MyBatis是什么?(重点)
- mybatis是半ORM框架,内部封装了jdbc,使我们开发时只需要关注sql语句本身,无需关注驱动加载,连接创建,statement创建等繁琐过程,编写原生态的sql语句,严格控制sql语句的执行性能,支持动态sql语句。
- mybatis通过配置文件或者注解来配置和映射原生信息,将pojo(java实体类)映射到数据库记录中,避免了通过jdbc手动设置参数以及获取结果集。
- mybatis通过配置文件或者注解将要执行的statement封装起来,将java实体类和statement中sql的动态参数进行映射生成最终的sql语句,由mybatis框架执行,并将结果映射java对象返回。
MyBatis和Hibernate和JDBC的区别(重点)
- mybatis操作简单,容易上手,代码量少,将业务逻辑代码和sql语句完全分离,数据库可以切换,缺点就是sql语句需要自己编写且参数只有一个。
- hibernate进行了对象关系数据库映射,完全面向对象,提供缓存机制和HQL编程,缺点就是无法灵活的使用sql语句且无法优化sql语句,全表映射效率低下和存在N+1问题。
- jdbc运行高效速度快,但是代码编写繁琐复杂,切换数据库麻烦。
MyBatis的核心组件有哪些?
mybatis的核心组件包括:sqlsessionfactorybuilder、sqlsessionfactory、sqlsession、mapper
- sqlsessionfactorybuilder:是一个构造器(相当于包工头),调用builder()传入配置文件的
字节输入流
,得到sqlsessionfactory,它的生命周期一般在方法的局部,用完即回收
SqlSessionFactory sqlsessionfactory =new sqlsessionfactorybuilder().builder(inputstream)
- sqlsessionfactory:得到sqlsessionfactory之后,调用opensession()得到sqlsession,也就是创建了一个sql会话,每次访问数据库的时候度需要使用到sqlsession,所以sqlsessionfactory在mybatis应用的整个生命周期中,为了减少每次创建会话带来的资源消耗,一般使用单例模式创建sqlsession
SqlSession sqlsession = sqlsessionfactory.opensession()
- sqlsession:sqlsession就是一个会话,相当于connection,既可以执行sql也可以调用getMapper()得到mapper接口(代理对象),sqlsession是线程不安全的,每次创建完sqlsession必须及时关闭,否则会影响系统性能。
#执行sql语句
Role role = (Role)sqlSession.select("com.mybatis.mapper.RoleMapper.getRole",1L);
#得到mapper接口(代理对象)
IUserMapper userMapper=sqlsession.getMapper(IUserMapper.class)
- mapper:mapper由接口和配置文件或者注解组成,给出了sql语句和映射规则,主要负责发送sql语句去执行并返回结果。
MyBatis的Dao接口的工作原理有了解吗?(了解)
dao接口又叫mapper接口, 接口的全限定类名就是配置文件中的namespace值,接口的方法名就是配置文件中的id值,dao接口并没有实现类。
mapper接口的工作原理是JDK的动态代理,mybatis运行时会使用jdk动态代理为mapper接口生成对象,代理对象会拦截接口的方法,转而执行MapperStatement所代表的的sql,然后将执行结果返回
面试官:Dao接口中的方法可以重载吗?(掌握)
不可以重载的,因为它使用的是接口的全限定类名+方法名保存和寻找策略,如果重载了,mybatis无法通过接口的全限定类名+方法名找到对应的mapperstatement
面试官:不同的映射文件xml中的id值可以重复吗?(重点)
如果有namespace值,id值可以重复
如果没有namespace值,id值不能重复,否则mybatis无法通过接口的全限定类名+方法名找到对应的mapperstatement
mybatis中的缓存(重点)
- 什么是缓存?
存在于内存中的临时数据 - 为什么使用缓存?
减少和数据库交互的次数,提高程序执行效率 - 什么样的数据适合用缓存?什么样的数据不适合用缓存呢?
适合用缓存:
经常使用的数据,不怎么发生变化的数据
数据的正确与否对最终结果影响不大
不适合用缓存:
经常发生变化的数据,使用比较少的数据
数据的正确与否对最终结果影响很大
mybatis中的一级缓存和二级缓存(重点)
- 一级缓存
sqlsession对象中的缓存,当执行select操作,数据被缓存起来以备下次使用,当执行insert()、delete()、update()、commit()、close()后缓存清空。 - 二级缓存
sqlsessionfactory对象的缓存,由同一个sqlsessionfactory对象创建的sqlsession共享其缓存。
二级缓存使用步骤:
1.让mybatis框架支持二级缓存,在sqlmapconfig.xml中配置
2.让当前的映射配置文件支持二级缓存,在IUserDao.xml中配置
3.让当前的操作支持二级缓存,在select标签中配置
三层架构
表现层:用于数据展示的------springmvc
业务层:处理业务逻辑的------spring
持久层:和数据库进行交互的------mybatis
结构图:
持久层技术解决方案
- JDBC技术:
注册驱动、获取连接、得到操作数据库的预声明对象PreparedStatement - Spring的JdbcTemplate
- Apache的DBUtils
ORM(Object Relational Mapping)对象关系映射
把java实体类映射成数据库表对,让我们可以操作实体类等于操作数据库表
映射配置文件的前缀
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.itheima.dao.IUserDao">
</mapper>
注意事项:
1.namespace是对应接口的全限定类名
2.实际开发中用映射配置文件xml代替持久层中接口的实现类,如:它代替IUserDao接口的实现类
其他配置文件前缀
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
Mybatis入门程序
使用xml配置文件方法
连接数据库配置文件:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<!-- mybatis的主配置文件 -->
<configuration>
<!-- 配置环境 -->
<environments default="mysql">
<!-- 配置mysql的环境-->
<environment id="mysql">
<!-- 配置事务的类型-->
<transactionManager type="JDBC"></transactionManager>
<!-- 配置数据源(连接池) -->
<dataSource type="POOLED">
<!-- 配置连接数据库的4个基本信息 -->
<property name="driver" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/eesy_mybatis"/>
<property name="username" value="root"/>
<property name="password" value="1234"/>
</dataSource>
</environment>
</environments>
<!-- 指定映射配置文件的位置,映射配置文件指的是每个dao独立的配置文件 -->
<mappers>
<mapper resource="com/itheima/dao/IUserDao.xml"/>
</mappers>
</configuration>
接口:
public interface IUserDao {
List<User> findAll();
}
实体类:
public class User implements Serializable{
private Integer id;
private String username;
private Date birthday;
private String sex;
private String address;
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getUsername() {
return username;
}
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
public Date getBirthday() {
return birthday;
}
public void setBirthday(Date birthday) {
this.birthday = birthday;
}
public String getSex() {
return sex;
}
public void setSex(String sex) {
this.sex = sex;
}
public String getAddress() {
return address;
}
public void setAddress(String address) {
this.address = address;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "User{" +
"id=" + id +
", username='" + username + '\'' +
", birthday=" + birthday +
", sex='" + sex + '\'' +
", address='" + address + '\'' +
'}';
}
}
映射配置文件:
id指接口中的方法,resultType指返回类型
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.itheima.dao.IUserDao">
<!--配置查询所有-->
<select id="findAll" resultType="com.itheima.domain.User">
select * from user
</select>
</mapper>
测试方法:
步骤:
1.读取配置文件
2.创建SqlSessionFactory工厂
3.使用工厂创建SqlSession操作对象
4.使用操作对象生成代理对象
5.用代理对象操作数据库
6.释放资源
public static void main(String[] args)throws Exception {
//1.读取配置文件
InputStream in = Resources.getResourceAsStream("SqlMapConfig.xml");
//2.创建SqlSessionFactory工厂
SqlSessionFactoryBuilder builder = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder();
SqlSessionFactory factory = builder.build(in);
//3.使用工厂生产SqlSession对象
SqlSession session = factory.openSession();
//4.使用SqlSession创建Dao接口的代理对象
IUserDao userDao = session.getMapper(IUserDao.class);
//5.使用代理对象执行方法
List<User> users = userDao.findAll();
for(User user : users){
System.out.println(user);
}
//6.释放资源
session.close();
in.close();
}
运行结果:
使用注解方式
1.使用注解方式的话,删除映射配置文件xml,在sqlmapconfig.xml中的mapper标签中将resource属性换成class,指定接口的全限定类名。
2.在接口方法上使用@Select注解,编写sql语句
连接数据库配置文件:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<!-- mybatis的主配置文件 -->
<configuration>
<!-- 配置环境 -->
<environments default="mysql">
<!-- 配置mysql的环境-->
<environment id="mysql">
<!-- 配置事务的类型-->
<transactionManager type="JDBC"></transactionManager>
<!-- 配置数据源(连接池) -->
<dataSource type="POOLED">
<!-- 配置连接数据库的4个基本信息 -->
<property name="driver" value="com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver"/>
<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mydb3?serverTimezone=GMT%2B8&characterEncoding=utf-8&useSSL=false"/>
<property name="username" value="root"/>
<property name="password" value="636895"/>
</dataSource>
</environment>
</environments>
<!--如果是用注解来配置的话,此处应该使用class属性指定被注解的dao全限定类名-->
<mappers>
<mapper class="com.itheima.dao.IUserDao"/>
</mappers>
</configuration>
接口:
public interface IUserDao {
@Select("select * from user")
List<User> findAll();
}
运行结果:
mybatis入门案例设计模式分析
mybatis基于xml的CRUD操作
@Before注解:在测试方法执行之前执行
@After注解:在测试方法执行之后执行
@Test注解:测试方法
接口:
public interface IUserDao {
/**
* 查询所有用户
* @return
*/
List<User> findAll();
/**
* 保存用户
* @param user
*/
void saveUser(User user);
/**
* 更新用户
* @param user
*/
void updateUser(User user);
/**
* 根据Id删除用户
* @param userId
*/
void deleteUser(Integer userId);
}
实体类:
public class User implements Serializable {
private Integer userId;
private String userName;
private String userAddress;
private String userSex;
private Date userBirthday;
public Integer getUserId() {
return userId;
}
public void setUserId(Integer userId) {
this.userId = userId;
}
public String getUserName() {
return userName;
}
public void setUserName(String userName) {
this.userName = userName;
}
public String getUserAddress() {
return userAddress;
}
public void setUserAddress(String userAddress) {
this.userAddress = userAddress;
}
public String getUserSex() {
return userSex;
}
public void setUserSex(String userSex) {
this.userSex = userSex;
}
public Date getUserBirthday() {
return userBirthday;
}
public void setUserBirthday(Date userBirthday) {
this.userBirthday = userBirthday;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "User{" +
"userId=" + userId +
