.NetCore使用SignalR消息推送

1: 在表示层和组件层(Componets)分别添加Nuget包(vs2.1版本安装Microsoft.AspNetCore.SignalR1.0.1版本)

2. 在组件层新建一个NotificationHub类

using Microsoft.AspNetCore.SignalR;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace JiaHua.Market.Component
{
    public class NotificationHub : Hub
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 建立连接时触发
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public override async Task OnConnectedAsync()
        {
            await Clients.All.SendAsync("ShangXian", Context.ConnectionId);//ShangXian 该参数是定义的一个字符串方法 方法名称自定义
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 离开连接时触发
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="ex"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public override async Task OnDisconnectedAsync(Exception ex)
        {
            await Clients.All.SendAsync("XiaXian", Context.ConnectionId);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 向所有人推送消息
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="message"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public Task Send(string message)
        {
            return Clients.All.SendAsync("ReceiveMessage", $"{message}");
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 向指定组推送消息
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="groupName"></param>
        /// <param name="message"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public Task SendToGroup(string groupName, string message)
        {
            return Clients.Group(groupName).SendAsync("ReceiveMessage", $"{Context.ConnectionId}@{groupName}: {message}");
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 加入指定组并向组推送消息
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="groupName"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public async Task JoinGroup(string groupName)
        {
            await Groups.AddToGroupAsync(Context.ConnectionId, groupName);
            await Clients.Group(groupName).SendAsync("ReceiveMessage", $"{Context.ConnectionId} joined {groupName}");
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 退出指定组并向组推送消息
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="groupName"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public async Task LeaveGroup(string groupName)
        {
            await Groups.RemoveFromGroupAsync(Context.ConnectionId, groupName);

            await Clients.Group(groupName).SendAsync("ReceiveMessage", $"{Context.ConnectionId} left {groupName}");
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 向指定Id推送消息
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="userid">要推送消息的对象</param>
        /// <param name="message"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public Task Echo(string userid, string message)
        {
            return Clients.Client(userid).SendAsync("Shou", Context.ConnectionId, message);
        }

    }
}

3 在UI层下Startup类中的ConfigureServices方法下添加注册signalr服务代码

 //注册signalr服务
 services.AddSignalR();

4. 在UI层下Startup类中的Configure方法下添加注册signalr中间件代码

//注册signalr消息推送中间件
 app.UseSignalR(route=>          
 {
    //映射一个Hub
   route.MapHub<NotificationHub>("/notifyHub");
 });

5.在控制器Account（Account表示自定义的控制器）的登陆方法中添加一个注入的NotificationHub接口

private IUserInfoService userInfoService;
 private IHubContext<NotificationHub> hubContext;
 public AccountController(IUserInfoService userInfoService, IHubContext<NotificationHub> hubContext)
 {
       this.hubContext = hubContext;
       this.userInfoService = userInfoService;
 }

 

6. 在表示层下的Account（view下自定义的文件夹）文件夹中Login.cshtml页面建立、开启连接

页面引入signalr.js （该js在最后一步有具体代码）

<script>
    $(function () {
        //创建websocket连接
        const connection = new signalR.HubConnectionBuilder().withUrl("/notifyHub").build();
        //连接开启
        connection.start().catch(err => console.error(err.toString()));
    });
</script>

注意：在中间件注册时的命名（/notifyHub）要和Login页面中的创建websocket的命名（/notifyHub）一致 

7.1 在表示层中AccountController控制器下的ValidateLogin验证登录方法下发送系统公告---广播

//发送一个系统公告
await _hubContext.Clients.All.SendAsync("ReceiveMessage","今天下午放假！");

7.2 在表示层中AccountController控制器下的ValidateLogin验证登录方法下发送单条信息---单点

//做单点新加的一段
identity.AddClaim(new Claim(ClaimTypes.NameIdentifier, admin.AdminId.ToString()));
//好友上线
await _hubContext.Clients.User("1").SendAsync("ReceiveMessage", $"你的好友{admin.LoginName}上线了");

