解析身份证的封装方法

解析身份证号码，获取出生年月日、地址、年龄等等；这是一个封装方法，直接调用就可以了

package 包名;

import java.text.ParseException;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Calendar;
import java.util.Date;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

import org.apache.commons.lang.StringUtils;
/**
 * 读取身份证静态类
 * 获取出生年月日
 * 获取地址
* @author LYX
*
 */
public class ReadIdCar extends StringUtils{
/** 中国公民身份证号码最小长度。 */
public static final int CHINA_ID_MIN_LENGTH = 15;

/** 中国公民身份证号码最大长度。 */
public static final int CHINA_ID_MAX_LENGTH = 18;

/** 省、直辖市代码表 */
public static final String cityCode[] = {
        "11", "12", "13", "14", "15", "21", "22", "23", "31", "32", "33", "34", "35", "36", "37", "41",
        "42", "43", "44", "45", "46", "50", "51", "52", "53", "54", "61", "62", "63", "64", "65", "71",
        "81", "82", "91"
};

/** 每位加权因子 */
public static final int power[] = {
        7, 9, 10, 5, 8, 4, 2, 1, 6, 3, 7, 9, 10, 5, 8, 4, 2
};

/** 第18位校检码 */
public static final String verifyCode[] = {
        "1", "0", "X", "9", "8", "7", "6", "5", "4", "3", "2"
};
/** 最低年限 */
public static final int MIN = 1930;
public static Map<String, String> cityCodes = new HashMap<String, String>();
/** 台湾身份首字母对应数字 */
public static Map<String, Integer> twFirstCode = new HashMap<String, Integer>();
/** 香港身份首字母对应数字 */
public static Map<String, Integer> hkFirstCode = new HashMap<String, Integer>();
static {
    cityCodes.put("11", "北京");
    cityCodes.put("12", "天津");
    cityCodes.put("13", "河北");
    cityCodes.put("14", "山西");
    cityCodes.put("15", "内蒙古");
    cityCodes.put("21", "辽宁");
    cityCodes.put("22", "吉林");
    cityCodes.put("23", "黑龙江");
    cityCodes.put("31", "上海");
    cityCodes.put("32", "江苏");
    cityCodes.put("33", "浙江");
    cityCodes.put("34", "安徽");
    cityCodes.put("35", "福建");
    cityCodes.put("36", "江西");
    cityCodes.put("37", "山东");
    cityCodes.put("41", "河南");
    cityCodes.put("42", "湖北");
    cityCodes.put("43", "湖南");
    cityCodes.put("44", "广东");
    cityCodes.put("45", "广西");
    cityCodes.put("46", "海南");
    cityCodes.put("50", "重庆");
    cityCodes.put("51", "四川");
    cityCodes.put("52", "贵州");
    cityCodes.put("53", "云南");
    cityCodes.put("54", "西藏");
    cityCodes.put("61", "陕西");
    cityCodes.put("62", "甘肃");
    cityCodes.put("63", "青海");
    cityCodes.put("64", "宁夏");
    cityCodes.put("65", "新疆");
    cityCodes.put("71", "台湾");
    cityCodes.put("81", "香港");
    cityCodes.put("82", "澳门");
    cityCodes.put("91", "国外");
    twFirstCode.put("A", 10);
    twFirstCode.put("B", 11);
    twFirstCode.put("C", 12);
    twFirstCode.put("D", 13);
    twFirstCode.put("E", 14);
    twFirstCode.put("F", 15);
    twFirstCode.put("G", 16);
    twFirstCode.put("H", 17);
    twFirstCode.put("J", 18);
    twFirstCode.put("K", 19);
    twFirstCode.put("L", 20);
    twFirstCode.put("M", 21);
    twFirstCode.put("N", 22);
    twFirstCode.put("P", 23);
    twFirstCode.put("Q", 24);
    twFirstCode.put("R", 25);
    twFirstCode.put("S", 26);
    twFirstCode.put("T", 27);
    twFirstCode.put("U", 28);
    twFirstCode.put("V", 29);
    twFirstCode.put("X", 30);
    twFirstCode.put("Y", 31);
    twFirstCode.put("W", 32);
    twFirstCode.put("Z", 33);
    twFirstCode.put("I", 34);
    twFirstCode.put("O", 35);
    hkFirstCode.put("A", 1);
    hkFirstCode.put("B", 2);
    hkFirstCode.put("C", 3);
    hkFirstCode.put("R", 18);
    hkFirstCode.put("U", 21);
    hkFirstCode.put("Z", 26);
    hkFirstCode.put("X", 24);
    hkFirstCode.put("W", 23);
    hkFirstCode.put("O", 15);
    hkFirstCode.put("N", 14);
}

