狂神说SpringMVC06：整合SSM框架

整合SSM

环境

IDEA

MySQL 8.0

Tomcat 9.0

Maven 3.6

要求：

需要熟练掌握MySQL数据库，Spring，JavaWeb及MyBatis知识，简单的前端知识；

数据库环境

创建一个存放书籍数据的数据库表

CREATE DATABASE `ssmbuild`;
 
USE `ssmbuild`;
 
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `books`;
 
CREATE TABLE `books` (
  `bookID` INT(10) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '书id',
  `bookName` VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL COMMENT '书名',
  `bookCounts` INT(11) NOT NULL COMMENT '数量',
  `detail` VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL COMMENT '描述',
  KEY `bookID` (`bookID`)
) ENGINE=INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8
 
INSERT  INTO `books`(`bookID`,`bookName`,`bookCounts`,`detail`)VALUES 
(1,'Java',1,'从入门到放弃'),
(2,'MySQL',10,'从删库到跑路'),
(3,'Linux',5,'从进门到进牢');

基本环境搭建

1、新建Maven项目ssmbuild，添加web的支持！

2、导入相关的pom依赖！

        <!--Junit-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.13.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--数据库驱动-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>8.0.28</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- 数据库连接池 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.mchange</groupId>
            <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
            <version>0.9.5.5</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--Servlet - JSP -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.5</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
            <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
            <version>1.2</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--Mybatis-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
            <version>3.5.9</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
            <version>2.0.7</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--Spring-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>5.3.16</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
            <version>5.3.16</version>
        </dependency>
         <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <version>1.18.22</version>
        </dependency>

3、Maven资源过滤设置

 <!--在build中配置resources,来防止我们资源导出失败的问题-->
    <build>     
        <resources>
            <resource>
                <directory>src/main/java</directory>
                <includes>
                    <include>**/*.properties</include>
                    <include>**/*.xml</include>
                </includes>
                <filtering>false</filtering>
            </resource>
            <resource>
                <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
                <includes>
                    <include>**/*.properties</include>
                    <include>**/*.xml</include>
                </includes>
                <filtering>false</filtering>
            </resource>
        </resources>
    </build>

4、建立结构和配置文件

/pojo，/dao，/service，/controller

mybatis-config.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>

</configuration>

applicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

</beans>

Mybatis层

1、数据库配置文件database.properties

jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ssmbuild?useSSL=true&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=123456

2、IDEA连接数据库

3、编写Mybatis的核心配置文件，mybatis-config.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>

    <settings>
        <setting name="logImpl" value="STDOUT_LOGGING"/>
    </settings>
<!--    配置数据源，交给Spring去做-->
    <typeAliases>
        <package name="com.gx.pojo"/>
    </typeAliases>

    <mappers>
        <mapper class="com.gx.dao.BookMapper" />
    </mappers>
</configuration>

4、编写数据库对应的实体类 Books

使用lombok插件！

@Data
@NoArgsConstructor
@AllArgsConstructor
public class Books {

    private int bookID;
    private String bookName;
    private int bookCounts;
    private String detail;
}

5、编写Dao层的 Mapper接口！

public interface BookMapper {

    //增加一本书
    int addBook(Books books);

    //删除一本书
    int deleteBookById(@Param("bookId") int id);

    //更新一本书
    int updateBook(Books books);

    //查询一本书
    Books queryBookById(@Param("bookId") int id);

    //查询全部的书
    List<Books> queryAllBook();

    Books queryBookByName(@Param("bookName") String bookName);
}

6、编写接口对应的xxxMapper.xml 文件，需要导入MyBatis的包；

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.gx.dao.BookMapper">

    <insert id="addBook" parameterType="Books">
        insert  into books (bookName,bookCounts,detail)
        values (#{bookName},#{bookCounts},#{detail});
    </insert>

    <delete id="deleteBookById" parameterType="int">
        delete from books where bookID=#{bookId}
   </delete>

    <update id="updateBook" parameterType="Books">
        update books set bookName=#{bookName},
        bookCounts=#{bookCounts},detail=#{detail}
        where bookID=#{bookID}
    </update>

