wangyi.py爬虫文件
import scrapy
from selenium import webdriver
from wangyipro.items import WangyiproItem
class WangyiSpider(scrapy.Spider):
name = 'wangyi'
# allowed_domains = ['www.xxx.com']
start_urls = ['https://news.163.com/']
models_urls = []
# 实例化浏览器对象
def __init__(self):
path = 'C:\Program Files (x86)\Google\Chrome\Application\chromedriver'
self.bro = webdriver.Chrome(path)
def parse(self, response):
li_list = response.xpath('//*[@id="index2016_wrap"]/div[1]/div[2]/div[2]/div[2]/div[2]/div/ul/li')
alist = [3,4,6,7,8]
for index in alist:
model_url = li_list[index].xpath('./a/@href').extract_first()
self.models_urls.append(model_url)
# 发请求
for url in self.models_urls:
yield scrapy.Request(url,callback = self.parse_model)
# 解析标题和详情页
def parse_model(self,response):
page_list = response.xpath('/html/body/div/div[3]/div[4]/div[1]/div/div/ul/li/div/div | /html/body/div/div[3]/div[2]/div[2]/div[1]/div[1]/div/ul/li/div/div')
t = response.xpath('/html/body/div/div[3]/div[2]/div[1]/span/span/text() | /html/body/div/div[3]/div[1]/div[1]/span/span/text()')
# print(t)
for url in page_list:
title = url.xpath('.//h3/a/text()').extract_first()
new_url = url.xpath('.//h3/a/@href').extract_first()
item = WangyiproItem()
item['title'] = title
yield scrapy.Request(new_url,callback = self.parse_detail,meta = {'item':item})
def parse_detail(self,response):
content = response.xpath('//*[@id="content"]/div[2]//text()').extract()
content = ''.join(content)
item = response.meta['item']
item['content'] = content
yield item
def closed(self,spider):
self.bro.quit()
settings.py配置文件
# Scrapy settings for wangyipro project
#
# For simplicity, this file contains only settings considered important or
# commonly used. You can find more settings consulting the documentation:
#
# https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/settings.html
# https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html
# https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/spider-middleware.html
BOT_NAME = 'wangyipro'
SPIDER_MODULES = ['wangyipro.spiders']
NEWSPIDER_MODULE = 'wangyipro.spiders'
# Crawl responsibly by identifying yourself (and your website) on the user-agent
#USER_AGENT = 'wangyipro (+http://www.yourdomain.com)'
LOG_LEVEL = 'ERROR'
# Obey robots.txt rules
ROBOTSTXT_OBEY = False
# Configure maximum concurrent requests performed by Scrapy (default: 16)
#CONCURRENT_REQUESTS = 32
# Configure a delay for requests for the same website (default: 0)
# See https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/settings.html#download-delay
# See also autothrottle settings and docs
#DOWNLOAD_DELAY = 3
# The download delay setting will honor only one of:
#CONCURRENT_REQUESTS_PER_DOMAIN = 16
#CONCURRENT_REQUESTS_PER_IP = 16
# Disable cookies (enabled by default)
#COOKIES_ENABLED = False
# Disable Telnet Console (enabled by default)
#TELNETCONSOLE_ENABLED = False
# Override the default request headers:
#DEFAULT_REQUEST_HEADERS = {
# 'Accept': 'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8',
# 'Accept-Language': 'en',
#}
# Enable or disable spider middlewares
# See https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/spider-middleware.html
#SPIDER_MIDDLEWARES = {
# 'wangyipro.middlewares.WangyiproSpiderMiddleware': 543,
#}
# Enable or disable downloader middlewares
# See https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html
DOWNLOADER_MIDDLEWARES = {
'wangyipro.middlewares.WangyiproDownloaderMiddleware': 543,
}
# Enable or disable extensions
# See https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/extensions.html
#EXTENSIONS = {
# 'scrapy.extensions.telnet.TelnetConsole': None,
#}
# Configure item pipelines
# See https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/item-pipeline.html
ITEM_PIPELINES = {
'wangyipro.pipelines.WangyiproPipeline': 300,
}
# Enable and configure the AutoThrottle extension (disabled by default)
# See https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/autothrottle.html
#AUTOTHROTTLE_ENABLED = True
# The initial download delay
#AUTOTHROTTLE_START_DELAY = 5
# The maximum download delay to be set in case of high latencies
#AUTOTHROTTLE_MAX_DELAY = 60
# The average number of requests Scrapy should be sending in parallel to
# each remote server
#AUTOTHROTTLE_TARGET_CONCURRENCY = 1.0
# Enable showing throttling stats for every response received:
#AUTOTHROTTLE_DEBUG = False
# Enable and configure HTTP caching (disabled by default)
# See https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html#httpcache-middleware-settings
#HTTPCACHE_ENABLED = True
#HTTPCACHE_EXPIRATION_SECS = 0
#HTTPCACHE_DIR = 'httpcache'
#HTTPCACHE_IGNORE_HTTP_CODES = []
#HTTPCACHE_STORAGE = 'scrapy.extensions.httpcache.FilesystemCacheStorage'
middlewares.py(下载)中间件
# Define here the models for your spider middleware
#
# See documentation in:
# https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/spider-middleware.html
from scrapy import signals
from scrapy.http import HtmlResponse
from time import sleep
# useful for handling different item types with a single interface
from itemadapter import is_item, ItemAdapter
class WangyiproDownloaderMiddleware:
# Not all methods need to be defined. If a method is not defined,
# scrapy acts as if the downloader middleware does not modify the
# passed objects.
def process_request(self, request, spider):
# Called for each request that goes through the downloader
# middleware.
# Must either:
# - return None: continue processing this request
# - or return a Response object
# - or return a Request object
# - or raise IgnoreRequest: process_exception() methods of
# installed downloader middleware will be called
return None
# 拦截五大板块但对应的相应对象
def process_response(self, request, response, spider):
bro = spider.bro # 获取爬虫类中浏览器对象
if request.url in spider.models_urls:
bro.get(request.url)
sleep(2)
# 新响应数据
page_text = bro.page_source
new_response = HtmlResponse(url= request.url,body = page_text,encoding = 'utf-8',request= request)
return new_response
else:
return response
def process_exception(self, request, exception, spider):
# Called when a download handler or a process_request()
# (from other downloader middleware) raises an exception.
# Must either:
# - return None: continue processing this exception
# - return a Response object: stops process_exception() chain
# - return a Request object: stops process_exception() chain
pass
items.py
# Define here the models for your scraped items
#
# See documentation in:
# https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/items.html
import scrapy
class WangyiproItem(scrapy.Item):
# define the fields for your item here like:
title = scrapy.Field()
content = scrapy.Field()
pass
pipelines.py管道类
# Define your item pipelines here
#
# Don't forget to add your pipeline to the ITEM_PIPELINES setting
# See: https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/item-pipeline.html
# useful for handling different item types with a single interface
from itemadapter import ItemAdapter
class WangyiproPipeline:
def process_item(self, item, spider):
print(item)
return item