/**
 * 将15位身份证号码转换为18位
 * 
 * @param idCard
 *            15位身份编码
 * @return 18位身份编码
 */
public static String conver15CardTo18(String idCard) {
    String idCard18 = "";
    if (idCard.length() != CHINA_ID_MIN_LENGTH) {
        return null;
    }
    if (isNum(idCard)) {
        // 获取出生年月日
        String birthday = idCard.substring(6, 12);
        Date birthDate = null;
        try {
            birthDate = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd").parse(birthday);
        } catch (ParseException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        Calendar cal = Calendar.getInstance();
        if (birthDate != null)
            cal.setTime(birthDate);
        // 获取出生年(完全表现形式,如：2010)
        String sYear = String.valueOf(cal.get(Calendar.YEAR));
        idCard18 = idCard.substring(0, 6) + sYear + idCard.substring(8);
        // 转换字符数组
        char[] cArr = idCard18.toCharArray();
        if (cArr != null) {
            int[] iCard = converCharToInt(cArr);
            int iSum17 = getPowerSum(iCard);
            // 获取校验位
            String sVal = getCheckCode18(iSum17);
            if (sVal.length() > 0) {
                idCard18 += sVal;
            } else {
                return null;
            }
        }
    } else {
        return null;
    }
    return idCard18;
}

/**
 * 验证身份证是否合法
 */
public static boolean validateCard(String idCard) {
    String card = idCard.trim();
    if (validateIdCard18(card)) {
        return true;
    }
    if (validateIdCard15(card)) {
        return true;
    }
    String[] cardval = validateIdCard10(card);
    if (cardval != null) {
        if (cardval[2].equals("true")) {
            return true;
        }
    }
    return false;
}

/**
 * 验证18位身份编码是否合法
 * 
 * @param idCard 身份编码
 * @return 是否合法
 */
public static boolean validateIdCard18(String idCard) {
    boolean bTrue = false;
    if (idCard.length() == CHINA_ID_MAX_LENGTH) {
        // 前17位
        String code17 = idCard.substring(0, 17);
        // 第18位
        String code18 = idCard.substring(17, CHINA_ID_MAX_LENGTH);
        if (isNum(code17)) {
            char[] cArr = code17.toCharArray();
            if (cArr != null) {
                int[] iCard = converCharToInt(cArr);
                int iSum17 = getPowerSum(iCard);
                // 获取校验位
                String val = getCheckCode18(iSum17);
                if (val.length() > 0) {
                    if (val.equalsIgnoreCase(code18)) {
                        bTrue = true;
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }
    return bTrue;
}

/**
 * 验证15位身份编码是否合法
 * 
 * @param idCard
 *            身份编码
 * @return 是否合法
 */
public static boolean validateIdCard15(String idCard) {
    if (idCard.length() != CHINA_ID_MIN_LENGTH) {
        return false;
    }
    if (isNum(idCard)) {
        String proCode = idCard.substring(0, 2);
        if (cityCodes.get(proCode) == null) {
            return false;
        }
        String birthCode = idCard.substring(6, 12);
        Date birthDate = null;
        try {
            birthDate = new SimpleDateFormat("yy").parse(birthCode.substring(0, 2));
        } catch (ParseException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        Calendar cal = Calendar.getInstance();
        if (birthDate != null)
            cal.setTime(birthDate);
        if (!valiDate(cal.get(Calendar.YEAR), Integer.valueOf(birthCode.substring(2, 4)),
                Integer.valueOf(birthCode.substring(4, 6)))) {
            return false;
        }
    } else {
        return false;
    }
    return true;
}

/**
 * 验证10位身份编码是否合法
 * 
 * @param idCard 身份编码
 * @return 身份证信息数组
 *         <p>
 *         [0] - 台湾、澳门、香港 [1] - 性别(男M,女F,未知N) [2] - 是否合法(合法true,不合法false)
 *         若不是身份证件号码则返回null
 *         </p>
 */
public static String[] validateIdCard10(String idCard) {
    String[] info = new String[3];
    String card = idCard.replaceAll("[\\(|\\)]", "");
    if (card.length() != 8 && card.length() != 9 && idCard.length() != 10) {
        return null;
    }
    if (idCard.matches("^[a-zA-Z][0-9]{9}$")) { // 台湾
        info[0] = "台湾";
        System.out.println("11111");
        String char2 = idCard.substring(1, 2);
        if (char2.equals("1")) {
            info[1] = "M";
            System.out.println("MMMMMMM");
        } else if (char2.equals("2")) {
            info[1] = "F";
            System.out.println("FFFFFFF");
        } else {
            info[1] = "N";
            info[2] = "false";
            System.out.println("NNNN");
            return info;
        }
        info[2] = validateTWCard(idCard) ? "true" : "false";
    } else if (idCard.matches("^[1|5|7][0-9]{6}\\(?[0-9A-Z]\\)?$")) { // 澳门
        info[0] = "澳门";
        info[1] = "N";
        // TODO
    } else if (idCard.matches("^[A-Z]{1,2}[0-9]{6}\\(?[0-9A]\\)?$")) { // 香港
        info[0] = "香港";
        info[1] = "N";
        info[2] = validateHKCard(idCard) ? "true" : "false";
    } else {
        return null;
    }
    return info;
}