    <select id="queryBookById" resultType="Books" >
        select * from books where bookID=#{bookId}
    </select>

    <select id="queryAllBook" resultType="Books" >
        select * from books
    </select>

     <select id="queryBookByName" resultType="Books">
        select * from books where bookName={#bookName}
    </select>
</mapper>

7、编写Service层的接口

public interface BookService {

    //增加一本书
    int addBook(Books books);

    //删除一本书
    int deleteBookById( int id);

    //更新一本书
    int updateBook(Books books);

    //查询一本书
    Books queryBookById( int id);

    //查询全部的书
    List<Books> queryAllBook();

    Books queryBookByName( String bookName);
}

实现类

public class BookServiceImpl implements BookService{

    //service 调dao层： 组合Dao
    private BookMapper bookMapper;

    public void setBookMapper(BookMapper bookMapper) {
        this.bookMapper = bookMapper;
    }

    public int addBook(Books books) {
        return bookMapper.addBook(books);
    }

    public int deleteBookById(int id) {
        return bookMapper.deleteBookById(id);
    }

    public int updateBook(Books books) {
        return bookMapper.updateBook(books);
    }

    public Books queryBookById(int id) {
        return bookMapper.queryBookById(id);
    }

    public List<Books> queryAllBook() {
        return bookMapper.queryAllBook();
    }

    public Books queryBookByName(String bookName) {
        return bookMapper.queryBookByName(bookName);
    }
}

Spring层

1、配置Spring整合MyBatis，我们这里数据源使用c3p0连接池；

2、我们去编写Spring整合Mybatis的相关的配置文件：spring-dao.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"

   xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

    <!-- 配置整合mybatis -->
    <!-- 1.关联数据库文件 -->

    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:database.properties"/>

    <!-- 2.数据库连接池 -->
    <!--数据库连接池
        dbcp  半自动化操作  不能自动连接
        c3p0  自动化操作（自动的加载配置文件 并且设置到对象里面）
        druid : hikari
    -->
    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
        <!-- 配置连接池属性 -->
        <property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driver}"/>
        <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
        <property name="user" value="${jdbc.username}"/>
        <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>
        <!-- c3p0连接池的私有属性 -->
        <property name="maxPoolSize" value="30"/>
        <property name="minPoolSize" value="10"/>
        <!-- 关闭连接后不自动commit -->
        <property name="autoCommitOnClose" value="false"/>
        <!-- 获取连接超时时间 -->
        <property name="checkoutTimeout" value="10000"/>
        <!-- 当获取连接失败重试次数 -->
        <property name="acquireRetryAttempts" value="2"/>
    </bean>
    <!-- 3.配置SqlSessionFactory对象 -->
    <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
        <!-- 注入数据库连接池 -->
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
        <!-- 配置MyBaties全局配置文件:mybatis-config.xml -->
        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis-config.xml"/>
    </bean>
    <!-- 4.配置扫描Dao接口包，动态实现Dao接口注入到spring容器中 -->
    <!--解释 ：https://www.cnblogs.com/jpfss/p/7799806.html-->
    <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
        <!-- 注入sqlSessionFactory -->
        <property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"/>
        <!-- 给出需要扫描Dao接口包 -->
        <property name="basePackage" value="com.gx.dao"/>
        
    </bean>
</beans>

3、Spring整合service层

spring-service.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"

       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">

    <!-- 1、扫描service相关的bean -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.gx.service" />

    <!--2、BookServiceImpl注入到IOC容器中-->
    <bean id="BookServiceImpl" class="com.gx.service.BookServiceImpl">
        <property name="bookMapper" ref="bookMapper"/>
    </bean>
    <!--3、 配置事务管理器 -->
    <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
        <!-- 注入数据库连接池 -->
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
    </bean>
</beans>

Spring层搞定！再次理解一下，Spring就是一个大杂烩，一个容器！对吧！

SpringMVC层

1、web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
         version="4.0">

<!--    DispatcherServlet-->
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <!--一定要注意:我们这里加载的是总的配置文件，之前被这里坑了！-->
            <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