 注意：在调用NotificationHub.cs类的对应方法时你给的第一个参数值要和NotificationHub类中方法已写好的参数值一致

例如：

7.3 在表示层中AccountController控制器下添加定时器、发信息方法并在ValidateLogin验证登录方法下调用定时器方法---轮播

 /// <summary>
        /// 定时器
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public void TimerSend()
        {
            Timer t = new Timer(SendMessageAsync, null, 0, 1000);             
        }
 
 
        /// <summary>
        /// 发信息
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public void SendMessageAsync(object a)
        {
            string userid = Guid.NewGuid().ToString();
            _hubContext.Clients.All.SendAsync("ReceiveMessage", $"用户Id{userid}中奖了！");            
        }

 然后调用TimerSend()方法就行

8. 在表示层下的Home文件夹中Index.cshtml页面创建websocket连接、接收信息、开启连接

页面引入signalr.js

<script type="text/javascript">
     $(function () {
        //创建websocket连接
         const connection = new signalR.HubConnectionBuilder().withUrl("/notifyHub").build();
         //接收消息
         connection.on("ReceiveMessage", (mssg) => {
             var html = "<span style='float:right'>" + mssg + "</span>";
             $("#Message span").remove();
             $("#Message").append(html);
         });
        //连接开启
        connection.start().catch(err => console.error(err.toString()));
    });
</script>

最后记得在表示层wwwroot下lib文件夹中新建一个signalr文件夹并在其中添加一个signalr.js

/* @license
 * Copyright (c) .NET Foundation. All rights reserved.
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0. See License.txt in the project root for license information.
 */
(function (global, factory) {
	typeof exports === 'object' && typeof module !== 'undefined' ? module.exports = factory() :
	typeof define === 'function' && define.amd ? define(factory) :
	(global.signalR = factory());
}(this, (function () { 'use strict';

var commonjsGlobal = typeof window !== 'undefined' ? window : typeof global !== 'undefined' ? global : typeof self !== 'undefined' ? self : {};

function commonjsRequire () {
	throw new Error('Dynamic requires are not currently supported by rollup-plugin-commonjs');
}

function unwrapExports (x) {
	return x && x.__esModule && Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(x, 'default') ? x['default'] : x;
}

function createCommonjsModule(fn, module) {
	return module = { exports: {} }, fn(module, module.exports), module.exports;
}

var es6Promise_auto = createCommonjsModule(function (module, exports) {
/*!
 * @overview es6-promise - a tiny implementation of Promises/A+.
 * @copyright Copyright (c) 2014 Yehuda Katz, Tom Dale, Stefan Penner and contributors (Conversion to ES6 API by Jake Archibald)
 * @license   Licensed under MIT license
 *            See https://raw.githubusercontent.com/stefanpenner/es6-promise/master/LICENSE
 * @version   v4.2.2+97478eb6
 */

(function (global, factory) {
	module.exports = factory();
}(commonjsGlobal, (function () { function objectOrFunction(x) {
  var type = typeof x;
  return x !== null && (type === 'object' || type === 'function');
}

function isFunction(x) {
  return typeof x === 'function';
}



var _isArray = void 0;
if (Array.isArray) {
  _isArray = Array.isArray;
} else {
  _isArray = function (x) {
    return Object.prototype.toString.call(x) === '[object Array]';
  };
}

var isArray = _isArray;

var len = 0;
var vertxNext = void 0;
var customSchedulerFn = void 0;

var asap = function asap(callback, arg) {
  queue[len] = callback;
  queue[len + 1] = arg;
  len += 2;
  if (len === 2) {
    // If len is 2, that means that we need to schedule an async flush.
    // If additional callbacks are queued before the queue is flushed, they
    // will be processed by this flush that we are scheduling.
    if (customSchedulerFn) {
      customSchedulerFn(flush);
    } else {
      scheduleFlush();
    }
  }
};

function setScheduler(scheduleFn) {
  customSchedulerFn = scheduleFn;
}

function setAsap(asapFn) {
  asap = asapFn;
}

var browserWindow = typeof window !== 'undefined' ? window : undefined;
var browserGlobal = browserWindow || {};
var BrowserMutationObserver = browserGlobal.MutationObserver || browserGlobal.WebKitMutationObserver;
var isNode = typeof self === 'undefined' && typeof process !== 'undefined' && {}.toString.call(process) === '[object process]';

