1.3 Mapper代理开发

2.3.1 Mapper代理开发概述

之前我们写的代码是基本使用方式，它也存在硬编码的问题，如下：

 这里调用 selectList() 方法传递的参数是映射配置文件中的 namespace.id值。这样写也不便于后期的维护。如果使用 Mapper 代理方式（如下图）则不存在硬编码问题。

通过上面的描述可以看出 Mapper 代理方式的目的：

• 解决原生方式中的硬编码

• 简化后期执行SQL

Mybatis 官网也是推荐使用 Mapper 代理的方式。下图是截止官网的图片

1.3.2 使用Mapper代理要求

使用Mapper代理方式，必须满足以下要求：

• 定义与SQL映射文件同名的Mapper接口，并且将Mapper接口和SQL映射文件放置在同一目录下。如下图：

设置SQL映射文件的namespace属性为Mapper接口全限定名

<mapper namespace="org.example.mapper.UserMapper">
    <select id="selectAll" resultType="org.example.pojo.User">
        select * from tb_user
    </select>
</mapper>

 在 Mapper 接口中定义方法，方法名就是SQL映射文件中sql语句的id，并保持参数类型和返回值类型一致

 

2.3.3 案例代码实现

• 在 org.example.mapper 包下创建 UserMapper接口，代码如下：

package org.example.mapper;

import org.example.pojo.User;

import java.util.List;

public interface UserMapper {
    List<User> selectAll();
}

 在 resources 下创建 org/example/mapper 目录，并在该目录下创建 UserMapper.xml 映射配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "https://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<!--
    namespace:名称空间。必须是对应接口的全限定名
-->
<mapper namespace="org.example.mapper.UserMapper">
    <select id="selectAll" resultType="org.example.pojo.User">
        select * from tb_user
    </select>
</mapper>

在MyBatisDemo类中添加test1方法

package org.example;

import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;
import org.example.mapper.UserMapper;
import org.example.pojo.User;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.List;

public class MyBatisDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        test1();
    }

    public static void test0() throws IOException {
        String resource = "mybatis-config.xml";
        InputStream inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream(resource);
        SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream);
        SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
        List<User> users = sqlSession.selectList("test.selectAll");
        System.out.println(users);
        sqlSession.close();
    }
    public static void test1() throws IOException {
        String resource = "mybatis-config.xml";
        InputStream inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream(resource);
        SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream);
        SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
        UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
        List<User> users = mapper.selectAll();
        System.out.println(users);
        sqlSession.close();
    }
}

