python单例模式管理全局线程池

import threading
from concurrent.futures import ThreadPoolExecutor, Future
from typing import Callable, Any, Optional

class ThreadManager:
    _instance = None
    _lock = threading.Lock()

    def __new__(cls):
        if cls._instance is None:
            with cls._lock:
                if cls._instance is None:
                    cls._instance = super(ThreadManager, cls).__new__(cls)
                    cls._instance.executor = ThreadPoolExecutor()
        return cls._instance

    def submit_task(self, func: Callable, *args, **kwargs) -> Future:
        """
        提交任务到线程池。
        
        :param func: 要执行的函数
        :param args: 函数的位置参数
        :param kwargs: 函数的关键字参数
        :return: 返回一个Future对象，可以用来获取任务结果
        """
        return self.executor.submit(func, *args, **kwargs)

    def shutdown(self, wait: bool = True):
        """
        关闭线程池，释放资源。
        
        :param wait: 是否等待正在执行的任务完成
        """
        self.executor.shutdown(wait)

# 示例使用
def task_to_run(x):
    return x * x

# 获取单例实例
manager = ThreadManager()

# 提交任务
future = manager.submit_task(task_to_run, 10)

# 获取任务结果
print("Task result:", future.result())

# 关闭线程池
manager.shutdown()