DispatcherServlet 源码解析

protected void doService(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
		//log记录request日志
		logRequest(request);

		// Keep a snapshot of the request attributes in case of an include,
		// to be able to restore the original attributes after the include.
		//如果是一个内部请求，则记录请求参数快照
		Map<String, Object> attributesSnapshot = null;
		if (WebUtils.isIncludeRequest(request)) {
			attributesSnapshot = new HashMap<>();
			Enumeration<?> attrNames = request.getAttributeNames();
			while (attrNames.hasMoreElements()) {
				String attrName = (String) attrNames.nextElement();
				if (this.cleanupAfterInclude || attrName.startsWith(DEFAULT_STRATEGIES_PREFIX)) {
					attributesSnapshot.put(attrName, request.getAttribute(attrName));
				}
			}
		}

		// Make framework objects available to handlers and view objects.
		request.setAttribute(WEB_APPLICATION_CONTEXT_ATTRIBUTE, getWebApplicationContext());
		request.setAttribute(LOCALE_RESOLVER_ATTRIBUTE, this.localeResolver);
		request.setAttribute(THEME_RESOLVER_ATTRIBUTE, this.themeResolver);
		request.setAttribute(THEME_SOURCE_ATTRIBUTE, getThemeSource());
		//用于RedirectView时保存数据
		if (this.flashMapManager != null) {
			FlashMap inputFlashMap = this.flashMapManager.retrieveAndUpdate(request, response);
			if (inputFlashMap != null) {
				request.setAttribute(INPUT_FLASH_MAP_ATTRIBUTE, Collections.unmodifiableMap(inputFlashMap));
			}
			request.setAttribute(OUTPUT_FLASH_MAP_ATTRIBUTE, new FlashMap());
			request.setAttribute(FLASH_MAP_MANAGER_ATTRIBUTE, this.flashMapManager);
		}

		try {
			doDispatch(request, response);
		}
		finally {
			if (!WebAsyncUtils.getAsyncManager(request).isConcurrentHandlingStarted()) {
				// Restore the original attribute snapshot, in case of an include.
				if (attributesSnapshot != null) {
					restoreAttributesAfterInclude(request, attributesSnapshot);
				}
			}
		}
	}

protected void doDispatch(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
		HttpServletRequest processedRequest = request;
		HandlerExecutionChain mappedHandler = null;
		boolean multipartRequestParsed = false;
		//获取异步请求中心
		WebAsyncManager asyncManager = WebAsyncUtils.getAsyncManager(request);

		try {
			ModelAndView mv = null;
			Exception dispatchException = null;

			try {
				//处理request
				processedRequest = checkMultipart(request);
				multipartRequestParsed = (processedRequest != request);

				// Determine handler for the current request.
				//在handlerMappings中遍历通过HandlerMapping.getHandler(request);获取处理器 
				mappedHandler = getHandler(processedRequest);
				if (mappedHandler == null) {
					noHandlerFound(processedRequest, response);
					return;
				}

				// Determine handler adapter for the current request.
				//获取当前请求的适配器，通过遍历handlerAdapters根据HandlerAdapter.supports(handler)获取适配器
				//一般为RequestMappingHandlerAdapter
				HandlerAdapter ha = getHandlerAdapter(mappedHandler.getHandler());

				// Process last-modified header, if supported by the handler.
				String method = request.getMethod();
				boolean isGet = "GET".equals(method);
				if (isGet || "HEAD".equals(method)) {
					long lastModified = ha.getLastModified(request, mappedHandler.getHandler());
					if (new ServletWebRequest(request, response).checkNotModified(lastModified) && isGet) {
						return;
					}
				}
				//调用拦截器的预处理方法
				if (!mappedHandler.applyPreHandle(processedRequest, response)) {
					return;
				}

