第四章 选择结构设计（下）

例4.6 要求按照考试成绩的等级输出百分制分数段，成绩的等级由键盘输入

#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
 char grade;
 scanf("%c",&grade);
 printf("Your score:");
 switch(grade)
 {
 case'A':printf("85~100\n");break;
 case'B':printf("70~84\n");break;
 case'C':printf("60~69\n");break;
 case'D':printf("<60\n");break;
 default:printf("enter data error!\n");
 }
 return 0;
}

运行结果如下：

例4.7 从键盘输入一个’A’或’a’字符，就会执行A操作，输入一个’B’或’b’，就会执行B操作。

#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
 void action1(int,int),action2(int,int);
 char ch;
 int a=15,b=23;
 ch=getchar();
 switch(ch)
 {
 case'a':
 case'A':action1(a,b);break;
 case'b':
 case'B':action2(a,b);break;
 default:putchar('\a');
 }
 return 0;
}
 void action1(int x,int y)
 {
  printf("x+y=%d\n",x+y);
 }
 void action2(int x,int y)
 {
  printf("x*y=%d\n",x*y);
 }

运行结果如下：

例4.8 1.写一程序，判断某一年是否为闰年。

#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
 int year,leap;
 printf("enter year:");
 scanf("%d",&year);
 if(year%4==0)
 {
  if(year%100==0)
  {
   if(year%400==0)
   leap=1;
  else leap=0;
 }
 else 
  leap=1;
 }
 else
  leap=0;
 if(leap)
  printf("%d is ",year);
 else 
  printf("%d is not ",year);
 printf("a leap year.\n");
 return 0;
}

运行结果如下：

2 将程序中第7-12行改写成以下的if语句

#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
 int year,leap;
 printf("enter year:");
 scanf("%d",&year);
 if(year%4!=0)
  leap=0;
 else if(year%100!=0)
  leap=1;
 else if(year%400!=0)
  leap=0;
 else
  leap=1;
 if(leap)
  printf("%d is ",year);
 else 
  printf("%d is not ",year);
 printf("a leap year.\n");
 return 0;
}

运行结果如下：

3 将上述if语句用下面的if语句代替

#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
 int year,leap;
 printf("enter year:");
 scanf("%d",&year);
 if((year%4==0&&year%100!=0)||(year%400==0))
  leap=1;
 else
  leap=0;
 if(leap)
  printf("%d is ",year);
 else 
  printf("%d is not ",year);
 printf("a leap year.\n");
 return 0;
}

运行结果如下：

例4.9 求ax²+bx+c=0方程的解，并判断两个根的类型

#include<stdio.h>
#include<math.h>
int main()
{
 double a,b,c,disc,x1,x2,realpart,imagpart;
 scanf("%lf,%lf,%lf",&a,&b,&c);
 printf("The equation");
 if(fabs(a)<=1e-6)
  printf("is not a quadratic\n");
 else
 {
  disc=b*b-4*a*c;
  if(fabs(disc)<=1e-6)
   printf("has two equal roots:%8.4f\n",-b/(2*a));
  else
   if(disc>1e-6)
   {
    x1=(-b+sqrt(disc))/(2*a);
    x2=(-b-sqrt(disc))/(2*a);
    printf("has distinct real roots:%8.4f and %8.4f\n",x1,x2);
   }
   else
   {
    realpart=-b/(2*a);
    imagpart=sqrt(-disc)/(2*a);
    printf("has complex roots:\n");
    printf("%8.4f+%8.4fi\n",realpart,imagpart);
    printf("%8.4f-%8.4fi\n",realpart,imagpart);
   }
 }
 return 0;
}

运行结果如下：

例4.10 运输公司对用户计算运输费用。路程越远，运费越低。标准如下：

 #include < stdio.h>
 int main()
{
    int c,s;
    float p,w,d,f;
    printf(" please enter price , weight , discount:");
    scanf("%f,%f,%d" , &p,&w, &s);
    if(s>=3000)  c=12;
    else   c=s/250;
    switch(c)
    {
      case0: d=0;break;
      case 1: d= 2;break;
      case 2:
      case 3: d= 5; break;
      case 4:
      case 5:
      case 6:
      case 7: d= 8;break;
      case 8:
      case 9:
      case 10:
      case 11: d= 10;break;
      case 12: d=15;break;
    }
  f=p*w*s*(1-d/100);
  printf("freight=%10.2f\n",f);
  return 0;
}

运行结果如下：