", userName='" + userName + '\'' +
", userAddress='" + userAddress + '\'' +
", userSex='" + userSex + '\'' +
", userBirthday=" + userBirthday +
'}';
}
}
数据库配置文件:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
<!--配置环境-->
<environments default="mysql">
<!-- 配置mysql的环境-->
<environment id="mysql">
<!-- 配置事务 -->
<transactionManager type="JDBC"></transactionManager>
<!--配置连接池-->
<dataSource type="POOLED">
<property name="driver" value="com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver"></property>
<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mydb3?serverTimezone=GMT%2B8&characterEncoding=utf-8&useSSL=false"></property>
<property name="username" value="root"></property>
<property name="password" value="636895"></property>
</dataSource>
</environment>
</environments>
<!-- 指定配置映射文件的位置 -->
<mappers>
<mapper resource="com/itheima/dao/IUserDao.xml"></mapper>
</mappers>
</configuration>
映射配置文件:
- id指接口中的方法,resultType指返回类型全限定类名
- parameterType指形参的全限定类名
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.itheima.dao.IUserDao">
<!-- 查询所有 -->
<select id="findAll" resultType="com.itheima.domain.User">
select * from user;
</select>
<!-- 保存用户 -->
<insert id="saveUser" parameterType="com.itheima.domain.User">
insert into user(username,address,sex,birthday)values(#{userName},#{userAddress},#{userSex},#{userBirthday});
</insert>
<!-- 更新用户 -->
<update id="updateUser" parameterType="com.itheima.domain.User">
update user set username=#{userName},address=#{userAddress},sex=#{userSex},birthday=#{userBirthday} where id=#{userId}
</update>
<!-- 删除用户-->
<delete id="deleteUser" parameterType="java.lang.Integer">
delete from user where id = #{uid}
</delete>
<!-- 根据id查询用户 -->
<select id="findById" parameterType="java.lang.Integer" resultType="com.itheima.domain.User">
select * from user where id = #{uid}
</select>
<!-- 根据名称模糊查询 -->
<select id="findByName" parameterType="java.lang.String" resultType="com.itheima.domain.User">
select * from user where username like #{name}
</select>
</mapper>
测试类:
public class MybatisTest {
private InputStream in;
private SqlSession sqlSession;
private IUserDao userDao;
@Before//用于在测试方法执行之前执行
public void init()throws Exception{
//1.读取配置文件,生成字节输入流
in = Resources.getResourceAsStream("SqlMapConfig.xml");
//2.获取SqlSessionFactory
SqlSessionFactory factory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(in);
//3.获取SqlSession对象
sqlSession = factory.openSession();
//4.获取dao的代理对象
userDao = sqlSession.getMapper(IUserDao.class);
}
@After//用于在测试方法执行之后执行
public void destroy()throws Exception{
//提交事务
sqlSession.commit();
//6.释放资源
sqlSession.close();
in.close();
}
/**
* 测试查询所有
*/
@Test
public void testFindAll(){
//5.执行查询所有方法
List<User> users = userDao.findAll();
for(User user : users){
System.out.println(user);
}
}
/**
* 测试保存操作
*/
@Test
public void testSave(){
User user = new User();
user.setUserName("modify User property");
user.setUserAddress("北京市顺义区");
user.setUserSex("男");
user.setUserBirthday(new Date());
System.out.println("保存操作之前:"+user);
//5.执行保存方法
userDao.saveUser(user);
System.out.println("保存操作之后:"+user);
}
/**
* 测试更新操作
*/
@Test
public void testUpdate(){
User user = new User();
user.setUserId(49);
user.setUserName("mybastis update user");
user.setUserAddress("北京市顺义区");
user.setUserSex("女");
user.setUserBirthday(new Date());
//5.执行保存方法
userDao.updateUser(user);
}
/**
* 测试删除操作
*/
@Test
public void testDelete(){
//5.执行删除方法
userDao.deleteUser(48);
}
/**
* 根据id查询用户
*/
@Test
public void testFindOne(){
//5.执行查询一个方法
User user = userDao.findById(49);
System.out.println(user);
}
/**
* 测试模糊查询操作
*/
@Test
public void testFindByName(){
//5.执行查询一个方法
List<User> users = userDao.findByName("%王%");
for(User user : users){
System.out.println(user);
}
}
获取插入数据的id
- keyProperty:
- keyColumn:
- order:AFTER/BEFORE在插入执行之后/之后执行
<!-- 保存用户 -->
<insert id="saveUser" parameterType="com.itheima.domain.User">
<!-- 配置插入操作后,获取插入数据的id -->
<selectKey keyProperty="userId" keyColumn="id" resultType="int" order="AFTER">
select last_insert_id();
</selectKey>
insert into user(username,address,sex,birthday)values(#{userName},#{userAddress},#{userSex},#{userBirthday});
</insert>
/**
* 测试保存操作
*/
@Test
public void testSave(){
User user = new User();
user.setUserName(" test_insert_id ");
user.setUserAddress("北京市顺义区");
user.setUserSex("男");
user.setUserBirthday(new Date());
System.out.println("保存操作之前:"+user);
//5.执行保存方法
userDao.saveUser(user);
System.out.println("保存操作之后:"+user);
}
运行结果:
使用实体类的包装对象作为查询条件
包装类:
public class QueryVo {
private User user;
public User getUser() {
return user;
}
public void setUser(User user) {
this.user = user;
}
}
接口:
/**
* 根据queryVo中的条件查询用户
* @param vo
* @return
*/
List<User> findUserByVo(QueryVo vo);
映射配置文件:
<!-- 根据queryVo的条件查询用户 -->
<select id="findUserByVo" parameterType="com.itheima.domain.QueryVo" resultType="userMap">
select * from user where username like #{user.username}
</select>
测试类:
@Test
public void testFindByVo(){
QueryVo vo = new QueryVo();
User user = new User();
user.setUserName("%王%");
vo.setUser(user);
//5.执行查询一个方法
List<User> users = userDao.findUserByVo(vo);
for(User u : users){
System.out.println(u);
}
}
运行结果:
解决实体类属性和数据库列名不对应
实体类与数据库对应关系:
映射配置文件:
<!-- 查询所有 -->
<select id="findAll" resultType="com.itheima.domain.User">
select * from user;
</select>
测试类:
/**
* 测试查询所有
*/
@Test
public void testFindAll(){
//5.执行查询所有方法
List<User> users = userDao.findAll();
for(User user : users){
System.out.println(user);
}
}
运行结果:
因为实体类属性和数据库列名不对应,导致无法封装。因为windows下mysql不区分大小写,所以只有username封装进行了。
解决办法:
方法1:加别名
将别名设置为实体类的属性
<select id="findAll" resultType="com.itheima.domain.User">
select id as userId,username as userName,address as userAddress,sex as userSex,birthday as userBirthday from user;
</select>
方式2:配置实体类属性和数据库列名对应关系
<resultMap id="userMap" type="com.itheima.domain.User">
<!-- 主键字段的对应 -->
<id property="userId" column="id"></id>
<!--非主键字段的对应-->
<result property="userName" column="username"></result>
<result property="userAddress" column="address"></result>
<result property="userSex" column="sex"></result>
<result property="userBirthday" column="birthday"></result>
</resultMap>
映射配置文件:
<!-- 查询所有 -->
<select id="findAll" resultMap="userMap">
select * from user;
</select>
接口:
/**
* 查询所有用户
* @return
*/
List<User> findAll();
测试类:
/**
* 测试查询所有
*/
@Test
public void testFindAll(){
//5.执行查询所有方法
List<User> users = userDao.findAll();
for(User user : users){
System.out.println(user);
}
}
运行结果:
mybatis中在dao层编写实现类(在dao层使用实现类代替xml和注解的方式)
实体类:
public class User implements Serializable {
private Integer id;
private String username;
private String address;
private String sex;
private Date birthday;
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getUsername() {
return username;
}
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
public String getAddress() {
return address;
}
public void setAddress(String address) {
this.address = address;
}
public String getSex() {
return sex;
}
public void setSex(String sex) {
this.sex = sex;
}
public Date getBirthday() {
return birthday;
}
public void setBirthday(Date birthday) {
this.birthday = birthday;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "User{" +
"id=" + id +
", username='" + username + '\'' +
", address='" + address + '\'' +
", sex='" + sex + '\'' +
", birthday=" + birthday +
'}';
}
}
接口:
public interface IUserDao {
/**
* 查询所有用户
* @return
*/
List<User> findAll();
/**
* 保存用户
* @param user
*/
void saveUser(User user);
/**
* 更新用户
* @param user
*/
void updateUser(User user);
/**
* 根据Id删除用户
* @param userId
*/
void deleteUser(Integer userId);
映射配置文件:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.itheima.dao.IUserDao">
<!-- 查询所有 -->