<!--    乱码过滤-->
    <filter>
        <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>encoding</param-name>
            <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>

<!--    Session-->
    <session-config>
        <session-timeout>15</session-timeout>
    </session-config>
</web-app>

2、spring-mvc.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

    <!-- 配置SpringMVC -->
    <!-- 开启SpringMVC注解驱动 -->
    <mvc:annotation-driven />
    <!-- 扫描web相关的bean -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.gx.controller" />
    <!-- 静态资源默认servlet配置-->
    <mvc:default-servlet-handler />

    <!-- 配置jsp 显示ViewResolver视图解析器 -->
    <bean id="internalResourceViewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/" />
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
    </bean>
</beans>

3、Spring配置整合文件，applicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

    <import resource="classpath:spring-dao.xml" />
    <import resource="classpath:spring-service.xml" />
    <import resource="classpath:spring-mvc.xml" />

</beans>

配置文件，暂时结束！

Controller 和视图层编写

1、BookController 类编写

方法一：查询全部书籍

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/book")
public class BookController {

    @Autowired
    @Qualifier("BookServiceImpl")
    private BookService bookService;

    //查询全部书籍，并且返回到一个书籍展示页面
    @RequestMapping("/allbook")
    public String list(Model model){
        
        List<Books> list = bookService.queryAllBook();
        model.addAttribute("list",list);

        return "allbook";
    }

2、编写首页 index.jsp

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
  <head>
    <title>首页</title>
    <style type="text/css">
      a {
        text-decoration: none;
        color: black;
        font-size: 18px;
      }
      h3 {
        width: 180px;
        height: 38px;
        margin: 100px auto;
        text-align: center;
        line-height: 38px;
        background: deepskyblue;
        border-radius: 4px;
      }
    </style>
  </head>
  <body>

  <h3>
    <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/allbook">进入书籍页面</a>
  </h3>

  </body>
</html>

3、书籍列表页面 allbook.jsp

<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>书籍展示</title>

    <!-- 引入 Bootstrap -->
    <link href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>

<div class="container">
    <div class="row clearfix">
        <div class="col-md-12 column">
            <div class="page-header">
                <h1>
                    <small>书籍列表 —— 显示所有书籍</small>
                </h1>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
    <div class="row">
        <div class="col-md-4 column">
            <a class="btn btn-primary" href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/toAddBook">新增</a>
            <a class="btn btn-primary" href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/allbook">显示全部书籍</a>
        </div>
        <div class="col-md-8 column">
<%--            查询书籍--%>
    <form class="form-inline" action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/querybook" method="post" style="float: right;">

        <span style="color: red;font-weight:bold ">${error}</span>
        <input type="text" name="querybookname" class="form-control" placeholder="请输入要查询的书籍名称">
        <input type="submit" value="查询" class="btn btn-primary">
    </form>
        </div>

    </div>
    <div class="row clearfix">
        <div class="col-md-12 column">
            <table class="table table-hover table-striped">
                <thead>
                <tr>
                    <th>书籍编号</th>
                    <th>书籍名字</th>
                    <th>书籍数量</th>
                    <th>书籍详情</th>
                    <th>操作</th>
                </tr>
                </thead>

<%--                书籍从数据库中查询出来，从这list中遍历出来：foreach--%>
                <tbody>

                <c:forEach var="book" items="${requestScope.get('list')}">
                    <tr>
                        <td>${book.getBookID()}</td>
                        <td>${book.getBookName()}</td>
                        <td>${book.getBookCounts()}</td>
                        <td>${book.getDetail()}</td>
                        <td>
                            <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/ToUpdate?id=${book.getBookID()}">更改</a> |
                            <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/deletebook/${book.getBookID()}">删除</a>
                        </td>
                    </tr>
                </c:forEach>
                </tbody>
            </table>
        </div>
    </div>
</div>
</body>
</html>

4、BookController 类编写

方法二：添加书籍

//跳转到增加书籍页面
    @RequestMapping("/toAddBook")
    public String toAddBook(){

        return "addBook";
    }

    //添加书籍的请求
    @RequestMapping("/AddBook")
    public String AddBook(Books books){