// test for web worker but not in IE10
var isWorker = typeof Uint8ClampedArray !== 'undefined' && typeof importScripts !== 'undefined' && typeof MessageChannel !== 'undefined';

// node
function useNextTick() {
  // node version 0.10.x displays a deprecation warning when nextTick is used recursively
  // see https://github.com/cujojs/when/issues/410 for details
  return function () {
    return process.nextTick(flush);
  };
}

// vertx
function useVertxTimer() {
  if (typeof vertxNext !== 'undefined') {
    return function () {
      vertxNext(flush);
    };
  }

  return useSetTimeout();
}

function useMutationObserver() {
  var iterations = 0;
  var observer = new BrowserMutationObserver(flush);
  var node = document.createTextNode('');
  observer.observe(node, { characterData: true });

  return function () {
    node.data = iterations = ++iterations % 2;
  };
}

// web worker
function useMessageChannel() {
  var channel = new MessageChannel();
  channel.port1.onmessage = flush;
  return function () {
    return channel.port2.postMessage(0);
  };
}

function useSetTimeout() {
  // Store setTimeout reference so es6-promise will be unaffected by
  // other code modifying setTimeout (like sinon.useFakeTimers())
  var globalSetTimeout = setTimeout;
  return function () {
    return globalSetTimeout(flush, 1);
  };
}

var queue = new Array(1000);
function flush() {
  for (var i = 0; i < len; i += 2) {
    var callback = queue[i];
    var arg = queue[i + 1];

    callback(arg);

    queue[i] = undefined;
    queue[i + 1] = undefined;
  }

  len = 0;
}

function attemptVertx() {
  try {
    var r = commonjsRequire;
    var vertx = r('vertx');
    vertxNext = vertx.runOnLoop || vertx.runOnContext;
    return useVertxTimer();
  } catch (e) {
    return useSetTimeout();
  }
}

var scheduleFlush = void 0;
// Decide what async method to use to triggering processing of queued callbacks:
if (isNode) {
  scheduleFlush = useNextTick();
} else if (BrowserMutationObserver) {
  scheduleFlush = useMutationObserver();
} else if (isWorker) {
  scheduleFlush = useMessageChannel();
} else if (browserWindow === undefined && typeof commonjsRequire === 'function') {
  scheduleFlush = attemptVertx();
} else {
  scheduleFlush = useSetTimeout();
}

function then(onFulfillment, onRejection) {
  var parent = this;

  var child = new this.constructor(noop);

  if (child[PROMISE_ID] === undefined) {
    makePromise(child);
  }

  var _state = parent._state;


  if (_state) {
    var callback = arguments[_state - 1];
    asap(function () {
      return invokeCallback(_state, child, callback, parent._result);
    });
  } else {
    subscribe(parent, child, onFulfillment, onRejection);
  }

  return child;
}

/**
  `Promise.resolve` returns a promise that will become resolved with the
  passed `value`. It is shorthand for the following:

  ```javascript
  let promise = new Promise(function(resolve, reject){
    resolve(1);
  });

  promise.then(function(value){
    // value === 1
  });
  ```

  Instead of writing the above, your code now simply becomes the following:

  ```javascript
  let promise = Promise.resolve(1);

  promise.then(function(value){
    // value === 1
  });
  ```

  @method resolve
  @static
  @param {Any} value value that the returned promise will be resolved with
  Useful for tooling.
  @return {Promise} a promise that will become fulfilled with the given
  `value`
*/
function resolve$1(object) {
  /*jshint validthis:true */
  var Constructor = this;

  if (object && typeof object === 'object' && object.constructor === Constructor) {
    return object;
  }

  var promise = new Constructor(noop);
  resolve(promise, object);
  return promise;
}

var PROMISE_ID = Math.random().toString(36).substring(16);

function noop() {}

var PENDING = void 0;
var FULFILLED = 1;
var REJECTED = 2;

var GET_THEN_ERROR = new ErrorObject();