				// 真正处理请求返回数据.
				mv = ha.handle(processedRequest, response, mappedHandler.getHandler());

				if (asyncManager.isConcurrentHandlingStarted()) {
					return;
				}

				applyDefaultViewName(processedRequest, mv);
				mappedHandler.applyPostHandle(processedRequest, response, mv);
			}
			catch (Exception ex) {
				dispatchException = ex;
			}
			catch (Throwable err) {
				// As of 4.3, we're processing Errors thrown from handler methods as well,
				// making them available for @ExceptionHandler methods and other scenarios.
				dispatchException = new NestedServletException("Handler dispatch failed", err);
			}
			processDispatchResult(processedRequest, response, mappedHandler, mv, dispatchException);
		}
		catch (Exception ex) {
			triggerAfterCompletion(processedRequest, response, mappedHandler, ex);
		}
		catch (Throwable err) {
			triggerAfterCompletion(processedRequest, response, mappedHandler,
					new NestedServletException("Handler processing failed", err));
		}
		finally {
			if (asyncManager.isConcurrentHandlingStarted()) {
				// Instead of postHandle and afterCompletion
				if (mappedHandler != null) {
					mappedHandler.applyAfterConcurrentHandlingStarted(processedRequest, response);
				}
			}
			else {
				// Clean up any resources used by a multipart request.
				if (multipartRequestParsed) {
					cleanupMultipart(processedRequest);
				}
			}
		}
	}

适配器处理获取返回数据过程

mv = ha.handle(processedRequest, response, mappedHandler.getHandler());

public abstract class AbstractHandlerMethodAdapter extends WebContentGenerator implements HandlerAdapter, Ordered {
public final ModelAndView handle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler)
			throws Exception {

		return handleInternal(request, response, (HandlerMethod) handler);
	}
}

public class RequestMappingHandlerAdapter extends AbstractHandlerMethodAdapter
		implements BeanFactoryAware, InitializingBean {
		
	protected ModelAndView invokeHandlerMethod(HttpServletRequest request,
			HttpServletResponse response, HandlerMethod handlerMethod) throws Exception {

		ServletWebRequest webRequest = new ServletWebRequest(request, response);
		try {
			//数据绑定工厂
			WebDataBinderFactory binderFactory = getDataBinderFactory(handlerMethod);
			//模型工厂
			ModelFactory modelFactory = getModelFactory(handlerMethod, binderFactory);
			//处理请求和响应的一个类
			ServletInvocableHandlerMethod invocableMethod = createInvocableHandlerMethod(handlerMethod);
			//设置参数处理器
			if (this.argumentResolvers != null) {
				invocableMethod.setHandlerMethodArgumentResolvers(this.argumentResolvers);
			}
			//设置返回值处理器
			if (this.returnValueHandlers != null) {
				invocableMethod.setHandlerMethodReturnValueHandlers(this.returnValueHandlers);
			}
			invocableMethod.setDataBinderFactory(binderFactory);
			invocableMethod.setParameterNameDiscoverer(this.parameterNameDiscoverer);

			ModelAndViewContainer mavContainer = new ModelAndViewContainer();
			mavContainer.addAllAttributes(RequestContextUtils.getInputFlashMap(request));
			modelFactory.initModel(webRequest, mavContainer, invocableMethod);
			mavContainer.setIgnoreDefaultModelOnRedirect(this.ignoreDefaultModelOnRedirect);

			AsyncWebRequest asyncWebRequest = WebAsyncUtils.createAsyncWebRequest(request, response);
			asyncWebRequest.setTimeout(this.asyncRequestTimeout);

