哲学家问题（死锁产生以及解决问题）

1. 问题描述

 一桌5个人，拥有5根筷子，每隔人必须拿到两个筷子才能吃饭，吃完就会放下筷子。

若每个人同事去抢自己右手边的筷子，那么大家都可以获取一根筷子，但大家都在等待另一只筷子，形成了死锁。

2.解决方法

   设置某个人是先获取左手边的筷子，即可解决问提。但若是设置特定某个人就是使得整体顺序一直保持一样，所以考虑奇数编号拿左边筷子，偶数编码拿右手筷子。

3.代码解决实现方式如下：

package com.current.demo01.eat;

// 筷子类
public class ChapStick {

}

package com.current.demo01.eat;

import lombok.SneakyThrows;

// 人物类，抢筷子方法
public class Persion extends Thread{
    private ChapStick left;
    private ChapStick right;
    private int index;

    public Persion(String name,int index,ChapStick left,ChapStick right){
        this.setName(name);
        this.index = index;
        this.left = left;
        this.right = right;
    }

    @SneakyThrows
    @Override
    public void run() {
        if(index%2==0){
            synchronized (left){
                Thread.sleep(index+1);
                synchronized (right){
                    Thread.sleep(index+1);
                    System.out.println(index+"号人员已就餐完毕");
                }
            }
        }else {
            synchronized (right){
                Thread.sleep(index+1);
                synchronized (left){
                    Thread.sleep(index+1);
                    System.out.println(index+"号人员已就餐完毕");
                }
            }
        }

    }
}

package com.current.demo01.eat;

// 启动5个人开始抢筷子
public class EatTest {
    public static void main(String[] args){
        // 创建5个筷子对象
        ChapStick chapStick1 = new ChapStick();
        ChapStick chapStick2 = new ChapStick();
        ChapStick chapStick3 = new ChapStick();
        ChapStick chapStick4 = new ChapStick();
        ChapStick chapStick5 = new ChapStick();

        // 创建5个人抓筷子
        Persion persion1 = new Persion("no1",1,chapStick1,chapStick2);
        Persion persion2 = new Persion("no2",2,chapStick2,chapStick3);
        Persion persion3 = new Persion("no3",3,chapStick3,chapStick4);
        Persion persion4 = new Persion("no4",4,chapStick4,chapStick5);
        Persion persion5 = new Persion("no5",5,chapStick5,chapStick1);

        persion1.start();
        persion2.start();
        persion3.start();
        persion4.start();
        persion5.start();
    }


}