<select id="findAll" resultType="com.itheima.domain.User">
select * from user;
</select>
<!-- 保存用户 -->
<insert id="saveUser" parameterType="com.itheima.domain.User">
<!-- 配置插入操作后,获取插入数据的id -->
<selectKey keyProperty="id" keyColumn="id" resultType="int" order="AFTER">
select last_insert_id();
</selectKey>
insert into user(username,address,sex,birthday)values(#{username},#{address},#{sex},#{birthday});
</insert>
<!-- 更新用户 -->
<update id="updateUser" parameterType="com.itheima.domain.User">
update user set username=#{username},address=#{address},sex=#{sex},birthday=#{birthday} where id=#{id}
</update>
<!-- 删除用户-->
<delete id="deleteUser" parameterType="java.lang.Integer">
delete from user where id = #{uid}
</delete>
dao层实现类:
public class UserDaoImpl implements IUserDao {
private SqlSessionFactory factory;
public UserDaoImpl(SqlSessionFactory factory){
this.factory = factory;
}
@Override
public List<User> findAll() {
//1.根据factory获取SqlSession对象
SqlSession session = factory.openSession();
//2.调用SqlSession中的方法,实现查询列表
List<User> users = session.selectList("com.itheima.dao.IUserDao.findAll");//参数就是能获取配置信息的key
//3.释放资源
session.close();
return users;
}
@Override
public void saveUser(User user) {
//1.根据factory获取SqlSession对象
SqlSession session = factory.openSession();
//2.调用方法实现保存
session.insert("com.itheima.dao.IUserDao.saveUser",user);
//3.提交事务
session.commit();
//4.释放资源
session.close();
}
@Override
public void updateUser(User user) {
//1.根据factory获取SqlSession对象
SqlSession session = factory.openSession();
//2.调用方法实现更新
session.update("com.itheima.dao.IUserDao.updateUser",user);
//3.提交事务
session.commit();
//4.释放资源
session.close();
}
@Override
public void deleteUser(Integer userId) {
//1.根据factory获取SqlSession对象
SqlSession session = factory.openSession();
//2.调用方法实现更新
session.update("com.itheima.dao.IUserDao.deleteUser",userId);
//3.提交事务
session.commit();
//4.释放资源
session.close();
}
测试类:
public class MybatisTest {
private InputStream in;
private IUserDao userDao;
@Before//用于在测试方法执行之前执行
public void init()throws Exception{
//1.读取配置文件,生成字节输入流
in = Resources.getResourceAsStream("SqlMapConfig.xml");
//2.获取SqlSessionFactory
SqlSessionFactory factory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(in);
//3.使用工厂对象,创建dao对象
userDao = new UserDaoImpl(factory);
}
@After//用于在测试方法执行之后执行
public void destroy()throws Exception{
//6.释放资源
in.close();
}
/**
* 测试查询所有
*/
@Test
public void testFindAll(){
//5.执行查询所有方法
List<User> users = userDao.findAll();
for(User user : users){
System.out.println(user);
}
}
/**
* 测试保存操作
*/
@Test
public void testSave(){
User user = new User();
user.setUsername("dao impl user");
user.setAddress("北京市顺义区");
user.setSex("男");
user.setBirthday(new Date());
System.out.println("保存操作之前:"+user);
//5.执行保存方法
userDao.saveUser(user);
System.out.println("保存操作之后:"+user);
}
/**
* 测试更新操作
*/
@Test
public void testUpdate(){
User user = new User();
user.setId(50);
user.setUsername("userdaoimpl update user");
user.setAddress("北京市顺义区");
user.setSex("女");
user.setBirthday(new Date());
//5.执行保存方法
userDao.updateUser(user);
}
/**
* 测试删除操作
*/
@Test
public void testDelete(){
//5.执行删除方法
userDao.deleteUser(54);
}
连接池的介绍
作用:将连接放到连接池中需要用的时候直接拿连接,减少创建连接、销毁连接带来的资源消耗
mybatis中数据源分三类
- UNPOOLED 不使用连接池的数据源
- POOLED 使用连接池的数据源
- JNDI 使用JNDI实现的数据源
具体结构如下:
UNPOOLED和POOLED:
mybatis中POOLED类型连接池原理分析
private PooledConnection popConnection(String username, String password) throws SQLException {
boolean countedWait = false;
PooledConnection conn = null;
long t = System.currentTimeMillis();
int localBadConnectionCount = 0;
while(conn == null) {
synchronized(this.state) {
PoolState var10000;
//判断空闲池中是否有空闲连接
if (!this.state.idleConnections.isEmpty()) {
//取出该空闲连接
conn = (PooledConnection)this.state.idleConnections.remove(0);
if (log.isDebugEnabled()) {
log.debug("Checked out connection " + conn.getRealHashCode() + " from pool.");
}
//如果活动连接池中连接未到达最大数
} else if (this.state.activeConnections.size() < this.poolMaximumActiveConnections) {
//创建新的连接
conn = new PooledConnection(this.dataSource.getConnection(), this);
if (log.isDebugEnabled()) {
log.debug("Created connection " + conn.getRealHashCode() + ".");
}
} else {
//活动连接池中连接达到最大数量
//获取最老连接(oldest),对其进行设置,使它成为可以使用的连接
PooledConnection oldestActiveConnection = (PooledConnection)this.state.activeConnections.get(0);
long longestCheckoutTime = oldestActiveConnection.getCheckoutTime();
if (longestCheckoutTime > (long)this.poolMaximumCheckoutTime) {
++this.state.claimedOverdueConnectionCount;
var10000 = this.state;
var10000.accumulatedCheckoutTimeOfOverdueConnections += longestCheckoutTime;
var10000 = this.state;
var10000.accumulatedCheckoutTime += longestCheckoutTime;
this.state.activeConnections.remove(oldestActiveConnection);
if (!oldestActiveConnection.getRealConnection().getAutoCommit()) {
try {
oldestActiveConnection.getRealConnection().rollback();
} catch (SQLException var16) {
log.debug("Bad connection. Could not roll back");
}
}
conn = new PooledConnection(oldestActiveConnection.getRealConnection(), this);
conn.setCreatedTimestamp(oldestActiveConnection.getCreatedTimestamp());
conn.setLastUsedTimestamp(oldestActiveConnection.getLastUsedTimestamp());
oldestActiveConnection.invalidate();
if (log.isDebugEnabled()) {
log.debug("Claimed overdue connection " + conn.getRealHashCode() + ".");
}
} else {
try {
if (!countedWait) {
++this.state.hadToWaitCount;
countedWait = true;
}
if (log.isDebugEnabled()) {
log.debug("Waiting as long as " + this.poolTimeToWait + " milliseconds for connection.");
}
long wt = System.currentTimeMillis();
this.state.wait((long)this.poolTimeToWait);
var10000 = this.state;
var10000.accumulatedWaitTime += System.currentTimeMillis() - wt;
} catch (InterruptedException var17) {
break;
}
}
}
if (conn != null) {
if (conn.isValid()) {
if (!conn.getRealConnection().getAutoCommit()) {
conn.getRealConnection().rollback();
}
conn.setConnectionTypeCode(this.assembleConnectionTypeCode(this.dataSource.getUrl(), username, password));
conn.setCheckoutTimestamp(System.currentTimeMillis());
conn.setLastUsedTimestamp(System.currentTimeMillis());
this.state.activeConnections.add(conn);
++this.state.requestCount;
var10000 = this.state;
var10000.accumulatedRequestTime += System.currentTimeMillis() - t;
} else {
if (log.isDebugEnabled()) {
log.debug("A bad connection (" + conn.getRealHashCode() + ") was returned from the pool, getting another connection.");
}
++this.state.badConnectionCount;
++localBadConnectionCount;
conn = null;
if (localBadConnectionCount > this.poolMaximumIdleConnections + this.poolMaximumLocalBadConnectionTolerance) {
if (log.isDebugEnabled()) {
log.debug("PooledDataSource: Could not get a good connection to the database.");
}
throw new SQLException("PooledDataSource: Could not get a good connection to the database.");
}
}
}
}
}
if (conn == null) {
if (log.isDebugEnabled()) {
log.debug("PooledDataSource: Unknown severe error condition. The connection pool returned a null connection.");
}
throw new SQLException("PooledDataSource: Unknown severe error condition. The connection pool returned a null connection.");
} else {
return conn;
}
}
mybatis中的多表查询
示例:用户和账户(1:n)
步骤:
- 建立2张表:用户表和账户表
外键用户id添加到账户表中
- 建立2个实体类:用户实体类和账户实体类
让用户实体类和账户实体类体现1:n的关系
- 建立2个配置文件:用户配置文件和账户配置文件
- 实现配置:
当查询用户时,可以得到多个账户信息
当查询账户时,可以得到账户所属用户信息 - 注意细节:
在xml配置文件中编写sql语句时,遇到回车时,注意在前面和后面都进行空格
1对1查询,1个账户对应一个用户,通过账户查询到用户
查询方式一(通过增加Account的子类查询)
account表和user表联合查询结果:
现在在上面查询结果的基础上,要去掉id,birthday,sex3个字段之后查询结果:
id,uid,money3个字段是account实体类中的全部属性,只有username,address字段是没有的,所以新建一个实体类accountuser继承account实体类,并且增加username,address2个属性。
Account实体类:
public class Account implements Serializable {
private Integer id;
private Integer uid;
private Double money;
