = [
    path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
    path('register/', views.RegisterView.as_view(), name='register'),  # 注册用户
    path('login/', obtain_jwt_token,name='login'),  # 用户登录后返回token
    path('user/list/', views.UserList.as_view(), name='register'),  # 测试需要携带token才能访问
]

1.6 users/views.py

import json
from rest_framework.views import APIView
from rest_framework.views import Response
from rest_framework.permissions import IsAuthenticated
from rest_framework_jwt.authentication import JSONWebTokenAuthentication
from users.serializers import UserSerializer

# 用户注册
class RegisterView(APIView):
    def post(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        serializer = UserSerializer(data=request.data)
        if serializer.is_valid():
            serializer.save()
            return Response(serializer.data, status=201)
        return Response(serializer.error, status=400)

# 测试必须携带token才能访问接口
class UserList(APIView):
    permission_classes = [IsAuthenticated]  # 接口中加权限
    authentication_classes = [JSONWebTokenAuthentication]

    def get(self,request, *args, **kwargs):
        print(request.META.get('HTTP_AUTHORIZATION', None))
        return Response({'name':'zhangsan'})
    def post(self,request, *args, **kwargs):
        return Response({'name':'zhangsan'})