1 静态Web服务器是什么
可以为发出请求的浏览器提供静态文档的程序。
平时我们浏览百度新闻数据的时候,每天的新闻数据都会发生变化,
那访问的这个页面就是动态的,而我们开发的是静态的,页面的数据不会发生变化。
2 如何搭建Python自带的静态Web服务器
在ubantu系统中
1、调到制定的pwd路径中
2、搭建Python自带的静态Web服务器使用 python3 -m http.server 端口号, 端口号不指定默认是8000
-m表示运行包里面的模块,执行这个命令的时候,需要进入你自己指定静态文件的目录,
然后通过浏览器就能访问对应的 html文件了,这样一个静态的web服务器就搭建好了。
3 静态Web服务器-返回指定页面数据的示例代码
import socket
def main():
tcp_server_socket = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
tcp_server_socket.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_REUSEADDR, True)
tcp_server_socket.bind(("", 9000))
tcp_server_socket.listen(128)
while True:
new_socket, ip_port = tcp_server_socket.accept()
recv_client_data = new_socket.recv(4096)
if len(recv_client_data) == 0:
print("关闭浏览器了")
new_socket.close()
return
recv_client_content = recv_client_data.decode("utf-8")
print(recv_client_content)
request_list = recv_client_content.split(" ", maxsplit=2)
request_path = request_list[1]
print(request_path)
if request_path == "/":
request_path = "/index.html"
try:
with open("static" + request_path, "rb") as file:
file_data = file.read()
except Exception as e:
response_line = "HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found\r\n"
response_header = "Server: PWS1.0\r\n"
with open("static/error.html", "rb") as file:
file_data = file.read()
response_body = file_data
response_data = (response_line + response_header + "\r\n").encode("utf-8") + response_body
new_socket.send(response_data)
else:
response_line = "HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\n"
response_header = "Server: PWS1.0\r\n"
response_body = file_data
response_data = (response_line + response_header + "\r\n").encode("utf-8") + response_body
new_socket.send(response_data)
finally:
new_socket.close()
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
4 静态web服务器——多任务版
import socket
import threading
def handle_client_request(client_socket, ip_port):
while True:
recv_data = client_socket.recv(4096)
if recv_data:
recv_content = recv_data.decode("gbk")
print(f"接收到{ip_port}客户端的消息为:", recv_content)
response_line = "HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\n"
response_header = "Server: PWS/1.0\r\n"
with open("static/index.html", "r") as file:
file_data = file.read()
response_body = file_data
send_response = response_line + response_header + "\r\n" + response_body
response_data = send_response.encode("utf-8")
client_socket.send(response_data)
client_socket.close()
else:
print(f"客户端下线了,{ip_port}")
break
if __name__ == '__main__':
tcp_server_socket = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
tcp_server_socket.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_REUSEADDR, True)
tcp_server_socket.bind(("", 8000))
tcp_server_socket.listen(128)
while True:
client_socket, ip_port = tcp_server_socket.accept()
sub_thread = threading.Thread(target=handle_client_request, args=(client_socket, ip_port))
sub_thread.setDaemon(True)
sub_thread.start()
5 静态web服务器——面向对象版
import socket
import threading
class HttpWebServer(object):
def __init__(self):
tcp_server_socket = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
tcp_server_socket.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_REUSEADDR, True)
tcp_server_socket.bind(("", 9000))
tcp_server_socket.listen(128)
self.tcp_server_socket = tcp_server_socket
@staticmethod
def handle_client_request(new_socket):
recv_client_data = new_socket.recv(4096)
if len(recv_client_data) == 0:
print("关闭浏览器了")
new_socket.close()
return
recv_client_content = recv_client_data.decode("utf-8")
print(recv_client_content)
request_list = recv_client_content.split(" ", maxsplit=2)
request_path = request_list[1]
print(request_path)
if request_path == "/":
request_path = "/index.html"
try:
with open("static" + request_path, "rb") as file:
file_data = file.read()
except Exception as e:
response_line = "HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found\r\n"
response_header = "Server: PWS1.0\r\n"
with open("static/error.html", "rb") as file:
file_data = file.read()
response_body = file_data
response_data = (response_line + response_header + "\r\n").encode("utf-8") + response_body
new_socket.send(response_data)
else:
response_line = "HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\n"
response_header = "Server: PWS1.0\r\n"
response_body = file_data
response_data = (response_line + response_header + "\r\n").encode("utf-8") + response_body
new_socket.send(response_data)
finally:
new_socket.close()
def start(self):
while True:
new_socket, ip_port = self.tcp_server_socket.accept()
sub_thread = threading.Thread(target=self.handle_client_request, args=(new_socket,))
sub_thread.setDaemon(True)
sub_thread.start()
def main():
web_server = HttpWebServer()
web_server.start()
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
6 静态Web服务器-命令行启动动态绑定端口号
import socket
import threading
import sys
class HttpWebServer(object):
def __init__(self, port):
tcp_server_socket = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
tcp_server_socket.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_REUSEADDR, True)
tcp_server_socket.bind(("", port))
tcp_server_socket.listen(128)
self.tcp_server_socket = tcp_server_socket
@staticmethod
def handle_client_request(new_socket):
recv_client_data = new_socket.recv(4096)
if len(recv_client_data) == 0:
print("关闭浏览器了")
new_socket.close()
return
recv_client_content = recv_client_data.decode("utf-8")
print(recv_client_content)
request_list = recv_client_content.split(" ", maxsplit=2)
request_path = request_list[1]
print(request_path)
if request_path == "/":
request_path = "/index.html"
try:
with open("static" + request_path, "rb") as file:
file_data = file.read()
except Exception as e:
response_line = "HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found\r\n"
response_header = "Server: PWS1.0\r\n"
with open("static/error.html", "rb") as file:
file_data = file.read()
response_body = file_data
response_data = (response_line + response_header + "\r\n").encode("utf-8") + response_body
new_socket.send(response_data)
else:
response_line = "HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\n"
response_header = "Server: PWS1.0\r\n"
response_body = file_data
response_data = (response_line + response_header + "\r\n").encode("utf-8") + response_body
new_socket.send(response_data)
finally:
new_socket.close()
def start(self):
while True:
new_socket, ip_port = self.tcp_server_socket.accept()
sub_thread = threading.Thread(target=self.handle_client_request, args=(new_socket,))
sub_thread.setDaemon(True)
sub_thread.start()
def main():
print(sys.argv)
if len(sys.argv) != 2:
print("执行命令如下: python3 xxx.py 8000")
return
if not sys.argv[1].isdigit():
print("执行命令如下: python3 xxx.py 8000")
return
port = int(sys.argv[1])
web_server = HttpWebServer(port)
web_server.start()
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
获取执行python程序的终端命令行参数
sys.argv
判断参数的类型,设置端口号必须是整型
if not sys.argv[1].isdigit():
print("启动命令如下: python3 xxx.py 9090")
return
port = int(sys.argv[1])
给Web服务器类的初始化方法添加一个端口号参数,用于绑定端口号
def __init__(self, port):
self.tcp_server_socket.bind((“”, port))