/**
 * 验证台湾身份证号码
 * 
 * @param idCard
 *            身份证号码
 * @return 验证码是否符合
 */
public static boolean validateTWCard(String idCard) {
    String start = idCard.substring(0, 1);
    String mid = idCard.substring(1, 9);
    String end = idCard.substring(9, 10);
    Integer iStart = twFirstCode.get(start);
    Integer sum = iStart / 10 + (iStart % 10) * 9;
    char[] chars = mid.toCharArray();
    Integer iflag = 8;
    for (char c : chars) {
        sum = sum + Integer.valueOf(c + "") * iflag;
        iflag--;
    }
    return (sum % 10 == 0 ? 0 : (10 - sum % 10)) == Integer.valueOf(end) ? true : false;
}

/**
 * 验证香港身份证号码(存在Bug，部份特殊身份证无法检查)
 * <p>
 * 身份证前2位为英文字符，如果只出现一个英文字符则表示第一位是空格，对应数字58 前2位英文字符A-Z分别对应数字10-35
 * 最后一位校验码为0-9的数字加上字符"A"，"A"代表10
 * </p>
 * <p>
 * 将身份证号码全部转换为数字，分别对应乘9-1相加的总和，整除11则证件号码有效
 * </p>
 * 
 * @param idCard 身份证号码
 * @return 验证码是否符合
 */
public static boolean validateHKCard(String idCard) {
    String card = idCard.replaceAll("[\\(|\\)]", "");
    Integer sum = 0;
    if (card.length() == 9) {
        sum = (Integer.valueOf(card.substring(0, 1).toUpperCase().toCharArray()[0]) - 55) * 9
                + (Integer.valueOf(card.substring(1, 2).toUpperCase().toCharArray()[0]) - 55) * 8;
        card = card.substring(1, 9);
    } else {
        sum = 522 + (Integer.valueOf(card.substring(0, 1).toUpperCase().toCharArray()[0]) - 55) * 8;
    }
    String mid = card.substring(1, 7);
    String end = card.substring(7, 8);
    char[] chars = mid.toCharArray();
    Integer iflag = 7;
    for (char c : chars) {
        sum = sum + Integer.valueOf(c + "") * iflag;
        iflag--;
    }
    if (end.toUpperCase().equals("A")) {
        sum = sum + 10;
    } else {
        sum = sum + Integer.valueOf(end);
    }
    return (sum % 11 == 0) ? true : false;
}

/**
 * 将字符数组转换成数字数组
 * 
 * @param ca
 *            字符数组
 * @return 数字数组
 */
public static int[] converCharToInt(char[] ca) {
    int len = ca.length;
    int[] iArr = new int[len];
    try {
        for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
            iArr[i] = Integer.parseInt(String.valueOf(ca[i]));
        }
    } catch (NumberFormatException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
    return iArr;
}

/**
 * 将身份证的每位和对应位的加权因子相乘之后，再得到和值
 * 
 * @param iArr
 * @return 身份证编码。
 */
public static int getPowerSum(int[] iArr) {
    int iSum = 0;
    if (power.length == iArr.length) {
        for (int i = 0; i < iArr.length; i++) {
            for (int j = 0; j < power.length; j++) {
                if (i == j) {
                    iSum = iSum + iArr[i] * power[j];
                }
            }
        }
    }
    return iSum;
}

/**
 * 将power和值与11取模获得余数进行校验码判断
 * 
 * @param iSum
 * @return 校验位
 */
public static String getCheckCode18(int iSum) {
    String sCode = "";
    switch (iSum % 11) {
    case 10:
        sCode = "2";
        break;
    case 9:
        sCode = "3";
        break;
    case 8:
        sCode = "4";
        break;
    case 7:
        sCode = "5";
        break;
    case 6:
        sCode = "6";
        break;
    case 5:
        sCode = "7";
        break;
    case 4:
        sCode = "8";
        break;
    case 3:
        sCode = "9";
        break;
    case 2:
        sCode = "x";
        break;
    case 1:
        sCode = "0";
        break;
    case 0:
        sCode = "1";
        break;
    }
    return sCode;
}

/**
 * 根据身份编号获取年龄
 * 
 * @param idCard
 *            身份编号
 * @return 年龄
 */
public static int getAgeByIdCard(String idCard) {
    int iAge = 0;
    if (idCard.length() == CHINA_ID_MIN_LENGTH) {
        idCard = conver15CardTo18(idCard);
    }
    String year = idCard.substring(6, 10);
    Calendar cal = Calendar.getInstance();
    int iCurrYear = cal.get(Calendar.YEAR);
    iAge = iCurrYear - Integer.valueOf(year);
    return iAge;
}

