linux重装yum源

使用yum下载软件报错，原因是系统自带的yum源是没有注册的，所以使用时候会报错。

1、删除red hat系统自带yum源

[root@localhost ~]# rpm -qa | grep yum
yum-utils-1.1.31-52.el7.noarch
yum-langpacks-0.4.2-7.el7.noarch
yum-metadata-parser-1.1.4-10.el7.x86_64
yum-3.4.3-163.el7.noarch
yum-rhn-plugin-2.0.1-10.el7.noarch
PackageKit-yum-1.1.10-1.el7.x86_64
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -e --nodeps yum-utils-1.1.31-52.el7.noarch
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -e --nodeps yum-langpacks-0.4.2-7.el7.noarch
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -e --nodeps yum-metadata-parser-1.1.4-10.el7.x86_64
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -e --nodeps yum-3.4.3-163.el7.noarch
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -e --nodeps yum-rhn-plugin-2.0.1-10.el7.noarch
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -e --nodeps PackageKit-yum-1.1.10-1.el7.x86_64
[root@localhost ~]# rm -rf yum-cli/
[root@localhost ~]# rm -rf yum-plugins/

2、下载新的yum安装包

网易的镜像网站为：http://mirrors.163.com，本人使用系统是redhat7.7版本，所以选择下载Centos7的镜像源，需要下载一下4个包
1、python-iniparse-0.4-9.el7.noarch.rpm

2、yum-3.4.3-168.el7.centos.noarch.rpm

3、yum-metadata-parser-1.1.4-10.el7.x86_64.rpm

4、yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.31-54.el7_8.noarch.rpm

方法一、在以下网址http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/ 下载所需文件到本地电脑再用ftp传到linux上

方法二、用wget方法下载（本人使用）
wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/包名

[root@localhost local]# wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/python-iniparse-0.4-9.el7.noarch.rpm
--2022-04-18 10:43:01--  http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/python-iniparse-0.4-9.el7.noarch.rpm
正在解析主机 mirrors.163.com (mirrors.163.com)... 60.191.80.11
正在连接 mirrors.163.com (mirrors.163.com)|60.191.80.11|:80... 已连接。
已发出 HTTP 请求，正在等待回应... 
200 OK
长度：39800 (39K) [application/x-redhat-package-manager]
正在保存至: “python-iniparse-0.4-9.el7.noarch.rpm”

100%[===================================================================================================================>] 39,800       123KB/s 用时 0.3s   

2022-04-18 10:43:22 (123 KB/s) - 已保存 “python-iniparse-0.4-9.el7.noarch.rpm” [39800/39800])

3、开始安装

[root@localhost local]# rpm -ivh --nodeps python-iniparse-0.4-9.el7.noarch.rpm
[root@localhost local]# rpm -ivh --nodeps yum-3.4.3-168.el7.centos.noarch.rpm
[root@localhost local]# rpm -ivh --nodeps yum-metadata-parser-1.1.4-10.el7.x86_64.rpm
[root@localhost local]# rpm -ivh --nodeps yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.31-54.el7_8.noarch.rpm

4、下载配置文件

Centos7的镜像下载链接为：http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS7-Base-163.repo

  [root@localhost centosyum]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
  [root@localhost yum.repos.d]# ls
  redhat.repo
  [root@localhost yum.repos.d]# wget http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS7-Base-163.repo
    --2020-12-23 16:47:47--  http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS7-Base-163.repo
    正在解析主机 mirrors.163.com (mirrors.163.com)... 121.10.65.38, 121.10.65.39, 14.17.102.89, ...
    正在连接 mirrors.163.com (mirrors.163.com)|121.10.65.38|:80... 已连接。
    已发出 HTTP 请求，正在等待回应... 200 OK
    长度：1572 (1.5K) [application/octet-stream]
    正在保存至: “CentOS7-Base-163.repo”

    100%[============================================>] 1,572       --.-K/s 用时 0.01s   

    2020-12-23 16:47:47 (104 KB/s) - 已保存 “CentOS7-Base-163.repo” [1572/1572])

把CentOS7-Base-163.repo 文件中的$releasever替换为7，因为我这里下载的是centos7安装包http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages

[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# ls
CentOS7-Base-163.repo  redhat.repo
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# vi CentOS7-Base-163.repo 

5.完成

此时，yum源就基本更改完成，然后执行：
yum clean all
yum makecache

[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum clean all
已加载插件：fastestmirror, product-id, search-disabled-repos, subscription-manager
This system is not registered with an entitlement server. You can use subscription-manager to register.
正在清理软件源： base extras updates
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum makecache
已加载插件：fastestmirror, product-id, search-disabled-repos, subscription-manager
This system is not registered with an entitlement server. You can use subscription-manager to register.
Determining fastest mirrors
base                                                           | 3.6 kB  00:00:00     
extras                                                         | 2.9 kB  00:00:00     
updates                                                        | 2.9 kB  00:00:00     
(1/10): base/x86_64/group_gz                                   | 153 kB  00:00:00     
(2/10): base/x86_64/primary_db                                 | 6.1 MB  00:00:03     
(3/10): extras/x86_64/primary_db                               | 222 kB  00:00:00     
(4/10): extras/x86_64/filelists_db                             | 224 kB  00:00:00     
(5/10): base/x86_64/filelists_db                               | 7.2 MB  00:00:05     
(6/10): extras/x86_64/other_db                                 | 134 kB  00:00:00     
(7/10): updates/x86_64/filelists_db                            | 2.7 MB  00:00:01     
(8/10): updates/x86_64/other_db                                | 334 kB  00:00:00     
(9/10): base/x86_64/other_db                                   | 2.6 MB  00:00:02     
(10/10): updates/x86_64/primary_db                             | 4.7 MB  00:00:03     
元数据缓存已建立