			WebAsyncManager asyncManager = WebAsyncUtils.getAsyncManager(request);
			asyncManager.setTaskExecutor(this.taskExecutor);
			asyncManager.setAsyncWebRequest(asyncWebRequest);
			asyncManager.registerCallableInterceptors(this.callableInterceptors);
			asyncManager.registerDeferredResultInterceptors(this.deferredResultInterceptors);

			if (asyncManager.hasConcurrentResult()) {
				Object result = asyncManager.getConcurrentResult();
				mavContainer = (ModelAndViewContainer) asyncManager.getConcurrentResultContext()[0];
				asyncManager.clearConcurrentResult();
				LogFormatUtils.traceDebug(logger, traceOn -> {
					String formatted = LogFormatUtils.formatValue(result, !traceOn);
					return "Resume with async result [" + formatted + "]";
				});
				invocableMethod = invocableMethod.wrapConcurrentResult(result);
			}
			//反射并处理返回值
			invocableMethod.invokeAndHandle(webRequest, mavContainer);
			if (asyncManager.isConcurrentHandlingStarted()) {
				return null;
			}
			//获取返回模型视图
			return getModelAndView(mavContainer, modelFactory, webRequest);
		}
		finally {
			webRequest.requestCompleted();
		}
	}

}

反射方法并处理返回值

public class ServletInvocableHandlerMethod extends InvocableHandlerMethod {
public void invokeAndHandle(ServletWebRequest webRequest, ModelAndViewContainer mavContainer,
			Object... providedArgs) throws Exception {
		//反射执行方法获取返回值
		Object returnValue = invokeForRequest(webRequest, mavContainer, providedArgs);
		//设置response的错误码和错误信息
		setResponseStatus(webRequest);

		if (returnValue == null) {
			if (isRequestNotModified(webRequest) || getResponseStatus() != null || mavContainer.isRequestHandled()) {
				disableContentCachingIfNecessary(webRequest);
				mavContainer.setRequestHandled(true);
				return;
			}
		}
		else if (StringUtils.hasText(getResponseStatusReason())) {
			mavContainer.setRequestHandled(true);
			return;
		}

		mavContainer.setRequestHandled(false);
		Assert.state(this.returnValueHandlers != null, "No return value handlers");
		try {
			//处理返回值
			this.returnValueHandlers.handleReturnValue(
					returnValue, getReturnValueType(returnValue), mavContainer, webRequest);
		}
		catch (Exception ex) {
			if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
				logger.trace(formatErrorForReturnValue(returnValue), ex);
			}
			throw ex;
		}
	}
	public Object invokeForRequest(NativeWebRequest request, @Nullable ModelAndViewContainer mavContainer,
			Object... providedArgs) throws Exception {
		//获取方法入参
		Object[] args = getMethodArgumentValues(request, mavContainer, providedArgs);
		if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
			logger.trace("Arguments: " + Arrays.toString(args));
		}
		//执行方法
		return doInvoke(args);
	}
	protected Object doInvoke(Object... args) throws Exception {
		ReflectionUtils.makeAccessible(getBridgedMethod());
		try {
			return getBridgedMethod().invoke(getBean(), args);
		}
		catch (IllegalArgumentException ex) {
			assertTargetBean(getBridgedMethod(), getBean(), args);
			String text = (ex.getMessage() != null ? ex.getMessage() : "Illegal argument");
			throw new IllegalStateException(formatInvokeError(text, args), ex);
		}
		catch (InvocationTargetException ex) {
			// Unwrap for HandlerExceptionResolvers ...
			Throwable targetException = ex.getTargetException();
			if (targetException instanceof RuntimeException) {
				throw (RuntimeException) targetException;
			}
			else if (targetException instanceof Error) {
				throw (Error) targetException;
			}
			else if (targetException instanceof Exception) {
				throw (Exception) targetException;
			}
			else {
				throw new IllegalStateException(formatInvokeError("Invocation failure", args), targetException);
			}
		}
	}
}

大致流程：处理request->根据handlerMappings获取HandlerExecutionChain->根据HandlerExecutionChain获取HandlerAdapter适配器->HandlerExecutionChain预处理request->通过适配器获取返回模型视图->HandlerExecutionChain后处理数据

通过适配器获取返回模型视图的流程：
通过反射获取方法返回值->设置response返回状态码和信息->如果有返回值调用返回值处理器