function selfFulfillment() {
  return new TypeError("You cannot resolve a promise with itself");
}

function cannotReturnOwn() {
  return new TypeError('A promises callback cannot return that same promise.');
}

function getThen(promise) {
  try {
    return promise.then;
  } catch (error) {
    GET_THEN_ERROR.error = error;
    return GET_THEN_ERROR;
  }
}

function tryThen(then$$1, value, fulfillmentHandler, rejectionHandler) {
  try {
    then$$1.call(value, fulfillmentHandler, rejectionHandler);
  } catch (e) {
    return e;
  }
}

function handleForeignThenable(promise, thenable, then$$1) {
  asap(function (promise) {
    var sealed = false;
    var error = tryThen(then$$1, thenable, function (value) {
      if (sealed) {
        return;
      }
      sealed = true;
      if (thenable !== value) {
        resolve(promise, value);
      } else {
        fulfill(promise, value);
      }
    }, function (reason) {
      if (sealed) {
        return;
      }
      sealed = true;

      reject(promise, reason);
    }, 'Settle: ' + (promise._label || ' unknown promise'));

    if (!sealed && error) {
      sealed = true;
      reject(promise, error);
    }
  }, promise);
}

function handleOwnThenable(promise, thenable) {
  if (thenable._state === FULFILLED) {
    fulfill(promise, thenable._result);
  } else if (thenable._state === REJECTED) {
    reject(promise, thenable._result);
  } else {
    subscribe(thenable, undefined, function (value) {
      return resolve(promise, value);
    }, function (reason) {
      return reject(promise, reason);
    });
  }
}

function handleMaybeThenable(promise, maybeThenable, then$$1) {
  if (maybeThenable.constructor === promise.constructor && then$$1 === then && maybeThenable.constructor.resolve === resolve$1) {
    handleOwnThenable(promise, maybeThenable);
  } else {
    if (then$$1 === GET_THEN_ERROR) {
      reject(promise, GET_THEN_ERROR.error);
      GET_THEN_ERROR.error = null;
    } else if (then$$1 === undefined) {
      fulfill(promise, maybeThenable);
    } else if (isFunction(then$$1)) {
      handleForeignThenable(promise, maybeThenable, then$$1);
    } else {
      fulfill(promise, maybeThenable);
    }
  }
}

function resolve(promise, value) {
  if (promise === value) {
    reject(promise, selfFulfillment());
  } else if (objectOrFunction(value)) {
    handleMaybeThenable(promise, value, getThen(value));
  } else {
    fulfill(promise, value);
  }
}

function publishRejection(promise) {
  if (promise._onerror) {
    promise._onerror(promise._result);
  }

  publish(promise);
}

function fulfill(promise, value) {
  if (promise._state !== PENDING) {
    return;
  }

  promise._result = value;
  promise._state = FULFILLED;

  if (promise._subscribers.length !== 0) {
    asap(publish, promise);
  }
}

function reject(promise, reason) {
  if (promise._state !== PENDING) {
    return;
  }
  promise._state = REJECTED;
  promise._result = reason;

  asap(publishRejection, promise);
}

function subscribe(parent, child, onFulfillment, onRejection) {
  var _subscribers = parent._subscribers;
  var length = _subscribers.length;


  parent._onerror = null;

  _subscribers[length] = child;
  _subscribers[length + FULFILLED] = onFulfillment;
  _subscribers[length + REJECTED] = onRejection;

  if (length === 0 && parent._state) {
    asap(publish, parent);
  }
}

function publish(promise) {
  var subscribers = promise._subscribers;
  var settled = promise._state;

  if (subscribers.length === 0) {
    return;
  }

  var child = void 0,
      callback = void 0,
      detail = promise._result;

  for (var i = 0; i < subscribers.length; i += 3) {
    child = subscribers[i];
    callback = subscribers[i + settled];

    if (child) {
      invokeCallback(settled, child, callback, detail);
    } else {
      callback(detail);
    }
  }

  promise._subscribers.length = 0;
}

function ErrorObject() {
  this.error = null;
}

var TRY_CATCH_ERROR = new ErrorObject();