运行结果

D:\Java\jdk-1.8\bin\java.exe "-javaagent:D:\JetBrains\IntelliJ IDEA 2023.2.5\lib\idea_rt.jar=50245:D:\JetBrains\IntelliJ IDEA 2023.2.5\bin" -Dfile.encoding=UTF-8 -classpath D:\Java\jdk-1.8\jre\lib\charsets.jar;D:\Java\jdk-1.8\jre\lib\deploy.jar;D:\Java\jdk-1.8\jre\lib\ext\access-bridge-64.jar;D:\Java\jdk-1.8\jre\lib\ext\cldrdata.jar;D:\Java\jdk-1.8\jre\lib\ext\dnsns.jar;D:\Java\jdk-1.8\jre\lib\ext\jaccess.jar;D:\Java\jdk-1.8\jre\lib\ext\jfxrt.jar;D:\Java\jdk-1.8\jre\lib\ext\localedata.jar;D:\Java\jdk-1.8\jre\lib\ext\nashorn.jar;D:\Java\jdk-1.8\jre\lib\ext\sunec.jar;D:\Java\jdk-1.8\jre\lib\ext\sunjce_provider.jar;D:\Java\jdk-1.8\jre\lib\ext\sunmscapi.jar;D:\Java\jdk-1.8\jre\lib\ext\sunpkcs11.jar;D:\Java\jdk-1.8\jre\lib\ext\zipfs.jar;D:\Java\jdk-1.8\jre\lib\javaws.jar;D:\Java\jdk-1.8\jre\lib\jce.jar;D:\Java\jdk-1.8\jre\lib\jfr.jar;D:\Java\jdk-1.8\jre\lib\jfxswt.jar;D:\Java\jdk-1.8\jre\lib\jsse.jar;D:\Java\jdk-1.8\jre\lib\management-agent.jar;D:\Java\jdk-1.8\jre\lib\plugin.jar;D:\Java\jdk-1.8\jre\lib\resources.jar;D:\Java\jdk-1.8\jre\lib\rt.jar;D:\idea2023.3workspace\Mybatis_you\mybatis_you\target\classes;D:\maven\repository\org\mybatis\mybatis\3.5.5\mybatis-3.5.5.jar;D:\maven\repository\org\slf4j\slf4j-api\1.7.20\slf4j-api-1.7.20.jar;D:\maven\repository\ch\qos\logback\logback-classic\1.2.3\logback-classic-1.2.3.jar;D:\maven\repository\ch\qos\logback\logback-core\1.2.3\logback-core-1.2.3.jar;D:\maven\repository\mysql\mysql-connector-java\8.0.13\mysql-connector-java-8.0.13.jar;D:\maven\repository\com\google\protobuf\protobuf-java\3.6.1\protobuf-java-3.6.1.jar org.example.MyBatisDemo
[DEBUG]  [main] o.a.i.l.LogFactory - Logging initialized using 'class org.apache.ibatis.logging.slf4j.Slf4jImpl' adapter. 
[DEBUG]  [main] o.a.i.d.p.PooledDataSource - PooledDataSource forcefully closed/removed all connections. 
[DEBUG]  [main] o.a.i.d.p.PooledDataSource - PooledDataSource forcefully closed/removed all connections. 
[DEBUG]  [main] o.a.i.d.p.PooledDataSource - PooledDataSource forcefully closed/removed all connections. 
[DEBUG]  [main] o.a.i.d.p.PooledDataSource - PooledDataSource forcefully closed/removed all connections. 
[DEBUG]  [main] o.a.i.t.j.JdbcTransaction - Opening JDBC Connection 
[DEBUG]  [main] o.a.i.d.p.PooledDataSource - Created connection 318857719. 
[DEBUG]  [main] o.a.i.t.j.JdbcTransaction - Setting autocommit to false on JDBC Connection [com.mysql.cj.jdbc.ConnectionImpl@130161f7] 
[DEBUG]  [main] o.e.m.U.selectAll - ==>  Preparing: select * from tb_user 
[DEBUG]  [main] o.e.m.U.selectAll - ==> Parameters:  
[DEBUG]  [main] o.e.m.U.selectAll - <==      Total: 3 
[User{id=1, username='zhangsan', password='123', gender='男', addr='北京'}, User{id=2, username='李四', password='234', gender='女', addr='天津'}, User{id=3, username='王五', password='11', gender='男', addr='西安'}]
[DEBUG]  [main] o.a.i.t.j.JdbcTransaction - Resetting autocommit to true on JDBC Connection [com.mysql.cj.jdbc.ConnectionImpl@130161f7] 
[DEBUG]  [main] o.a.i.t.j.JdbcTransaction - Closing JDBC Connection [com.mysql.cj.jdbc.ConnectionImpl@130161f7] 
[DEBUG]  [main] o.a.i.d.p.PooledDataSource - Returned connection 318857719 to pool. 

进程已结束，退出代码为 0

==注意：==

如果Mapper接口名称和SQL映射文件名称相同，并在同一目录下，则可以使用包扫描的方式简化SQL映射文件的加载，那么org.example.mapper目录下的同名xml文件都会映射到org.example.mapper目录下的mapper文件

。也就是将核心配置文件的加载映射配置文件的配置修改为

  <mappers>
        <!--加载sql映射文件-->
<!--        <mapper resource="org/example/mapper/UserMapper.xml"/>-->

        <!--Mapper代理方式-->
        <package name="org.example.mapper"/>

    </mappers>