        System.out.println("AddBook=="+books);
        bookService.addBook(books);
        return "redirect:/book/allbook";//重定向到@RequestMapping("/allbook")
    }

5、添加书籍页面：addBook.jsp

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>新增书籍</title>

    <!-- 引入 Bootstrap -->
    <link href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">

</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
    <div class="row clearfix">
        <div class="col-md-12 column">
            <div class="page-header">
                <h1>
                    <small>新增书籍</small>
                </h1>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>

    <form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/addBook" method="post">
        书籍名称：<input type="text" name="bookName"><br><br><br>
        书籍数量：<input type="text" name="bookCounts"><br><br><br>
        书籍详情：<input type="text" name="detail"><br><br><br>
        <input type="submit" value="添加">
    </form>
</div>
</body>
</html>

6、BookController 类编写

方法三：修改书籍

 //跳转到修改页面
    @RequestMapping("/ToUpdate")
    public String ToUpdate(int id,Model model) {

        Books books = bookService.queryBookById(id);
        System.out.println(books);
        model.addAttribute("book",books);

        return "updateBook";
    }

    //修改书籍
    @RequestMapping("/updateBook")
    public String updateBook(Books books) {
        System.out.println("updateBook=="+books);

       int i= bookService.updateBook(books);
       if (i>0){
           System.out.println("添加books成功"+books);
       }

        return "redirect:/book/allbook";
    }

7、修改书籍页面 updateBook.jsp

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>修改书籍</title>
    <link href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">

</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
    <div class="row clearfix">
        <div class="col-md-12 column">
            <div class="page-header">
                <h1>
                    <small>修改书籍</small>
                </h1>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
    <form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/updateBook" method="post">

<%--        出现的问题：我们提交了修改的SQL请求，但是修改失败，初次考虑是事务问题，配置事务完毕，依旧失败！--%>
<%--        看一下SQL语句，能否执行成功，SQL执行失败，修改未完成--%>
<%--            前端传递隐藏域--%>
        <input type="hidden" name="bookID" value="${book.getBookID()}"/>
        书籍名称：<input type="text" name="bookName" value="${book.getBookName()}"/>
        书籍数量：<input type="text" name="bookCounts" value="${book.getBookCounts()}"/>
        书籍详情：<input type="text" name="detail" value="${book.getDetail() }"/>
        <input type="submit" value="提交"/>
    </form>
</div>
</body>
</html>

导入aop织入包

 <dependency>
       <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
       <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
       <version>1.9.8</version>
 </dependency>

spring-service.xml添加事务

   <!-- 4、aop事务支持-->
    <!--    结合AOP实现事务的织入-->
    <!--    配置事务通知-->
    <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">
        <!--        给那些方法配置事务-->
        <!--        配置事务的传播特性：new propagation -->
        <!--        REQUIRED:支持当前事务，如果当前没有事务，就新建一个事务，默认-->
        <tx:attributes>
            <tx:method name="*" propagation="REQUIRED" />
        </tx:attributes>
    </tx:advice>

    <!--    配置事务切入-->
    <aop:config>
        <aop:pointcut id="txPointCut" expression="execution(* com.gx.dao.*.*(..))"/>
        <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="txPointCut" />
    </aop:config>

8、BookController 类编写

方法四：删除书籍

//删除书籍
    @RequestMapping("/deletebook/{bookId}")
    public String deletebook(@PathVariable("bookId") int id){

        bookService.deleteBookById(id);

        return "redirect:/book/allbook";
    }

9、新增搜索功能

 //查询书籍
    @RequestMapping("/querybook")
    public String querybook(String querybookname,Model model){

        Books books = bookService.queryBookByName(querybookname);

       List<Books> list = new ArrayList<Books>();
       list.add(books);

       if (books==null){
           list=bookService.queryAllBook();
           model.addAttribute("error","未查到");
       }

       model.addAttribute("list",list);
        return  "allbook";
    }

配置Tomcat，进行运行！

到目前为止，这个SSM项目整合已经完全的OK了，可以直接运行进行测试！这个练习十分的重要，大家需要保证，不看任何东西，自己也可以完整的实现出来！