Python实现简单的学生信息管理系统

"""
学生信息管理系统
version: 3
author: Teow
email： szp_network@foxmail.com
"""

import json


def print_info():
    """输出功能提示信息"""
    print("\n--------------学生信息管理系统--------------\n")
    print("              1. 显示所有学生信息")
    print("              2. 升序显示学生信息")
    print("              3. 添加学生信息")
    print("              4. 查找学生信息")
    print("              5. 修改学生信息")
    print("              6. 删除学生信息")
    print("              7. 退 出\n")


def display_all_info(all_info):
    """显示所有学生信息"""
    print("---------------------------------")
    print(" 姓名\t\t\t性别\t\t\t学号\n")
    # 遍历数组并进行输出
    for student_info in all_info:
        print(f"{student_info['name'].ljust(3)}\t\t\t{student_info['gender']}\t\t{student_info['student_id']}")
    print("---------------------------------")


def sort_info(all_info):
    """对学生信息按学号升序输出"""
    sorted_info = sorted(all_info, key=lambda str: str['student_id'])
    display_all_info(sorted_info)


def add_info(all_info):
    """添加学生信息"""
    # 为学生创建字典
    student_info = input_check(all_info)
    # 将字典添加到数组尾部
    all_info.append(student_info)

    print("添加成功！")


def find_info(all_info):
    """通过姓名或者学号查找学生信息"""
    keyword = input("请输入学生学号：")
    # 去除左右空格
    keyword = keyword.strip()
    index = find_info_index(all_info, keyword)
    if index or index == 0:
        print("---------------------------------")
        print(" 姓名\t\t\t性别\t\t\t学号\n")
        print(f"{all_info[index]['name'].ljust(3)}\t\t\t{all_info[index]['gender']}\t\t{all_info[index]['student_id']}")
        print("---------------------------------")
    else:
        print("未找到该学生信息！")


def change_info(all_info):
    """通过学号修改学生信息"""
    keyword = input("请输入要修改信息学生的学号：")
    keyword = keyword.strip()
    # 获取目标信息数组下标
    index = find_info_index(all_info, keyword)
    if index or index == 0:
        student_info = input_check(all_info, keyword)
        all_info[index] = student_info
        print("修改成功！")
    else:
        print("未录入该学生信息！")


def del_info(all_info):
    """通过学号删除学生信息"""
    keyword = input("请输入要删除信息学生的学号：")
    keyword = keyword.strip()
    index = find_info_index(all_info, keyword)
    if index or index == 0:
        del all_info[index]
        print("删除成功！")
    else:
        print("未录入该学生信息！")


def input_check(all_info, keyword=None):
    """获取用户输入，并对学号进行检查"""
    while True:
        while True:
            name = input("请输入姓名：")
            # 去除左右空格
            name = name.strip()
            # 非空检查
            if name != '':
                break
        while True:
            gender = input("请输入性别：")
            gender = gender.strip()
            if gender != '':
                break
        while True:
            student_id = input("请输入学号：")
            student_id = student_id.strip()
            if student_id != '':
                break
        # 判断该学号是否已经存在
        flag = True
        for student_info in all_info:
            # keyword参数在修改信息时使用，允许新学号与原学号相同
            if student_info['student_id'] == student_id and student_id != keyword:
                print("该学号已经被登记，请重新输入学生信息！")
                flag = False
                break
        if flag is True:
            break

    student_info = {'name': name, 'gender': gender, 'student_id': student_id}
    return student_info


def find_info_index(all_info, keyword):
    """返回目标学号数组下标"""
    flag = False
    for i in range(0, len(all_info)):
        if all_info[i]['student_id'] == keyword:
            flag = True
            break
    if flag is True:
        return i
    else:
        return None


def save_info(all_info, filename):
    """保存学生信息"""
    with open(filename, 'w') as f:
        json.dump(all_info, f)


def load_info(filename):
    """载入学生信息"""
    try:
        with open(filename) as f:
            saved_info = json.load(f)
    except FileNotFoundError:
        return []
    except json.JSONDecodeError:
        return []
    else:
        return saved_info


file = 'student_info.json'
info = load_info(file)
while True:
    print_info()

    user_num = input("请选择功能选项(1-7)：")
    user_num = user_num.strip()
    if user_num == '1':
        display_all_info(info)
    elif user_num == '2':
        sort_info(info)
    elif user_num == '3':
        add_info(info)
        save_info(info, file)
    elif user_num == '4':
        find_info(info)
    elif user_num == '5':
        change_info(info)
        save_info(info, file)
    elif user_num == '6':
        del_info(info)
        save_info(info, file)
    elif user_num == '7':
        break
    else:
        print("请输入正确的选项")

    input("\n按下回车键返回菜单")