function tryCatch(callback, detail) {
  try {
    return callback(detail);
  } catch (e) {
    TRY_CATCH_ERROR.error = e;
    return TRY_CATCH_ERROR;
  }
}

function invokeCallback(settled, promise, callback, detail) {
  var hasCallback = isFunction(callback),
      value = void 0,
      error = void 0,
      succeeded = void 0,
      failed = void 0;

  if (hasCallback) {
    value = tryCatch(callback, detail);

    if (value === TRY_CATCH_ERROR) {
      failed = true;
      error = value.error;
      value.error = null;
    } else {
      succeeded = true;
    }

    if (promise === value) {
      reject(promise, cannotReturnOwn());
      return;
    }
  } else {
    value = detail;
    succeeded = true;
  }

  if (promise._state !== PENDING) {
    // noop
  } else if (hasCallback && succeeded) {
    resolve(promise, value);
  } else if (failed) {
    reject(promise, error);
  } else if (settled === FULFILLED) {
    fulfill(promise, value);
  } else if (settled === REJECTED) {
    reject(promise, value);
  }
}

function initializePromise(promise, resolver) {
  try {
    resolver(function resolvePromise(value) {
      resolve(promise, value);
    }, function rejectPromise(reason) {
      reject(promise, reason);
    });
  } catch (e) {
    reject(promise, e);
  }
}

var id = 0;
function nextId() {
  return id++;
}

function makePromise(promise) {
  promise[PROMISE_ID] = id++;
  promise._state = undefined;
  promise._result = undefined;
  promise._subscribers = [];
}

function validationError() {
  return new Error('Array Methods must be provided an Array');
}

function validationError() {
  return new Error('Array Methods must be provided an Array');
}

var Enumerator = function () {
  function Enumerator(Constructor, input) {
    this._instanceConstructor = Constructor;
    this.promise = new Constructor(noop);

    if (!this.promise[PROMISE_ID]) {
      makePromise(this.promise);
    }

    if (isArray(input)) {
      this.length = input.length;
      this._remaining = input.length;

      this._result = new Array(this.length);

      if (this.length === 0) {
        fulfill(this.promise, this._result);
      } else {
        this.length = this.length || 0;
        this._enumerate(input);
        if (this._remaining === 0) {
          fulfill(this.promise, this._result);
        }
      }
    } else {
      reject(this.promise, validationError());
    }
  }

  Enumerator.prototype._enumerate = function _enumerate(input) {
    for (var i = 0; this._state === PENDING && i < input.length; i++) {
      this._eachEntry(input[i], i);
    }
  };

  Enumerator.prototype._eachEntry = function _eachEntry(entry, i) {
    var c = this._instanceConstructor;
    var resolve$$1 = c.resolve;


    if (resolve$$1 === resolve$1) {
      var _then = getThen(entry);

      if (_then === then && entry._state !== PENDING) {
        this._settledAt(entry._state, i, entry._result);
      } else if (typeof _then !== 'function') {
        this._remaining--;
        this._result[i] = entry;
      } else if (c === Promise$2) {
        var promise = new c(noop);
        handleMaybeThenable(promise, entry, _then);
        this._willSettleAt(promise, i);
      } else {
        this._willSettleAt(new c(function (resolve$$1) {
          return resolve$$1(entry);
        }), i);
      }
    } else {
      this._willSettleAt(resolve$$1(entry), i);
    }
  };

  Enumerator.prototype._settledAt = function _settledAt(state, i, value) {
    var promise = this.promise;


    if (promise._state === PENDING) {
      this._remaining--;

      if (state === REJECTED) {
        reject(promise, value);
      } else {
        this._result[i] = value;
      }
    }

    if (this._remaining === 0) {
      fulfill(promise, this._result);
    }
  };

  Enumerator.prototype._willSettleAt = function _willSettleAt(promise, i) {
    var enumerator = this;

    subscribe(promise, undefined, function (value) {
      return enumerator._settledAt(FULFILLED, i, value);
    }, function (reason) {
      return enumerator._settledAt(REJECTED, i, reason);
    });
  };

  return Enumerator;
}();

/**
  `Promise.all` accepts an array of promises, and returns a new promise which
  is fulfilled with an array of fulfillment values for the passed promises, or
  rejected with the reason of the first passed promise to be rejected. It casts all
  elements of the passed iterable to promises as it runs this algorithm.