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public Integer getUid() {
return uid;
}
public void setUid(Integer uid) {
this.uid = uid;
}
public Double getMoney() {
return money;
}
public void setMoney(Double money) {
this.money = money;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Account{" +
"id=" + id +
", uid=" + uid +
", money=" + money +
'}';
}
}
User实体类:
public class User implements Serializable {
private Integer id;
private String username;
private String address;
private String sex;
private Date birthday;
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getUsername() {
return username;
}
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
public String getAddress() {
return address;
}
public void setAddress(String address) {
this.address = address;
}
public String getSex() {
return sex;
}
public void setSex(String sex) {
this.sex = sex;
}
public Date getBirthday() {
return birthday;
}
public void setBirthday(Date birthday) {
this.birthday = birthday;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "User{" +
"id=" + id +
", username='" + username + '\'' +
", address='" + address + '\'' +
", sex='" + sex + '\'' +
", birthday=" + birthday +
'}';
}
}
AccountUser实体类:
public class AccountUser extends Account {
private String username;
private String address;
public String getUsername() {
return username;
}
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
public String getAddress() {
return address;
}
public void setAddress(String address) {
this.address = address;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return super.toString()+" AccountUser{" +
"username='" + username + '\'' +
", address='" + address + '\'' +
'}';
}
}
接口:
public interface IAccountDao {
/**
* 查询所有账户,并且带有用户名称和地址信息
* @return
*/
List<AccountUser> findAllAccount();
}
数据库配置文件sqlmapconfig.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
<!-- 配置properties-->
<properties resource="jdbcConfig.properties"></properties>
<!--使用typeAliases配置别名,它只能配置domain中类的别名 -->
<typeAliases>
<package name="com.itheima.domain"></package>
</typeAliases>
<!--配置环境-->
<environments default="mysql">
<!-- 配置mysql的环境-->
<environment id="mysql">
<!-- 配置事务 -->
<transactionManager type="JDBC"></transactionManager>
<!--配置连接池-->
<dataSource type="POOLED">
<property name="driver" value="${jdbc.driver}"></property>
<property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}"></property>
<property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}"></property>
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"></property>
</dataSource>
</environment>
</environments>
<!-- 配置映射文件的位置 -->
<mappers>
<package name="com.itheima.dao"></package>
</mappers>
</configuration>
jdbcconfig.properties:
jdbc.driver=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/shop?serverTimezone=GMT%2B8&characterEncoding=utf-8&useSSL=false
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=636895
log4j.properties:
# Set root category priority to INFO and its only appender to CONSOLE.
#log4j.rootCategory=INFO, CONSOLE debug info warn error fatal
log4j.rootCategory=debug, CONSOLE, LOGFILE
# Set the enterprise logger category to FATAL and its only appender to CONSOLE.
log4j.logger.org.apache.axis.enterprise=FATAL, CONSOLE
# CONSOLE is set to be a ConsoleAppender using a PatternLayout.
log4j.appender.CONSOLE=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.CONSOLE.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.CONSOLE.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{ISO8601} %-6r [%15.15t] %-5p %30.30c %x - %m\n
# LOGFILE is set to be a File appender using a PatternLayout.
log4j.appender.LOGFILE=org.apache.log4j.FileAppender
log4j.appender.LOGFILE.File=d:\axis.log
log4j.appender.LOGFILE.Append=true
log4j.appender.LOGFILE.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.LOGFILE.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{ISO8601} %-6r [%15.15t] %-5p %30.30c %x - %m\n
账户映射配置文件IAccountDao.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.itheima.dao.IAccountDao">
<!--查询所有账户同时包含用户名和地址信息-->
<select id="findAllAccount" resultType="com.itheima.domain.AccountUser">
select a.*,u.username,u.address from account a , user u where u.id = a.uid;
</select>
</mapper>
测试类:
public class AccountTest {
private InputStream in;
private SqlSession sqlSession;
private IAccountDao accountDao;
@Before//用于在测试方法执行之前执行
public void init()throws Exception{
//1.读取配置文件,生成字节输入流
in = Resources.getResourceAsStream("SqlMapConfig.xml");
//2.获取SqlSessionFactory
SqlSessionFactory factory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(in);
//3.获取SqlSession对象
sqlSession = factory.openSession(true);
//4.获取dao的代理对象
accountDao = sqlSession.getMapper(IAccountDao.class);
}
@After//用于在测试方法执行之后执行
public void destroy()throws Exception{
//提交事务
// sqlSession.commit();
//6.释放资源
sqlSession.close();
in.close();
}
/**
* 测试查询所有账户,同时包含用户名称和地址
*/
@Test
public void testFindAllAccountUser(){
List<AccountUser> aus = accountDao.findAllAccount();
for(AccountUser au : aus){
System.out.println(au);
}
}
}
运行结果:
方式二:通过建立实体类关系的方式
从表实体应该包含主表的对象引用
1:n映射关系:主表实体应该包含从表实体的集合引用
通过账户查询到1个用户,所以这里根据account实体类中的属性先封装account,然后再配置1对1关系映射中,封装user对象,这里出现aid,是因为对id字段进行了重命名
主表实体:
public class User implements Serializable {
private Integer id;
private String username;
private String address;
private String sex;
private Date birthday;
//一对多关系映射:主表实体应该包含从表实体的集合引用
private List<Account> accounts;
public List<Account> getAccounts() {
return accounts;
}
public void setAccounts(List<Account> accounts) {
this.accounts = accounts;
}
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getUsername() {
return username;
}
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
public String getAddress() {
return address;
}
public void setAddress(String address) {
this.address = address;
}
public String getSex() {
return sex;
}
public void setSex(String sex) {
this.sex = sex;
}
public Date getBirthday() {
return birthday;
}
public void setBirthday(Date birthday) {
this.birthday = birthday;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "User{" +
"id=" + id +
", username='" + username + '\'' +
", address='" + address + '\'' +
", sex='" + sex + '\'' +
", birthday=" + birthday +
'}';
}
}
从表实体:
public class Account implements Serializable {
private Integer id;
private Integer uid;
private Double money;
//从表实体应该包含一个主表实体的对象引用
private User user;
public User getUser() {
return user;
}
public void setUser(User user) {
this.user = user;
}
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public Integer getUid() {
return uid;
}
public void setUid(Integer uid) {
this.uid = uid;
}
public Double getMoney() {
return money;
}
public void setMoney(Double money) {
this.money = money;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Account{" +
"id=" + id +
", uid=" + uid +
", money=" + money +
'}';
}
}
接口:
public interface IAccountDao {
/**
* 查询所有账户,同时还要获取到当前账户的所属用户信息
* @return
*/
List<Account> findAll();
}
账户映射配置文件:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.itheima.dao.IAccountDao">
<!-- 定义封装account和user的resultMap -->
<resultMap id="accountUserMap" type="account">
<id property="id" column="aid"></id>
<result property="uid" column="uid"></result>
<result property="money" column="money"></result>
<!-- 一对一的关系映射:配置封装user的内容-->
<association property="user" column="uid" javaType="user">
<id property="id" column="id"></id>
<result column="username" property="username"></result>
<result column="address" property="address"></result>
<result column="sex" property="sex"></result>
<result column="birthday" property="birthday"></result>
</association>
</resultMap>
<!-- 查询所有 -->
<select id="findAll" resultMap="accountUserMap">
