Java简易实现RSA算法对数据加密/解密

首先需要commons-codec-1.8.jar包

可以在http://commons.apache.org/proper/commons-codec/download_codec.cgi 下载
在Idea项目中加入jar包


添加完jar包 如图所示

jar包导入成功

下面是RSA解密加密demo

import org.apache.commons.codec.binary.Base64;

import javax.crypto.Cipher;
import java.security.*;
import java.security.interfaces.RSAPrivateKey;
import java.security.interfaces.RSAPublicKey;
import java.security.spec.PKCS8EncodedKeySpec;
import java.security.spec.X509EncodedKeySpec;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

public class Main {

    //用于封装随机产生的公钥与私钥
    private static Map<Integer, String> keyMap = new HashMap<Integer, String>();

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

        //生成公钥和私钥
        genKeyPair();
        //加密字符串
        String message = "基于RSA算法的密码";
        System.out.println("随机生成的私钥:" + keyMap.get(0));
        System.out.println("随机生成的公钥:" + keyMap.get(1));
        String messageEn = encrypt(message,keyMap.get(1));
        System.out.println(message + "\t加密后的字符串为:" + messageEn);
        String messageDe = decrypt(messageEn,keyMap.get(0));
        System.out.println("还原后的字符串为:" + messageDe);

    }

    /**
     * 获取钥匙对
     *
     * @throws NoSuchAlgorithmException
     */

    public  static  void  genKeyPair() throws NoSuchAlgorithmException {
        //基于RSA算法生成 公钥 私钥对
        KeyPairGenerator keyPairGenerator=KeyPairGenerator.getInstance("RSA");
        //初始化密钥生成器，密钥大小为96-1024位
        keyPairGenerator.initialize(1024,new SecureRandom());
       //生成一个密钥对，保存在KeyPair中
        KeyPair keyPair = keyPairGenerator.generateKeyPair();
       //获取私钥
        PrivateKey privateKey = keyPair.getPrivate();
       //获取公钥
        PublicKey publicKey = keyPair.getPublic();
       //获取私钥字符串
        String privateKeyString =new String(Base64.encodeBase64(privateKey.getEncoded()));
       //获取公钥字符串
        String publicKeyString=new String(Base64.encodeBase64(publicKey.getEncoded()));

        keyMap.put(0,privateKeyString);
        keyMap.put(1,publicKeyString);
    }

    /**
     *RSA公钥加密
     *
     * @param str
     * @param publicKey
     * @return
     */
    public static String encrypt( String str, String publicKey ) throws Exception {
       //Base64的编码公钥
        byte[] decoded=Base64.decodeBase64(publicKey);
        RSAPublicKey publick = (RSAPublicKey) KeyFactory.getInstance("RSA").generatePublic(new X509EncodedKeySpec(decoded));
      //RSA加密
        Cipher cipher=Cipher.getInstance("RSA");
        cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE,publick);
        String outStr=Base64.encodeBase64String(cipher.doFinal(str.getBytes("UTF-8")));
        return outStr;
    }

    /**
     * RSA私钥解密
     *
     * @param str
     * @param privateKey
     * @return
     */
    public static String decrypt(String str, String privateKey)throws  Exception{
        //64位加密后的字符串
        byte[] inputByte=Base64.decodeBase64(str.getBytes("UTF-8"));
        //base64编码的私钥
        byte[] decoded=Base64.decodeBase64(privateKey);
        RSAPrivateKey privatek = (RSAPrivateKey) KeyFactory.getInstance("RSA").generatePrivate(new PKCS8EncodedKeySpec(decoded));
        //RSA解密
        Cipher cipher=Cipher.getInstance("RSA");
        cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE,privatek);
        String outStr =new String(cipher.doFinal(inputByte));
        return outStr;
    }
}