MySQL多实例

多实例

在同一服务器上，开启多个不同服务端，同时运行多个mysql进程，并分别以不同sock监听
相当于多个子进程，但是缺点是，存在资源的互抢。
作用：有效的利用服务器资源
节约服务器资源
-s 指定实例 -s /data/3306/mysql.sock

命令集

mount /dev/sr0 /media/cdrom
yum -y install ncurses-devel  libaio-devel tree

cd
tar xf cmake-2.8.6.tar.gz -C /usr/src
tar xf mysql-5.5.22.tar.gz -C /usr/src
cd /usr/src/cmake-2.8.6/
#编译安装使用gmake时 必须有gcc gcc-c++ make
./configure && gmake && gmake install


cd /usr/src/mysql-5.5.22/
cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data -DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/usr/local/mysql/tmp/mysql.sock -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci -DEXTRA_CHARSETS=gbk,bg2312,utf8,ascii -DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=ON -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_FEDERATED_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITHOUT_EXAMPLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITHOUT_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_FAST_MUTEXES=1 -DWITH_ZLIB=bundled -DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 -DWITH_READLINE=1 -DWITH_EMBEDDED_SERVER=1 -DWITH_DEBUG=0
make && make install
ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/* /usr/local/bin
useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin mysql


#配置文件设置（工作中也是自定义设置）
mkdir -p /data/{3306,3307}/data
vim /data/3306/my.cnf

vim /data/3307/my.cnf

#配置完成 启动服务
chown -R mysql.mysql /data
mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/3306/my.cnf 


vim /data/3306/mysql

find /data/ -name "mysql" |xargs chmod 700
/usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/3306/data --user=mysql
/data/3306/mysql start
/usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/3307/data --user=mysql
/data/3307/mysql start
netstat -antup |grep "330" 
echo "#mysql multi instances" >> /etc/rc.local
echo "/data/3306/mysql start" >> /etc/rc.local

#设置密码
mysqladmin -uroot -S /data/3307/mysql.sock password '123123'
#登陆 启动文件脚本里的密码
mysql -uroot -p123123 -S /data/3307/mysql.sock

编译安装命令

cmake. -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql    #主程序存放目录
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data             #数据存放目录         
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/usr/local/mysql/tmp/mysql.sock #MySQL进程间通信的套接字位置
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8                            #默认字符集为utf8
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci               #默认字符集排序规则
-DEXTRA_CHARSETS=gbk,bg2312,utf8,ascii            #额外的字符集支持
-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=ON                         #是否启用加载本地数据
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1                  #静态编译innodb存储引擎到数据库
-DWITH_FEDERATED_STORAGE_ENGINE=1                 #静态编译FEDERATED存储引擎到数据库
-DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1                 #静态编译blackhole存储引擎到数据库
-DWITHOUT_EXAMPLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1                #不编译examole存储引擎到数据库
-DWITHOUT_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE=1              #不支持数据库分区
-DWITH_FAST_MUTEXES=1                             #
-DWITH_ZLIB=bundled                               #zlib压缩模式
-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1                          # 是否启用本地的LOCAL_INFILE
-DWITH_READLINE=1                                 #使用捆绑的readline
-DWITH_EMBEDDED_SERVER=1                          #是否要建立嵌入式服务器
-DWITH_DEBUG=0                                    #禁用debug(开启影响性能)
#提示：编译时可配置的选线过很多，具体可参考官方文档
make &&make install
ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/* /usr/local/bin
#如果上述没有问题，查看/usr/local/mysql目录下有内容，则MySQL5.5.22源代码安装成

###配置文件

创建MySQL多实例目录如下：
mkdir -p /data/{3306,3307}/data
tree /data (需要yum安装)
创建MySQL多实例配置文件：
ls -l support-files/my*.cnf (工作中都不用，自己创建)
vim /data/3306/my.cnf
vim /data/3307/my.cnf
# 末行模式下 %s/3306/3307/g 回车 把所有3306改成3307
# %:全文(没有则是光标所在行)  g(global):全局(没有则是第一个字符替换) 
##实例3306配置文件
[client]
port = 3306
socket = /data/3306/mysql.sock
[mysqld]
user = mysql
port = 3306
socket = /data/3306/mysql.sock
basedir = /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /data/3306/data
open_files_limit = 1024
back_log = 600
max_connections = 800
max_connect_errors = 3000
table_open_cache = 614
external-locking = FALSE
max_allowed_packet = 8M
#binlog_cache_size = 1M
#max_heap_table_size = 64M
#read_buffer_size = 2M
#read_rnd_buffer_size = 16M
sort_buffer_size = 1M
join_buffer_size = 1M
thread_cache_size =100
thread_concurrency = 2
query_cache_size = 2M
query_cache_limit = 1M
query_cache_min_res_unit = 2k
#ft_min_word_len = 4
#default-storage-engine = MYISAM
thread_stack = 192K
transaction_isolation = READ-COMMITTED
tmp_table_size = 2M
max_heap_table_size = 2M
#log-bin=mysql-bin
#binlog_format=mixed
#slow_query_log
long_query_time = 1
pid-file = /data/3306/mysql.pid
relay-log = /data/3306/relay-bin
relay-log-info-file = /data/3306/relay-log.info
binlog_cache_size = 1M
max_binlog_cache_size =1M
max_binlog_size =2M
key_buffer_size = 16M
read_buffer_size = 1M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 1M
bulk_insert_buffer_size = 1M
lower_case_table_names = 1
skip-name-resolve
slave-skip-errors = 1032,1062
replicate-ignore-db = mysql