select u.*,a.id as aid,a.uid,a.money from account a , user u where u.id = a.uid;
</select>
</mapper>
测试类:
public class AccountTest {
private InputStream in;
private SqlSession sqlSession;
private IAccountDao accountDao;
@Before//用于在测试方法执行之前执行
public void init()throws Exception{
//1.读取配置文件,生成字节输入流
in = Resources.getResourceAsStream("SqlMapConfig.xml");
//2.获取SqlSessionFactory
SqlSessionFactory factory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(in);
//3.获取SqlSession对象
sqlSession = factory.openSession(true);
//4.获取dao的代理对象
accountDao = sqlSession.getMapper(IAccountDao.class);
}
@After//用于在测试方法执行之后执行
public void destroy()throws Exception{
//提交事务
// sqlSession.commit();
//6.释放资源
sqlSession.close();
in.close();
}
/**
* 测试查询所有
*/
@Test
public void testFindAll(){
List<Account> accounts = accountDao.findAll();
for(Account account : accounts){
System.out.println("--------每个account的信息------------");
System.out.println(account);
System.out.println(account.getUser());
}
}
}
运行结果:
1对多查询,1个用户有多个账户,通过用户查询到账户
方式:通过建立实体类关系的方式
1对多关系映射:主表实体应该包含从表实体集合引用
从表实体应该包含主表实体对象引用
通过用户查询账户,1个用户查询到多个账户,显然用户要全部查询出来,账户有部分,应该得到如下查询结果:
综上可以使用左外连接,如下:
通过用户查询到账户的查询结果:
账户实体类:
public class Account implements Serializable {
private Integer id;
private Integer uid;
private Double money;
//从表实体应该包含一个主表实体的对象引用
private User user;
public User getUser() {
return user;
}
public void setUser(User user) {
this.user = user;
}
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public Integer getUid() {
return uid;
}
public void setUid(Integer uid) {
this.uid = uid;
}
public Double getMoney() {
return money;
}
public void setMoney(Double money) {
this.money = money;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Account{" +
"id=" + id +
", uid=" + uid +
", money=" + money +
'}';
}
}
用户实体类:
public class User implements Serializable {
private Integer id;
private String username;
private String address;
private String sex;
private Date birthday;
//一对多关系映射:主表实体应该包含从表实体的集合引用
private List<Account> accounts;
public List<Account> getAccounts() {
return accounts;
}
public void setAccounts(List<Account> accounts) {
this.accounts = accounts;
}
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getUsername() {
return username;
}
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
public String getAddress() {
return address;
}
public void setAddress(String address) {
this.address = address;
}
public String getSex() {
return sex;
}
public void setSex(String sex) {
this.sex = sex;
}
public Date getBirthday() {
return birthday;
}
public void setBirthday(Date birthday) {
this.birthday = birthday;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "User{" +
"id=" + id +
", username='" + username + '\'' +
", address='" + address + '\'' +
", sex='" + sex + '\'' +
", birthday=" + birthday +
'}';
}
}
接口:
public interface IUserDao {
/**
* 查询所有用户,同时获取到用户下所有账户的信息
* @return
*/
List<User> findAll();
}
用户映射配置文件:
通过用户查询账户,一个用户查询到多个账户,所以先封装用户信息,然后通过collection标签封装账户信息,oftype表示账户集合中元素类型。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.itheima.dao.IUserDao">
<!-- 定义User的resultMap-->
<resultMap id="userAccountMap" type="user">
<id property="id" column="id"></id>
<result property="username" column="username"></result>
<result property="address" column="address"></result>
<result property="sex" column="sex"></result>
<result property="birthday" column="birthday"></result>
<!-- 配置user对象中accounts集合的映射 -->
<collection property="accounts" ofType="com.itheima.domain.Account">
<id column="aid" property="id"></id>
<result column="uid" property="uid"></result>
<result column="money" property="money"></result>
</collection>
</resultMap>
<!-- 查询所有 -->
<select id="findAll" resultMap="userAccountMap">
select * from user u left outer join account a on u.id = a.uid
</select>
</mapper>
测试类:
public class UserTest {
private InputStream in;
private SqlSession sqlSession;
private IUserDao userDao;
@Before//用于在测试方法执行之前执行
public void init()throws Exception{
//1.读取配置文件,生成字节输入流
in = Resources.getResourceAsStream("SqlMapConfig.xml");
//2.获取SqlSessionFactory
SqlSessionFactory factory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(in);
//3.获取SqlSession对象
sqlSession = factory.openSession(true);
//4.获取dao的代理对象
userDao = sqlSession.getMapper(IUserDao.class);
}
@After//用于在测试方法执行之后执行
public void destroy()throws Exception{
//提交事务
// sqlSession.commit();
//6.释放资源
sqlSession.close();
in.close();
}
/**
* 测试查询所有
*/
@Test
public void testFindAll(){
List<User> users = userDao.findAll();
for(User user : users){
System.out.println("-----每个用户的信息------");
System.out.println(user);
System.out.println(user.getAccounts());
}
}
}
运行结果:
多对多查询
方式:通过建立实体类关系
示例:用户和角色(n:n)
步骤:
- 建立2张表:用户表和角色表
让用户表和角色表具有多对多的关系,需要使用中间表,中间表中包含各自的主键
- 建立2个实体类:用户实体类和角色实体类
让用户实体类和角色实体类都能体现多对多的关系
在各自的实体类中添加对方的集合引用
- 建立2个配置文件:用户配置文件和角色配置文件
- 实现配置:
当查询用户时,可以得到多个角色信息
当查询角色时,可以得到角色赋予的多个用户信息
通过角色查询用户,一个角色查询到多个用户:
所以角色要全部查询出来,因为是多对多,有中间表,所以role表跟中间表先做左外连接,得到1,2结果,将得到的结果与user表继续进行左外连接,得到如下查询结果:
对上面查询出的结果进行优化处理:去掉中间表user_role,然后对role表的id字段进行重命名,得到如下查询结果:
角色实体类:
public class Role implements Serializable {
private Integer roleId;
private String roleName;
private String roleDesc;
//多对多的关系映射:一个角色可以赋予多个用户
private List<User> users;
public List<User> getUsers() {
return users;
}
public void setUsers(List<User> users) {
this.users = users;
}
public Integer getRoleId() {
return roleId;
}
public void setRoleId(Integer roleId) {
this.roleId = roleId;
}
public String getRoleName() {
return roleName;
}
public void setRoleName(String roleName) {
this.roleName = roleName;
}
public String getRoleDesc() {
return roleDesc;
}
public void setRoleDesc(String roleDesc) {
this.roleDesc = roleDesc;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Role{" +
"roleId=" + roleId +
", roleName='" + roleName + '\'' +
", roleDesc='" + roleDesc + '\'' +
'}';
}
}
用户实体类:
public class User implements Serializable {
private Integer id;
private String username;
private String address;
private String sex;
private Date birthday;
//多对多的关系映射:一个用户可以具备多个角色
private List<Role> roles;
public List<Role> getRoles() {
return roles;
}
public void setRoles(List<Role> roles) {
this.roles = roles;
}
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getUsername() {
return username;
}
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
public String getAddress() {
return address;
}
public void setAddress(String address) {
this.address = address;
}
public String getSex() {
return sex;
}
public void setSex(String sex) {
this.sex = sex;
}
public Date getBirthday() {
return birthday;
}
public void setBirthday(Date birthday) {
this.birthday = birthday;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "User{" +
"id=" + id +
", username='" + username + '\'' +
", address='" + address + '\'' +
", sex='" + sex + '\'' +
", birthday=" + birthday +
'}';
}
}
接口:
public interface IRoleDao {
/**
* 查询所有角色
* @return
*/
List<Role> findAll();
}
角色表映射配置文件:
通过角色查询用户,一个角色查询到多个用户,所以先封装角色信息,然后通过collection标签封装用户信息,oftype表示user集合中元素类型。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.itheima.dao.IRoleDao">
<!--定义role表的ResultMap-->
<resultMap id="roleMap" type="com.itheima.domain.Role">
<id property="roleId" column="rid"></id>
<result property="roleName" column="role_name"></result>
<result property="roleDesc" column="role_desc"></result>
<collection property="users" ofType="com.itheima.domain.User">
<id column="id" property="id"></id>
<result column="username" property="username"></result>
<result column="address" property="address"></result>
<result column="sex" property="sex"></result>
<result column="birthday" property="birthday"></result>
</collection>
</resultMap>
<!--查询所有-->
<select id="findAll" resultMap="roleMap">
