此图是SpringMVC的原理图。
SpringMVC框架是以请求为驱动,围绕Servlet设计,将请求发给控制器,然后通过模型对象,分派器来展示请求结果视图。其中核心类是DispatcherServlet,它是一个Servlet,顶层是实现的Servlet接口。
搭建环境并简单使用:
1,加入要用的jar包
2,配置web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">
<display-name>SprintMVC</display-name>
<!--sprinMVC核心配置 -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>HelloWeb</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>
org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet
</servlet-class>
<!--设置初始化的优先级 1为最高级,5为最低级 -->
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>HelloWeb</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
web.xml没有配置HelloWeb-servlet.xml的路径,默认就去/WEB-INF/下找它
如果要修改文件的地址,在web.xml中加入
3,配置HelloWeb-servlet.xml
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd">
<!--自动扫面该package,认为该包下带@Controller的class是Controller -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.tutorialspoint" />
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/" />
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
</bean>
</beans>
配置HelloWeb-servlet.xml的主要作用是找到带注解@Controller的类。
4,新建class com.tutorialspoint.HelloController
package com.tutorialspoint;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import org.springframework.ui.ModelMap;
@Controller
public class HelloController{
@RequestMapping(value="/hello",method = RequestMethod.GET)
public String printHello(ModelMap model,HttpServletRequest req) {
String user =req.getParameter("user");
System.out.print(user);
model.addAttribute("message", "Hello Spring MVC Framework!");//返回的参数名+参数值
model.addAttribute("message2", "Hello message2!");//返回的参数名+参数值
return "hello";
}
@RequestMapping(value="/ModelAndView",method = RequestMethod.GET)
public ModelAndView printModelAndView(HttpServletRequest req) {
String user =req.getParameter("user");//接收参数
System.out.print(user);
ModelAndView mv =new ModelAndView();
mv.addObject("ModelAndView", "hello ModelAndView!");//返回的参数名+参数值
mv.setViewName("/hello");//跳转到的页面地址
return mv;
}
}
5,WEB-INF下新建jsp/hello.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<title>Hello World</title>
</head>
<body>
<h2>${message}</h2>
<h2>${message2}</h2>
<h2>${ModelAndView}</h2>
</body>
</html>
最后可以看到
更多内容请查看Spring官方文档