/**
 * 根据身份编号获取生日
 * 
 * @param idCard 身份编号
 * @return 生日(yyyyMMdd)
 */
public static String getBirthByIdCard(String idCard) {
    Integer len = idCard.length();
    if (len < CHINA_ID_MIN_LENGTH) {
        return null;
    } else if (len == CHINA_ID_MIN_LENGTH) {
        idCard = conver15CardTo18(idCard);
    }
    //截取年月日
    String Y=idCard.substring(6, 10);
    String M=idCard.substring(10, 12);
    String D=idCard.substring(12, 14);
    String Birth=Y+"-"+M+"-"+D;
    return Birth;
}

/**
 * 根据身份编号获取生日年
 * 
 * @param idCard 身份编号
 * @return 生日(yyyy)
 */
public static Short getYearByIdCard(String idCard) {
    Integer len = idCard.length();
    if (len < CHINA_ID_MIN_LENGTH) {
        return null;
    } else if (len == CHINA_ID_MIN_LENGTH) {
        idCard = conver15CardTo18(idCard);
    }
    return Short.valueOf(idCard.substring(6, 10));
}

/**
 * 根据身份编号获取生日月
 * 
 * @param idCard
 *            身份编号
 * @return 生日(MM)
 */
public static Short getMonthByIdCard(String idCard) {
    Integer len = idCard.length();
    if (len < CHINA_ID_MIN_LENGTH) {
        return null;
    } else if (len == CHINA_ID_MIN_LENGTH) {
        idCard = conver15CardTo18(idCard);
    }
    return Short.valueOf(idCard.substring(10, 12));
}

/**
 * 根据身份编号获取生日天
 * 
 * @param idCard
 *            身份编号
 * @return 生日(dd)
 */
public static Short getDateByIdCard(String idCard) {
    Integer len = idCard.length();
    if (len < CHINA_ID_MIN_LENGTH) {
        return null;
    } else if (len == CHINA_ID_MIN_LENGTH) {
        idCard = conver15CardTo18(idCard);
    }
    return Short.valueOf(idCard.substring(12, 14));
}

/**
 * 根据身份编号获取性别
 * 
 * @param idCard 身份编号
 * @return 性别(M-男，F-女，N-未知)
 */
public static String getGenderByIdCard(String idCard) {
    String sGender = "N";
    if (idCard.length() == CHINA_ID_MIN_LENGTH) {
        idCard = conver15CardTo18(idCard);
    }
    String sCardNum = idCard.substring(16, 17);
    if (Integer.parseInt(sCardNum) % 2 != 0) {
        sGender = "M";
    } else {
        sGender = "F";
    }
    return sGender;
}

/**
 * 根据身份编号获取户籍省份
 * 
 * @param idCard 身份编码
 * @return 省级编码。
 */
public static String getProvinceByIdCard(String idCard) {
    int len = idCard.length();
    String sProvince = null;
    String sProvinNum = "";
    if (len == CHINA_ID_MIN_LENGTH || len == CHINA_ID_MAX_LENGTH) {
        sProvinNum = idCard.substring(0, 2);
    }
    sProvince = cityCodes.get(sProvinNum);
    return sProvince;
}

/**
 * 数字验证
 * 
 * @param val
 * @return 提取的数字。
 */
public static boolean isNum(String val) {
    return val == null || "".equals(val) ? false : val.matches("^[0-9]*$");
}

/**
 * 验证小于当前日期 是否有效
 * 
 * @param iYear
 *            待验证日期(年)
 * @param iMonth
 *            待验证日期(月 1-12)
 * @param iDate
 *            待验证日期(日)
 * @return 是否有效
 */
public static boolean valiDate(int iYear, int iMonth, int iDate) {
    Calendar cal = Calendar.getInstance();
    int year = cal.get(Calendar.YEAR);
    int datePerMonth;
    if (iYear < MIN || iYear >= year) {
        return false;
    }
    if (iMonth < 1 || iMonth > 12) {
        return false;
    }
    switch (iMonth) {
    case 4:
    case 6:
    case 9:
    case 11:
        datePerMonth = 30;
        break;
    case 2:
        boolean dm = ((iYear % 4 == 0 && iYear % 100 != 0) || (iYear % 400 == 0))
                && (iYear > MIN && iYear < year);
        datePerMonth = dm ? 29 : 28;
        break;
    default:
        datePerMonth = 31;
    }
    return (iDate >= 1) && (iDate <= datePerMonth);
}
}

原文：https://blog.csdn.net/xiao___tao/article/details/109891161