select u.*,r.id as rid,r.role_name,r.role_desc from role r
left outer join user_role ur on r.id = ur.rid
left outer join user u on u.id = ur.uid
</select>
</mapper>
测试类:
public class RoleTest {
private InputStream in;
private SqlSession sqlSession;
private IRoleDao roleDao;
@Before//用于在测试方法执行之前执行
public void init()throws Exception{
//1.读取配置文件,生成字节输入流
in = Resources.getResourceAsStream("SqlMapConfig.xml");
//2.获取SqlSessionFactory
SqlSessionFactory factory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(in);
//3.获取SqlSession对象
sqlSession = factory.openSession(true);
//4.获取dao的代理对象
roleDao = sqlSession.getMapper(IRoleDao.class);
}
@After//用于在测试方法执行之后执行
public void destroy()throws Exception{
//提交事务
// sqlSession.commit();
//6.释放资源
sqlSession.close();
in.close();
}
/**
* 测试查询所有
*/
@Test
public void testFindAll(){
List<Role> roles = roleDao.findAll();
for(Role role : roles){
System.out.println("---每个角色的信息----");
System.out.println(role);
System.out.println(role.getUsers());
}
}
}
运行结果:
通过用户查询角色,一个用户查询到多个角色:
所以用户要全部查询出来,因为是多对多,有中间表,所以user表先跟中间表做左外连接,得到1,2结果,将得到的结果与role表继续进行左外连接,得到如下查询结果:
对上面查询出的结果进行优化处理:去掉中间表user_role,然后对role表的id字段进行重命名,得到如下查询结果:
用户实体类:
public class User implements Serializable {
private Integer id;
private String username;
private String address;
private String sex;
private Date birthday;
//多对多的关系映射:一个用户可以具备多个角色
private List<Role> roles;
public List<Role> getRoles() {
return roles;
}
public void setRoles(List<Role> roles) {
this.roles = roles;
}
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getUsername() {
return username;
}
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
public String getAddress() {
return address;
}
public void setAddress(String address) {
this.address = address;
}
public String getSex() {
return sex;
}
public void setSex(String sex) {
this.sex = sex;
}
public Date getBirthday() {
return birthday;
}
public void setBirthday(Date birthday) {
this.birthday = birthday;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "User{" +
"id=" + id +
", username='" + username + '\'' +
", address='" + address + '\'' +
", sex='" + sex + '\'' +
", birthday=" + birthday +
'}';
}
}
角色实体类:
public class Role implements Serializable {
private Integer roleId;
private String roleName;
private String roleDesc;
//多对多的关系映射:一个角色可以赋予多个用户
private List<User> users;
public List<User> getUsers() {
return users;
}
public void setUsers(List<User> users) {
this.users = users;
}
public Integer getRoleId() {
return roleId;
}
public void setRoleId(Integer roleId) {
this.roleId = roleId;
}
public String getRoleName() {
return roleName;
}
public void setRoleName(String roleName) {
this.roleName = roleName;
}
public String getRoleDesc() {
return roleDesc;
}
public void setRoleDesc(String roleDesc) {
this.roleDesc = roleDesc;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Role{" +
"roleId=" + roleId +
", roleName='" + roleName + '\'' +
", roleDesc='" + roleDesc + '\'' +
'}';
}
}
接口:
public interface IUserDao {
/**
* 查询所有用户,同时获取到用户下所有账户的信息
* @return
*/
List<User> findAll();
}
用户映射配置文件:
通过用户查询角色,一个用户查询到多个角色,所以先封装用户信息,然后通过collection标签封装再角色信息,oftype表示角色集合中元素类型。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.itheima.dao.IUserDao">
<!-- 定义User的resultMap-->
<resultMap id="userMap" type="com.itheima.domain.User">
<id property="id" column="id"></id>
<result property="username" column="username"></result>
<result property="address" column="address"></result>
<result property="sex" column="sex"></result>
<result property="birthday" column="birthday"></result>
<!-- 配置角色集合的映射 -->
<collection property="roles" ofType="com.itheima.domain.Role">
<id property="roleId" column="rid"></id>
<result property="roleName" column="role_name"></result>
<result property="roleDesc" column="role_desc"></result>
</collection>
</resultMap>
<!-- 查询所有 -->
<select id="findAll" resultMap="userMap">
select u.*,r.id as rid,r.role_name,r.role_desc from user u
left outer join user_role ur on u.id = ur.uid
left outer join role r on r.id = ur.rid
</select>
</mapper>
public class UserTest {
private InputStream in;
private SqlSession sqlSession;
private IUserDao userDao;
@Before//用于在测试方法执行之前执行
public void init()throws Exception{
//1.读取配置文件,生成字节输入流
in = Resources.getResourceAsStream("SqlMapConfig.xml");
//2.获取SqlSessionFactory
SqlSessionFactory factory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(in);
//3.获取SqlSession对象
sqlSession = factory.openSession(true);
//4.获取dao的代理对象
userDao = sqlSession.getMapper(IUserDao.class);
}
@After//用于在测试方法执行之后执行
public void destroy()throws Exception{
//提交事务
// sqlSession.commit();
//6.释放资源
sqlSession.close();
in.close();
}
/**
* 测试查询所有
*/
@Test
public void testFindAll(){
List<User> users = userDao.findAll();
for(User user : users){
System.out.println("-----每个用户的信息------");
System.out.println(user);
System.out.println(user.getRoles());
}
}
}
运行结果:
mybatis中的延迟加载
- 什么是延迟加载?
延迟加载也就是按需加载,当需要用到数据的时候,才发起查询。 - 什么是立即加载
不管是不是需要用到数据,都进行查询
这两种加载有点类似于spring中的创建核心容器的两个接口ApplicatioContext和BeanFactory,前者是采用立即策略创建对象即一读取完配置文件就创建配置文件中的对象,后者是按需创建对象即根据id获取配置文件中的对象。
在对应的4种表关系中:
1:1 n:1 通常情况下这两种采用立即加载
1:n n:n 通常情况下这两种采取延时加载
mybatis中的缓存(重点)
- 什么是缓存?
存在于内存中的临时数据 - 为什么使用缓存?
减少和数据库交互的次数,提高程序执行效率 - 什么样的数据适合用缓存?什么样的数据不适合用缓存呢?
适合用缓存:
经常使用的数据,不怎么发生变化的数据
数据的正确与否对最终结果影响不大
不适合用缓存:
经常发生变化的数据,使用比较少的数据
数据的正确与否对最终结果影响很大
mybatis中的一级缓存和二级缓存(重点)
- 一级缓存
它指的是mybatis中sqlsession对象的缓存,当我们执行查询之后,查询的结果会同时存入sqlsession为我们提供的一块区域中,该区域是hashmap结构,当我们再次查询同样的数据时,mybatis会先去sqlsession中查询是否有,有的话直接拿过来使用。
当sqlsession对象消失,mybatis的一级缓存也就消失。
当调用sqlsessin的增、删、改方法和commit()和close()时候,就会清空一级缓存。
开启缓存查询示例:
用户实体类:
public class User implements Serializable {
private Integer id;
private String username;
private String address;
private String sex;
private Date birthday;
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getUsername() {
return username;
}
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
public String getAddress() {
return address;
}
public void setAddress(String address) {
this.address = address;
}
public String getSex() {
return sex;
}
public void setSex(String sex) {
this.sex = sex;
}
public Date getBirthday() {
return birthday;
}
public void setBirthday(Date birthday) {
this.birthday = birthday;
}
}
接口:
public interface IUserDao {
/**
* 根据id查询用户信息
* @param userId
* @return
*/
User findById(Integer userId);
}
用户映射配置文件:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.itheima.dao.IUserDao">
<!-- 根据id查询用户 -->
<select id="findById" parameterType="INT" resultType="user" useCache="true">
select * from user where id = #{uid}
</select>
</mapper>
测试类:
public class UserTest {
private InputStream in;
private SqlSessionFactory factory;
private SqlSession sqlSession;
private IUserDao userDao;
@Before//用于在测试方法执行之前执行
public void init()throws Exception{
//1.读取配置文件,生成字节输入流
in = Resources.getResourceAsStream("SqlMapConfig.xml");
//2.获取SqlSessionFactory
factory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(in);
//3.获取SqlSession对象
sqlSession = factory.openSession(true);
//4.获取dao的代理对象
userDao = sqlSession.getMapper(IUserDao.class);
}
@After//用于在测试方法执行之后执行
public void destroy()throws Exception{
//提交事务
// sqlSession.commit();
//6.释放资源
sqlSession.close();
in.close();
}
/**
* 测试一级缓存
*/
@Test
public void testFirstLevelCache(){
User user1 = userDao.findById(41);
System.out.println(user1);
User user2 = userDao.findById(41);
System.out.println(user2);
System.out.println(user1 == user2);
}
}
运行结果:
在缓存中查询
关闭缓存示例:
public class UserTest {
private InputStream in;
private SqlSessionFactory factory;
private SqlSession sqlSession;
private IUserDao userDao;
@Before//用于在测试方法执行之前执行
public void init()throws Exception{
//1.读取配置文件,生成字节输入流
in = Resources.getResourceAsStream("SqlMapConfig.xml");
