Python 基础学习 --- Note 01 --- 基础语法

非常尴尬有些部分用英文写的，现在就先这样吧，以后再改回来

1. Run .py file （seems that can only be used in Jupyter Notebook）

%run + File Address

%run ./hello.py (hello.py 是相同文件夹下的另一个文件)
hello.py:
	print('hello world')
# output: hello world

2. print

print('hello', end = ' ') # default '\n'
print('world!!!')
# output: hello world!!!

3. Format

Type1: "{}".format()

print("hello {}".format('saxon'))
# output: hello saxon

Type2: "%s" % ()

print("hello %s" % ('saxon'))
# output: hello saxon

4. For loop

for i in range(1,3): # left end included, right end excluded
    print(i)
# output: 
# 1
# 2


下面这个是我后来遇到的，觉得也挺典型就放在这里了
import numpy as np
arr1 = np.arange(10)
# arr1: [0, 1, 2...7, 8, 9]
# 把 arr1 数组中的元素分别 ×2 后放到 arr2 中
for _ in range(10): 
	arr2 = arr1 * 2 
# arr2: [0, 2, 4...14, 16, 18]
# 因为这里只需要循环次数，不需要变量，所以用 '_'来表示没有变量就可以了

5. Input (Note: your input will be translated into string type)

a = input('please input something:')
print(type(a)) # string
# if you need an integer type
b = int(input('please input another number'))
print(type(b)) # int

6. Identifier

The first character must be a letter or an underline('`_`'). The other part can be `letter`, `number`, or `underline`

_a = 2
print(_a)

7. Python keyword

help('keywords')
# 
# Here is a list of the Python keywords.  
# Enter any keyword to get more help.

False               class               from                or
None                continue            global              pass
True                def                 if                  raise
and                 del                 import              return
as                  elif                in                  try
assert              else                is                  while
async               except              lambda              with
await               finally             nonlocal            yield
break               for                 not           

8. Comment

Type 1:

# comment for code inline

Type 2:

def add(a, b):
    '''add two number
        a, b : input number
        return value : sum(a + b)'''
    return a + b
help(add) # print function explanation for add(a, b)

9. Line concept

a = 1; b = 2  # Add one semicolon to split two sentence
print("{} {}".format(a, b))


a = 1 + 2 + 3\
+ 4
print(a)