server-id = 1

#key_buffer_size = 32M
#bulk_insert_buffer_size = 64M
#myisam_sort_buffer_size = 128M
#myisam_max_sort_file_size = 10G
#myisam_repair_threads = 1
#myisam_recover
innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 4M
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 32M
innodb_data_file_path = ibdatal:128M:autoextend
innodb_file_io_threads = 4
#innodb_write_io_threads = 8
#innodb_read_io_threads = 8
innodb_thread_concurrency = 8
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 2
innodb_log_buffer_size = 2M
innodb_log_file_size = 4M
innodb_log_files_in_group = 3
innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 90
innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 120
innodb_file_per_table = 0

[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet = 2M

[mysql]
no-auto-rehash

#[myisamchk]
#key_buffer_size = 512M
#sort_buffer_size = 521M
#read_buffer = 8M
#write_buffer = 8M
#[mysqlhotcopy]
#interactive-timeout

[mysqld_safe]
log-error = /data/3306/mysql_3306.err
pid-file = /data/3306/mysqld.pid

启动文件脚本

vim /data/3306/mysql

#!/bin/bash
# this scripts is created by wanghaiyang

port=3306
mysql_user="root"
#需要修改为用户的实际密码
mysql_pwd="" 
CmdPath="/usr/local/mysql/bin"
mysql_sock="/data/${port}/mysql.sock"

#startup function
function_start_mysql(){
if [ ! -e "$mysql_sock" ];then
    printf "Starting MySQL...\n"
    /bin/sh ${CmdPath}/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/${port}/my.cnf &> /dev/null &
else
    printf "MySQL is running...\n"
    exit
fi
}

#stop function
function_stop_mysql(){
if [ ! -e "$mysql_sock" ];then
    exit
else
  printf "Stoping MySQL...\n"
  ${CmdPath}/mysqladmin -u ${mysql_user} -p${mysql_pwd} -S /data/${port}/mysql.sock shutdown
fi
}

#restart function
function_restart_mysql(){
    printf "Restarting MySQL...\n"
    function_stop_mysql
    sleep 2
    function_start_mysql
}
case $1 in
start)
    function_start_mysql
    ;;
stop)
    function_stop_mysql
    ;;
restart)
    function_restart_mysql
    ;;
*)
    printf "Usage: /data/${port}/mysql{start|stop|restart}\n"
    ;;
esac

后续命令

#先启动服务
mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/3306/my.cnf >& /dev/null &
##先告诉如何停止服务
mysqladmin -uroot -p213123 -S /data/3306/mysql.sock shutdown

#后续命令
chown -R mysql.mysql /data
#启动脚本编辑完以后使用
find /data/ -name "mysql" |xargs chomd 700
echo "export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH" >> /etc/profile
source /etc/profile
#数据初始化
/usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/3306/data --user=mysql
#开启服务
/data/3306/mysql start
netstat -antup |grep "330" 
echo "#mysql multi instances" >> /etc/rc.local
echo "/data/3306/mysql start" >> /etc/rc.local

再增加实例

mkdir -p /data/3308/data
cp /data/3306/my.cnf /data/3308/
cp /data/3306/mysql /data/3308/
sed -i 's#3306#3308#g' /data/3308/my.cnf
sed -i 's#server-id = 1#server-id = 8#g' /data/3308/my.cnf
sed -i 's#3306#3308#g' /data/3308/mysql
chown -R mysql.mysql /data/3308
chmod 700 /data/3308/mysql
/usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/3308/data --user=mysql
egrep "server-id|log-bin" /data/3308/my.cnf
/data/3308/mysql start