//2.获取SqlSessionFactory
factory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(in);
//3.获取SqlSession对象
sqlSession = factory.openSession(true);
//4.获取dao的代理对象
userDao = sqlSession.getMapper(IUserDao.class);
}
@After//用于在测试方法执行之后执行
public void destroy()throws Exception{
sqlSession.close();
in.close();
}
/**
* 测试一级缓存
*/
@Test
public void testFirstLevelCache(){
User user1 = userDao.findById(41);
System.out.println(user1);
sqlSession.close();
//再次获取SqlSession对象
sqlSession = factory.openSession();
userDao = sqlSession.getMapper(IUserDao.class);
User user2 = userDao.findById(41);
System.out.println(user2);
System.out.println(user1 == user2);
}
}
运行结果:
关闭缓存,在数据库中查询
关闭缓存示例:
关闭缓存,在数据库中查询
public class UserTest {
private InputStream in;
private SqlSessionFactory factory;
private SqlSession sqlSession;
private IUserDao userDao;
@Before//用于在测试方法执行之前执行
public void init()throws Exception{
//1.读取配置文件,生成字节输入流
in = Resources.getResourceAsStream("SqlMapConfig.xml");
//2.获取SqlSessionFactory
factory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(in);
//3.获取SqlSession对象
sqlSession = factory.openSession(true);
//4.获取dao的代理对象
userDao = sqlSession.getMapper(IUserDao.class);
}
@After//用于在测试方法执行之后执行
public void destroy()throws Exception{
sqlSession.close();
in.close();
}
/**
* 测试一级缓存
*/
@Test
public void testFirstLevelCache(){
User user1 = userDao.findById(41);
System.out.println(user1);
sqlSession.clearCache();//此方法也可以清空缓存
User user2 = userDao.findById(41);
System.out.println(user2);
System.out.println(user1 == user2);
}
}
运行结果:
用户映射配置文件:
当调用sqlsessin的增、删、改方法和commit()和close()时候,就会清空一级缓存。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.itheima.dao.IUserDao">
<!-- 更新用户信息-->
<update id="updateUser" parameterType="user">
update user set username=#{username},address=#{address} where id=#{id}
</update>
</mapper>
测试类:
public class UserTest {
private InputStream in;
private SqlSessionFactory factory;
private SqlSession sqlSession;
private IUserDao userDao;
@Before//用于在测试方法执行之前执行
public void init()throws Exception{
//1.读取配置文件,生成字节输入流
in = Resources.getResourceAsStream("SqlMapConfig.xml");
//2.获取SqlSessionFactory
factory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(in);
//3.获取SqlSession对象
sqlSession = factory.openSession(true);
//4.获取dao的代理对象
userDao = sqlSession.getMapper(IUserDao.class);
}
@After//用于在测试方法执行之后执行
public void destroy()throws Exception{
//提交事务
// sqlSession.commit();
//6.释放资源
sqlSession.close();
in.close();
}
/**
* 测试缓存的同步
*/
@Test
public void testClearlCache(){
//1.根据id查询用户
User user1 = userDao.findById(41);
System.out.println(user1);
//2.更新用户信息
user1.setUsername("update user clear cache");
user1.setAddress("北京市海淀区");
userDao.updateUser(user1);
//3.再次查询id为41的用户
User user2 = userDao.findById(41);
System.out.println(user2);
System.out.println(user1 == user2);
}
}
运行结果:
去数据库中查询
- 二级缓存
它指的是mybatis中sqlsessionfactory对象的缓存,由同一个sqlsessionfactory对象创建的sqlsession共享其缓存。
二级缓存使用步骤:
1.让mybatis框架支持二级缓存,在sqlmapconfig.xml中配置
2.让当前的映射配置文件支持二级缓存,在IUserDao.xml中配置
3.让当前的操作支持二级缓存,在select标签中配置
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
<!-- 配置properties-->
<properties resource="jdbcConfig.properties"></properties>
<settings>
<setting name="cacheEnabled" value="true"/>
</settings>
<!--使用typeAliases配置别名,它只能配置domain中类的别名 -->
<typeAliases>
<package name="com.itheima.domain"></package>
</typeAliases>
<!--配置环境-->
<environments default="mysql">
<!-- 配置mysql的环境-->
<environment id="mysql">
<!-- 配置事务 -->
<transactionManager type="JDBC"></transactionManager>
<!--配置连接池-->
<dataSource type="POOLED">
<property name="driver" value="${jdbc.driver}"></property>
<property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}"></property>
<property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}"></property>
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"></property>
</dataSource>
</environment>
</environments>
<!-- 配置映射文件的位置 -->
<mappers>
<package name="com.itheima.dao"></package>
</mappers>
</configuration>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.itheima.dao.IUserDao">
<!--开启user支持二级缓存-->
<cache/>
<!-- 根据id查询用户 -->
<select id="findById" parameterType="INT" resultType="user" useCache="true">
select * from user where id = #{uid}
</select>
</mapper>
public class SecondLevelCacheTest {
private InputStream in;
private SqlSessionFactory factory;
@Before//用于在测试方法执行之前执行
public void init()throws Exception{
//1.读取配置文件,生成字节输入流
in = Resources.getResourceAsStream("SqlMapConfig.xml");
//2.获取SqlSessionFactory
factory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(in);
}
@After//用于在测试方法执行之后执行
public void destroy()throws Exception{
in.close();
}
/**
* 测试一级缓存
*/
@Test
public void testFirstLevelCache(){
SqlSession sqlSession1 = factory.openSession();
IUserDao dao1 = sqlSession1.getMapper(IUserDao.class);
User user1 = dao1.findById(41);
System.out.println(user1);
sqlSession1.close();//一级缓存消失
SqlSession sqlSession2 = factory.openSession();
IUserDao dao2 = sqlSession2.getMapper(IUserDao.class);
User user2 = dao2.findById(41);
System.out.println(user2);
sqlSession2.close();
System.out.println(user1 == user2);
}
}
运行结果:
mybatis的注解开发
注解和映射配置文件的对应关系
基于注解的CRUD操作
实体类:
public class User implements Serializable{
private Integer id;
private String username;
private String address;
private String sex;
private Date birthday;
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getUsername() {
return username;
}
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
public String getAddress() {
return address;
}
public void setAddress(String address) {
this.address = address;
}
public String getSex() {
return sex;
}
public void setSex(String sex) {
this.sex = sex;
}
public Date getBirthday() {
return birthday;
}
public void setBirthday(Date birthday) {
this.birthday = birthday;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "User{" +
"id=" + id +
", username='" + username + '\'' +
", address='" + address + '\'' +
", sex='" + sex + '\'' +
", birthday=" + birthday +
'}';
}
}
配置文件:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
<!-- 引入外部配置文件-->
<properties resource="jdbcConfig.properties"></properties>
<!--配置别名-->
<typeAliases>
<package name="com.itheima.domain"></package>
</typeAliases>
<!-- 配置环境-->
<environments default="mysql">
<environment id="mysql">
<transactionManager type="JDBC"></transactionManager>
<dataSource type="POOLED">
<property name="driver" value="${jdbc.driver}"></property>
<property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}"></property>
<property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}"></property>
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"></property>
</dataSource>
</environment>
</environments>
<!-- 指定带有注解的dao接口所在位置 -->
<mappers>
<mapper class="com.itheima.dao.IUserDao"></mapper>
</mappers>
</configuration>
jdbcConfig.properties:
jdbc.driver=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/shop?serverTimezone=GMT%2B8&characterEncoding=utf-8&useSSL=false
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=636895
log4j.properties:
# Set root category priority to INFO and its only appender to CONSOLE.
#log4j.rootCategory=INFO, CONSOLE debug info warn error fatal
log4j.rootCategory=debug, CONSOLE, LOGFILE
# Set the enterprise logger category to FATAL and its only appender to CONSOLE.
log4j.logger.org.apache.axis.enterprise=FATAL, CONSOLE
# CONSOLE is set to be a ConsoleAppender using a PatternLayout.
log4j.appender.CONSOLE=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.CONSOLE.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.CONSOLE.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{ISO8601} %-6r [%15.15t] %-5p %30.30c %x - %m\n
