下面一段代码,删除列表中不符合条件的元素:
删除列表中小于5的元素
a = [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8]
for i in a:
if i>5:
pass
else:
a.remove(i)
print(a)
# 该代码的输出值
[2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8]
[2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8]
[2, 4, 6, 7, 8]
[2, 4, 6, 7, 8]
[2, 4, 6, 7, 8]
错误的原因:因为这样删除元素后,整个列表的元素都会向前移动,也就是原来的列表中的元素位置都改变了,而i已经确定,那么下一次遍历的元素与预期的不一致,所以就导致最终结果错误。
错误的过程:
i = 1 a = [2,3,4,5,6,7,8,]
i = 3 a = [2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8]
i = 5 a = [2, 4, 6, 7, 8]
i = 7 a = [2, 4, 6, 7, 8]
i = 8 a = [2, 4, 6, 7, 8]
解决方法:可以倒序删除
a = [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8]
for i in range(len(a)-1,-1,-1):
if a[i]>5:
pass
else:
a.remove(a[i])
# 答案:
[6, 7, 8]