  Example:

  ```javascript
  let promise1 = resolve(1);
  let promise2 = resolve(2);
  let promise3 = resolve(3);
  let promises = [ promise1, promise2, promise3 ];

  Promise.all(promises).then(function(array){
    // The array here would be [ 1, 2, 3 ];
  });
  ```

  If any of the `promises` given to `all` are rejected, the first promise
  that is rejected will be given as an argument to the returned promises's
  rejection handler. For example:

  Example:

  ```javascript
  let promise1 = resolve(1);
  let promise2 = reject(new Error("2"));
  let promise3 = reject(new Error("3"));
  let promises = [ promise1, promise2, promise3 ];

  Promise.all(promises).then(function(array){
    // Code here never runs because there are rejected promises!
  }, function(error) {
    // error.message === "2"
  });
  ```

  @method all
  @static
  @param {Array} entries array of promises
  @param {String} label optional string for labeling the promise.
  Useful for tooling.
  @return {Promise} promise that is fulfilled when all `promises` have been
  fulfilled, or rejected if any of them become rejected.
  @static
*/
function all(entries) {
  return new Enumerator(this, entries).promise;
}

/**
  `Promise.race` returns a new promise which is settled in the same way as the
  first passed promise to settle.

  Example:

  ```javascript
  let promise1 = new Promise(function(resolve, reject){
    setTimeout(function(){
      resolve('promise 1');
    }, 200);
  });

  let promise2 = new Promise(function(resolve, reject){
    setTimeout(function(){
      resolve('promise 2');
    }, 100);
  });

  Promise.race([promise1, promise2]).then(function(result){
    // result === 'promise 2' because it was resolved before promise1
    // was resolved.
  });
  ```

  `Promise.race` is deterministic in that only the state of the first
  settled promise matters. For example, even if other promises given to the
  `promises` array argument are resolved, but the first settled promise has
  become rejected before the other promises became fulfilled, the returned
  promise will become rejected:

  ```javascript
  let promise1 = new Promise(function(resolve, reject){
    setTimeout(function(){
      resolve('promise 1');
    }, 200);
  });

  let promise2 = new Promise(function(resolve, reject){
    setTimeout(function(){
      reject(new Error('promise 2'));
    }, 100);
  });

  Promise.race([promise1, promise2]).then(function(result){
    // Code here never runs
  }, function(reason){
    // reason.message === 'promise 2' because promise 2 became rejected before
    // promise 1 became fulfilled
  });
  ```

  An example real-world use case is implementing timeouts:

  ```javascript
  Promise.race([ajax('foo.json'), timeout(5000)])
  ```

  @method race
  @static
  @param {Array} promises array of promises to observe
  Useful for tooling.
  @return {Promise} a promise which settles in the same way as the first passed
  promise to settle.
*/
function race(entries) {
  /*jshint validthis:true */
  var Constructor = this;

  if (!isArray(entries)) {
    return new Constructor(function (_, reject) {
      return reject(new TypeError('You must pass an array to race.'));
    });
  } else {
    return new Constructor(function (resolve, reject) {
      var length = entries.length;
      for (var i = 0; i < length; i++) {
        Constructor.resolve(entries[i]).then(resolve, reject);
      }
    });
  }
}

/**
  `Promise.reject` returns a promise rejected with the passed `reason`.
  It is shorthand for the following:

  ```javascript
  let promise = new Promise(function(resolve, reject){
    reject(new Error('WHOOPS'));
  });

  promise.then(function(value){
    // Code here doesn't run because the promise is rejected!
  }, function(reason){
    // reason.message === 'WHOOPS'
  });
  ```

  Instead of writing the above, your code now simply becomes the following:

  ```javascript
  let promise = Promise.reject(new Error('WHOOPS'));

  promise.then(function(value){
    // Code here doesn't run because the promise is rejected!
  }, function(reason){
    // reason.message =&#