# LOGFILE is set to be a File appender using a PatternLayout.
log4j.appender.LOGFILE=org.apache.log4j.FileAppender
log4j.appender.LOGFILE.File=d:\axis.log
log4j.appender.LOGFILE.Append=true
log4j.appender.LOGFILE.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.LOGFILE.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{ISO8601} %-6r [%15.15t] %-5p %30.30c %x - %m\n
接口:
public interface IUserDao {
/**
* 查询所有用户
* @return
*/
@Select("select * from user")
List<User> findAll();
/**
* 保存用户
* @param user
*/
@Insert("insert into user(username,address,sex,birthday)values(#{username},#{address},#{sex},#{birthday})")
void saveUser(User user);
/**
* 更新用户
* @param user
*/
@Update("update user set username=#{username},sex=#{sex},birthday=#{birthday},address=#{address} where id=#{id}")
void updateUser(User user);
/**
* 删除用户
* @param userId
*/
@Delete("delete from user where id=#{id} ")
void deleteUser(Integer userId);
/**
* 根据id查询用户
* @param userId
* @return
*/
@Select("select * from user where id=#{id} ")
User findById(Integer userId);
/**
* 根据用户名称模糊查询
* @param username
* @return
*/
@Select("select * from user where username like #{username} ")
// @Select("select * from user where username like '%${value}%' ")
List<User> findUserByName(String username);
/**
* 查询总用户数量
* @return
*/
@Select("select count(*) from user ")
int findTotalUser();
}
测试类:
public class AnnotationCRUDTest {
private InputStream in;
private SqlSessionFactory factory;
private SqlSession session;
private IUserDao userDao;
@Before
public void init()throws Exception{
in = Resources.getResourceAsStream("SqlMapConfig.xml");
factory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(in);
session = factory.openSession();
userDao = session.getMapper(IUserDao.class);
}
@After
public void destroy()throws Exception{
session.commit();
session.close();
in.close();
}
@Test
public void testSave(){
User user = new User();
user.setUsername("mybatis annotation");
user.setAddress("北京市昌平区");
userDao.saveUser(user);
}
@Test
public void testUpdate(){
User user = new User();
user.setId(49);
user.setUsername("mybatis annotation update");
user.setAddress("北京市海淀区");
user.setSex("男");
user.setBirthday(new Date());
userDao.updateUser(user);
}
@Test
public void testDelete(){
userDao.deleteUser(49);
}
@Test
public void testFindOne(){
User user = userDao.findById(48);
System.out.println(user);
}
@Test
public void testFindByName(){
List<User> users = userDao.findUserByName("%王%");
// List<User> users = userDao.findUserByName("王");
for(User user : users){
System.out.println(user);
}
}
@Test
public void testFindTotal(){
int total = userDao.findTotalUser();
System.out.println(total);
}
}
注解解决实体类属性和数据库字段不对应
主键需要设置id=true
public interface IUserDao {
/**
* 查询所有用户
* @return
*/
@Select("select * from user")
@Results(id="userMap",value={
@Result(id=true,column = "id",property = "userId"),
@Result(column = "username",property = "userName"),
@Result(column = "address",property = "userAddress"),
@Result(column = "sex",property = "userSex"),
@Result(column = "birthday",property = "userBirthday") })
List<User> findAll();
/**
* 根据id查询用户
* @param userId
* @return
*/
@Select("select * from user where id=#{id} ")
@ResultMap("userMap")
User findById(Integer userId);
/**
* 根据用户名称模糊查询
* @param username
* @return
*/
@Select("select * from user where username like #{username} ")
@ResultMap("userMap")
List<User> findUserByName(String username);
}
基于注解的多表查询
通过账户查询用户(1:1)
通过账户查询用户,1:1方式,一个账户只能查询到一个用户
先封装账户信息,然后再封装用户信息
select表示要查询的方法(全限定类名名)
fetchType表示立即加载
one表示1:1
public interface IAccountDao {
/**
* 查询所有账户,并且获取每个账户所属的用户信息
* @return
*/
@Select("select * from account")
@Results(id="accountMap",value = {
@Result(id=true,column = "id",property = "id"),
@Result(column = "uid",property = "uid"),
@Result(column = "money",property = "money"),
@Result(property = "user",column = "uid",one=@One(select="com.itheima.dao.IUserDao.findById",fetchType= FetchType.EAGER))
})
List<Account> findAll();
}
public interface IUserDao {
/**
* 查询所有用户
* @return
*/
@Select("select * from user")
@Results(id="userMap",value={
@Result(id=true,column = "id",property = "userId"),
@Result(column = "username",property = "userName"),
@Result(column = "address",property = "userAddress"),
@Result(column = "sex",property = "userSex"),
@Result(column = "birthday",property = "userBirthday"),
List<User> findAll();
/**
* 根据id查询用户
* @param userId
* @return
*/
@Select("select * from user where id=#{id} ")
@ResultMap("userMap")
User findById(Integer userId);
}
public class Account implements Serializable {
private Integer id;
private Integer uid;
private Double money;
//多对一(mybatis中称之为一对一)的映射:从表实体应该包含主表实体的对象引用
private User user;
public User getUser() {
return user;
}
public void setUser(User user) {
this.user = user;
}
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public Integer getUid() {
return uid;
}
public void setUid(Integer uid) {
this.uid = uid;
}
public Double getMoney() {
return money;
}
public void setMoney(Double money) {
this.money = money;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Account{" +
"id=" + id +
", uid=" + uid +
", money=" + money +
'}';
}
}
public class AccountTest {
private InputStream in;
private SqlSessionFactory factory;
private SqlSession session;
private IAccountDao accountDao;
@Before
public void init()throws Exception{
in = Resources.getResourceAsStream("SqlMapConfig.xml");
factory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(in);
session = factory.openSession();
accountDao = session.getMapper(IAccountDao.class);
}
@After
public void destroy()throws Exception{
session.commit();
session.close();
in.close();
}
@Test
public void testFindAll(){
List<Account> accounts = accountDao.findAll();
for(Account account : accounts){
System.out.println("----每个账户的信息-----");
System.out.println(account);
System.out.println(account.getUser());
}
}
}
运行结果:
通过用户查询账户(1:n)
通过用户查询账户,1:n方式,一个用户可以查询出多个账户
先对用户进行封装,再对账户进行封装
many表示1:n
select表示要查询的方法(全限定类型)
fetchType表示采用了延时加载
用户接口:
public interface IUserDao {
/**
* 查询所有用户
* @return
*/
@Select("select * from user")
@Results(id="userMap",value={
@Result(id=true,column = "id",property = "userId"),
@Result(column = "username",property = "userName"),
@Result(column = "address",property = "userAddress"),
@Result(column = "sex",property = "userSex"),
@Result(column = "birthday",property = "userBirthday"),
@Result(property = "accounts",column = "id",
many = @Many(select = "com.itheima.dao.IAccountDao.findAccountByUid",
fetchType = FetchType.LAZY)) })
List<User> findAll();
}
账户接口:
public interface IAccountDao {
/**
* 根据用户id查询账户信息
* @param userId
* @return
*/
@Select("select * from account where uid = #{userId}")
List<Account> findAccountByUid(Integer userId);
}
用户实体类:
public class User implements Serializable{
private Integer userId;
private String userName;
private String userAddress;
private String userSex;
private Date userBirthday;
//一对多关系映射:一个用户对应多个账户
private List<Account> accounts;
public List<Account> getAccounts() {
return accounts;
}
public void setAccounts(List<Account> accounts) {
this.accounts = accounts;
}
public Integer getUserId() {
return userId;
}
public void setUserId(Integer userId) {
this.userId = userId;
}
public String getUserName() {
return userName;
}
public void setUserName(String userName) {
this.userName = userName;
}
public String getUserAddress() {
return userAddress;
}
public void setUserAddress(String userAddress) {
this.userAddress = userAddress;
}
public String getUserSex() {
return userSex;
}
public void setUserSex(String userSex) {
this.userSex = userSex;
}
public Date getUserBirthday() {
return userBirthday;
}
public void setUserBirthday(Date userBirthday) {
this.userBirthday = userBirthday;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "User{" +
"userId=" + userId +
", userName='" + userName + '\'' +
", userAddress='" + userAddress + '\'' +
", userSex='" + userSex + '\'' +
", userBirthday=" + userBirthday +
'}';
}
}
测试类:
public class AnnotationCRUDTest {
private InputStream in;
private SqlSessionFactory factory;
private SqlSession session;
private IUserDao userDao;
@Before
public void init()throws Exception{
in = Resources.getResourceAsStream("SqlMapConfig.xml");
factory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(in);
session = factory.openSession();
userDao = session.getMapper(IUserDao.class);
}
@After
public void destroy()throws Exception{
session.commit();
session.close();
in.close();
}
@Test
public void testFindAll(){
List<User> users = userDao.findAll();
for(User user : users){
System.out.println("---每个用户的信息----");
System.out.println(user);
System.out.println(user.getAccounts());
}
}
}
运行结果:
基于注解的二级缓存
步骤:
1.全局配置文件中开启缓存(sqlmapconfig.xml)
2.dao接口中使用注解开启缓存(@CacheNamespace(blocking = true))
全局配置文件:sqlmapconfig.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
<!-- 引入外部配置文件-->
<properties resource="jdbcConfig.properties"></properties>
<!--配置开启二级缓存-->
<settings>
<setting name="cacheEnabled" value="true"/>
</settings>
<!--配置别名-->
<typeAliases>
<package name="com.itheima.domain"></package>
</typeAliases>
<!-- 配置环境-->
<environments default="mysql">
<environment id="mysql">
<transactionManager type="JDBC"></transactionManager>
<dataSource type="POOLED">
<property name="driver" value="${jdbc.driver}"></property>
<property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}"></property>
<property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}"></property>
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"></property>
</dataSource>
</environment>
</environments>
<!-- 指定带有注解的dao接口所在位置 -->
<mappers>
<package name="com.itheima.dao"></package>
<!-- <mapper class="com.itheima.dao.IAccountDao"></mapper>-->
<!-- <mapper class="com.itheima.dao.IUserDao"></mapper>-->
</mappers>
</configuration>
接口:
@CacheNamespace(blocking = true)
public interface IUserDao {
/**
* 查询所有用户
* @return
*/
@Select("select * from user")
@Results(id="userMap",value={
@Result(id=true,column = "id",property = "userId"),
@Result(column = "username",property = "userName"),
@Result(column = "address",property = "userAddress"),
@Result(column = "sex",property = "userSex"),
@Result(column = "birthday",property = "userBirthday"),
})
List<User> findAll();
/**
* 根据id查询用户
* @param userId
* @return
*/
@Select("select * from user where id=#{id} ")
@ResultMap("userMap")
User findById(Integer userId);
}
测试类:
public class SecondLevelCatchTest {
private InputStream in;
private SqlSessionFactory factory;
@Before
public void init()throws Exception{
in = Resources.getResourceAsStream("SqlMapConfig.xml");
factory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(in);
}
@After
public void destroy()throws Exception{
in.close();
}
@Test
public void testFindOne(){
SqlSession session = factory.openSession();
IUserDao userDao = session.getMapper(IUserDao.class);
User user = userDao.findById(57);
System.out.println(user);
session.close();//释放一级缓存
SqlSession session1 = factory.openSession();//再次打开session
IUserDao userDao1 = session1.getMapper(IUserDao.class);
User user1 = userDao1.findById(57);
System.out.println(user1);
session1.close();
}
}
运行结果:
去缓存中查询