spring bean 生命周期

首先看一下spring中获取bean的例子

• Appconfig.java类的代码

@Configurable
@ComponentScan("com.cumt")
public class Appconfig {
}

• X.java类的代码

@Component
public class X {
   @Autowired
   Y y;
   public X(){
      System.out.println("X create");
   }
}

Y.java类的代码

@Component
public class Y {
   @Autowired
   X x;
   public Y(){
      System.out.println("Y create");
   }
}

public class TestDemo{
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ApplicationContext applicationContext = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(Appconfig.class);
        System.out.printLn(applicationContext.getBean(X.class);  
		//控制台打印
		// X create   Y create
		//表明spring创建了X bean对象和Y bean对象，创建单例的方式通过反射调用无参构造方法，
		//并且spring支持循环引用，默认是开启状态。spring提供了api来关闭循环依赖的功能。
    }
}

spring容器初始化bean的大概过程

1：实例化一个ApplicationContext的对象；

ApplicationContext applicationContext = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(Appconfig.class);

	public AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(Class<?>... annotatedClasses) {
		this();
		register(annotatedClasses);
		refresh();  //入口
	}

	@Override
	public void refresh() throws BeansException, IllegalStateException {
		synchronized (this.startupShutdownMonitor) {
			// Prepare this context for refreshing.
			prepareRefresh();

			// Tell the subclass to refresh the internal bean factory.
			ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory = obtainFreshBeanFactory();

			// Prepare the bean factory for use in this context.
			prepareBeanFactory(beanFactory);

			try {
				// Allows post-processing of the bean factory in context subclasses.
				postProcessBeanFactory(beanFactory);

				// Invoke factory processors registered as beans in the context.
				invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(beanFactory);

				// Register bean processors that intercept bean creation.
				registerBeanPostProcessors(beanFactory);

				// Initialize message source for this context.
				initMessageSource();

				// Initialize event multicaster for this context.
				initApplicationEventMulticaster();

				// Initialize other special beans in specific context subclasses.
				onRefresh();

				// Check for listener beans and register them.
				registerListeners();

				// Instantiate all remaining (non-lazy-init) singletons.
				finishBeanFactoryInitialization(beanFactory);

				// Last step: publish corresponding event.
				finishRefresh();
			}

			catch (BeansException ex) {
				if (logger.isWarnEnabled()) {
					logger.warn("Exception encountered during context initialization - " +
							"cancelling refresh attempt: " + ex);
				}

				// Destroy already created singletons to avoid dangling resources.
				destroyBeans();

				// Reset 'active' flag.
				cancelRefresh(ex);

				// Propagate exception to caller.
				throw ex;
			}

			finally {
				// Reset common introspection caches in Spring's core, since we
				// might not ever need metadata for singleton beans anymore...
				resetCommonCaches();
			}
		}
	}

2：调用bean工厂后置处理器完成扫描；
3：循环解析扫描出来的类信息；
4：实例化一个BeanDefinition对象来存储解析出来的信息；
5：把实例化好的beanDefinition对象put到beanDefinitionMap当中缓存起来，以便后面实例化bean；

• obtainFreshBeanFactory();//把实例化好的beanDefinition对象put到beanDefinitionMap当中缓存起来
• beanDefinition里面有beanClass(类），scope(单例还是多例)，lazyinit(懒加载)等属性

6：再次调用bean工厂后置处理器；
7：当然spring还会干很多事情，比如国际化，比如注册BeanPostProcessor等等，如果我们只关心如何实例化一个bean的话那么这一步就是spring调用finishBeanFactoryInitialization方法来实例化单例的bean，实例化之前spring要做验证，需要遍历所有扫描出来的类，依次判断这个bean是否Lazy，是否prototype，是否abstract等等；

• 在AbstractApplicationContext#finishBeanFactoryInitialization方法中完成了bean的实例化

protected void finishBeanFactoryInitialization(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory) {
		// Initialize conversion service for this context.
		if (beanFactory.containsBean(CONVERSION_SERVICE_BEAN_NAME) &&
				beanFactory.isTypeMatch(CONVERSION_SERVICE_BEAN_NAME, ConversionService.class)) {
			beanFactory.setConversionService(
					beanFactory.getBean(CONVERSION_SERVICE_BEAN_NAME, ConversionService.class));
		}

		// Register a default embedded value resolver if no bean post-processor
		// (such as a PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer bean) registered any before:
		// at this point, primarily for resolution in annotation attribute values.
		if (!beanFactory.hasEmbeddedValueResolver()) {
			beanFactory.addEmbeddedValueResolver(strVal -> getEnvironment().resolvePlaceholders(strVal));
		}

		// Initialize LoadTimeWeaverAware beans early to allow for registering their transformers early.
		String[] weaverAwareNames = beanFactory.getBeanNamesForType(LoadTimeWeaverAware.class, false, false);
		for (String weaverAwareName : weaverAwareNames) {
			getBean(weaverAwareName);
		}

		// Stop using the temporary ClassLoader for type matching.
		beanFactory.setTempClassLoader(null);

		// Allow for caching all bean definition metadata, not expecting further changes.
		beanFactory.freezeConfiguration();

		// Instantiate all remaining (non-lazy-init) singletons.
		beanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons();//完成非懒加载的实例
	}

• 创建bean的过程

preInstantiateSingletons();//完成非懒加载的实例
	 getBean(beanName);
		  doGetBean(final String name, @Nullable final Class<T> requiredType,
			@Nullable final Object[] args, boolean typeCheckOnly)
			//创建bean的过程

8：如果验证完成spring在实例化一个bean之前需要推断构造方法，因为spring实例化对象是通过构造方法反射，故而需要知道用哪个构造方法；
9：推断完构造方法之后spring调用构造方法反射实例化一个对象；注意我这里说的是对象、对象、对象；这个时候对象已经实例化出来了，但是并不是一个完整的bean，最简单的体现是这个时候实例化出来的对象属性是没有注入，所以不是一个完整的bean；
10：spring处理合并后的beanDefinition(合并？是spring当中非常重要的一块内容，后面的文章我会分析)；
11：判断是否支持循环依赖，如果支持则提前把一个工厂存入singletonFactories——map；
12：判断是否需要完成属性注入
13：如果需要完成属性注入，则开始注入属性
14：判断bean的类型回调Aware接口
15：调用生命周期回调方法
16：如果需要代理则完成代理
17：put到单例池——bean完成——存在spring容器当中