程序员代码面试指南刷题--第九章.有关阶乘的两个问题1

题目描述

给定一个非负整数N，返回N!结果的末尾为0的数量

输入描述:

第一行一个整数N。

输出描述:

输出一个整数表示N!的末尾0的数量。

示例1
输入
3

输出
0

说明

3! = 6

示例2
输入
5

输出
1

说明

5! = 120

解法一：循环超时

import java.io.*;
public class Main{
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException{
        BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
        long num = Long.parseLong(br.readLine());
        long result = fun(num);
        System.out.println(result);
    }
    public static long fun(long num){
        long result = 1;
        long count = 0;
        for(long i=1;i<=num;i++){
            result *= i;
            if(result%10==0){
                count++;
                result /= 10;
            } 
        }
        return count;
    }
}

解法二：求5的数目依然超时

import java.io.*;
public class Main{
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException{
        BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
        long num = Long.parseLong(br.readLine());
        long result = fun(num);
        System.out.println(result);
    }
    public static long fun(long num){
        long count = 0;
        long cur = 0;
        for(long i=5;i<=num;i+=5){
            cur = i;
            while(cur%5==0){
                count++;
                cur /= 5;
            }
        }
         return count;
    }    
}

解法三：最优解

思路： 最终落脚点还是求5的个数

import java.io.*;
public class Main{
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException{
        BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
        long num = Long.parseLong(br.readLine());
        long result = fun(num);
        System.out.println(result);
    }
    public static long fun(long num){
        long count = 0;
        while(num>0){
            count += num/5;
            num /= 5;
        }
        
         return count;
    }    
}