学习记录383@Spring Boot 异步编程

异步编程也就是多线程编程，springboot 提供了简单的多线程实现

jar包

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>

@EnableAsync 在Springboot01Application入口类上

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableAsync
public class Springboot01Application {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(Springboot01Application.class, args);
    }
}

编写异步任务

@Component
@Slf4j
public class AsyncTest {

    @Async
    public void async01() throws InterruptedException {
        TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(5);
        log.info(Thread.currentThread().getName()+",执行了");
//        没有返回值得异步编程，全局处理器无法捕捉到，需要单独处理
        throw new RuntimeException("人为异常");
    }

    @Async
    public Future<String> async02() throws InterruptedException {

        TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(5);
        log.info("有返回值的线程名称为：{}",Thread.currentThread().getName());
        //文件上传。。。。文件路径
        //有返回值得异步编程，全局处理器可以捕捉到
        throw new RuntimeException("人为异常");
//       return new AsyncResult<>("异步任务的返回值");
    }
}

测试

@RestController
@Slf4j
public class Test01 {

//    异步编程
    @Autowired
    private AsyncTest asyncTest;
    @GetMapping("/async01")
    public void async01() throws InterruptedException {
        asyncTest.async01();
    }

    @GetMapping("/async02")
    public String async02() throws InterruptedException, ExecutionException {
        Future<String> stringFuture = asyncTest.async02();
        return stringFuture.get();
    }
}

自定义线程池

不使用springboot提供的线程池，选择自定义

@Configuration
@Slf4j
public class AsyncPoolConfig implements AsyncConfigurer {

    @Override
    @Bean
    public Executor getAsyncExecutor() {
        ThreadPoolTaskExecutor threadPoolTaskExecutor = new ThreadPoolTaskExecutor();
        threadPoolTaskExecutor.setCorePoolSize(5);
        threadPoolTaskExecutor.setMaxPoolSize(10);
        threadPoolTaskExecutor.setKeepAliveSeconds(10);
        threadPoolTaskExecutor.setQueueCapacity(100);
        threadPoolTaskExecutor.setThreadNamePrefix("XXXX-");//线程名字前缀
        threadPoolTaskExecutor.setRejectedExecutionHandler(new ThreadPoolExecutor.CallerRunsPolicy());
        return threadPoolTaskExecutor;
    }
}

全局异常处理器

可以捕获有返回值的异步编程异常

@RestControllerAdvice
@Slf4j
public class MyExceptionHandler {

    @ExceptionHandler(Exception.class)
    public Map<String,String> map(Exception e){
        HashMap<String, String> map = new HashMap<>();
        map.put("异常",e.getMessage());
        return map;
    }
}

单独处理线程异常

因为无返回值异步编程得异常无法被全局异常处理器捕捉到，因此需要单独处理，在自定义线程池类中重写getAsyncUncaughtExceptionHandler方法即可！

@Configuration
@Slf4j
public class AsyncPoolConfig implements AsyncConfigurer {

    @Override
    @Bean
    public Executor getAsyncExecutor() {
        ThreadPoolTaskExecutor threadPoolTaskExecutor = new ThreadPoolTaskExecutor();
//        最好在配置文件中设置
        threadPoolTaskExecutor.setCorePoolSize(5);
        threadPoolTaskExecutor.setMaxPoolSize(10);
        threadPoolTaskExecutor.setKeepAliveSeconds(10);
        threadPoolTaskExecutor.setQueueCapacity(100);
        threadPoolTaskExecutor.setThreadNamePrefix("xxxx-");//线程名字前缀
        threadPoolTaskExecutor.setRejectedExecutionHandler(new ThreadPoolExecutor.CallerRunsPolicy());
        return threadPoolTaskExecutor;
    }

    @Override
    public AsyncUncaughtExceptionHandler getAsyncUncaughtExceptionHandler() {
//        返回值是一个接口，需要实现类，这里用lamda
        return (Throwable var1, Method var2, Object... var3)->{log.info("捕获无返回值得异步编程异常");};
    }

}