吴恩达深度学习第一课第二周编程作业python

Building basic functions with numpy

import math
def basic_sigmoid(x):
	  s = 1/(1 + math.exp(-x))
	  return s
basic_sigmoid(3)

out:0.9525741268224334

import numpy as np # this means you can access numpy functions by writing np.function() instead of numpy.function()

def sigmoid(x):
    s = 1 / (1 + np.exp(-x))  
    return s
x = np.array([1, 2, 3])
sigmoid(x)

out:array([ 0.73105858, 0.88079708, 0.95257413])

def sigmoid_derivative(x):  
    s = sigmoid(x)
    ds = s * (1 - s)    
    return ds
x = np.array([1, 2, 3])
print ("sigmoid_derivative(x) = " + str(sigmoid_derivative(x)))

out:sigmoid_derivative(x) = [ 0.19661193 0.10499359 0.04517666]

import numpy as np

def normalizeRows(x):
    x_norm = np.linalg.norm(x,axis=1,keepdims=True)
   
    # Divide x by its norm.
    x = x/x_norm
    return x
x = np.array([
    [0, 3, 4],
    [1, 6, 4]])
print("normalizeRows(x) = " + str(normalizeRows(x)))

out:normalizeRows(x) = [[0. 0.6 0.8 ]
[0.13736056 0.82416338 0.54944226]]

import numpy as np
def softmax(x):
    x_exp = np.exp(x)
    x_sum = np.sum(x_exp, axis = 1, keepdims = True)
    s = x_exp / x_sum
    return s
x = np.array([
    [9, 2, 5, 0, 0],
    [7, 5, 0, 0 ,0]])
print("softmax(x) = " + str(softmax(x)))
    

out:softmax(x) = [[9.80897665e-01 8.94462891e-04 1.79657674e-02 1.21052389e-04
1.21052389e-04]
[8.78679856e-01 1.18916387e-01 8.01252314e-04 8.01252314e-04
8.01252314e-04]]

import numpy as np

def L1(yhat, y):
    """
    Arguments:
    yhat -- vector of size m (predicted labels)
    y -- vector of size m (true labels)
    
    Returns:
    loss -- the value of the L1 loss function defined above
    """
    
    ### START CODE HERE ### (≈ 1 line of code)
    loss = np.sum(np.abs(y-yhat))
    ### END CODE HERE ###
    
    return loss
yhat = np.array([.9, 0.2, 0.1, .4, .9])
y = np.array([1, 0, 0, 1, 1])
print("L1 = " + str(L1(yhat,y)))

out:L1 = 1.1

dot函数为numpy库下的一个函数，主要用于矩阵的乘法运算，其中包括：向量内积、多维矩阵乘法和矩阵与向量的乘法。

import numpy as np
def L2(yhat, y):
    """
    Arguments:
    yhat -- vector of size m (predicted labels)
    y -- vector of size m (true labels)
    
    Returns:
    loss -- the value of the L2 loss function defined above
    """
    
    ### START CODE HERE ### (≈ 1 line of code)
    loss = np.dot((y-yhat),(y-yhat).T)
    ### END CODE HERE ###
    
    return loss
    yhat = np.array([.9, 0.2, 0.1, .4, .9])
y = np.array([1, 0, 0, 1, 1])
print("L2 = " + str(L2(yhat,y)))

out:L2 = 0.43