Docker-脚本管理容器

本贴接上一篇：Docker-容器操作练习之端口映射

一般情况下管理容器都是用k8s来进行，那如果公司中没有k8s怎么办？？
那就来编写一个脚本吧，来管理容器
把启动容器的方式写成脚本、当然还可以根据自己的需求添加跟多的功能、博主有空会更新

[root@localhost ~]# vim docker.sh 
read -p "请给容器起个名字：" name
read -p "请填写你要使用的镜像：" image
read -p "请填写宿主机端口：" port1
read -p "转发到的容器端口：" port2
read -p "容器启动后你要执行的命令：" cmd

docker run -d -p $port1:$port2 --name $name -it $image /bin/bash    #这里用到的是创建并运行
docker exec -it $name /bin/bash -c "$cmd"            #这里是连接

ip=`docker inspect --format '{{.NetworkSettings.IPAddress}}' $name`
status=`docker inspect --format '{{.State.Status}}' $name`

echo 容器名称：$name               #显示创建成功的结果
echo 容器地址：$ip
echo 运行状态：$status

此处附图

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这是分割线

---

解释一下代码中的含义：

首先，创建完容器后我们想要将它的基本信息显示出来、像状态、IP、名字等
ip增么获取呢？

首先，查看容器的基本信息：使用docekr inspect 命令

[root@localhost ~]# docker inspect b2d   #查看容器的信息
[
    {
        "Id": "b2dba289a763941e898e133006ced4a9e38a21e234ef1ca90263a29628a53ef9",
        "Created": "2019-09-04T12:41:53.360227203Z",
        "Path": "/bin/bash",
        "Args": [],
        "State": {
            "Status": "running",
            "Running": true,
            "Paused": false,
            "Restarting": false,
            "OOMKilled": false,
            "Dead": false,
            "Pid": 109519,
            "ExitCode": 0,
            "Error": "",
            "StartedAt": "2019-09-04T12:41:53.896462001Z",
            "FinishedAt": "0001-01-01T00:00:00Z"
        },
        "Image": "sha256:5a3221f0137beb960c34b9cf4455424b6210160fd618c5e79401a07d6e5a2ced",
        "ResolvConfPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/b2dba289a763941e898e133006ced4a9e38a21e234ef1ca90263a29628a53ef9/resolv.conf",
        "HostnamePath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/b2dba289a763941e898e133006ced4a9e38a21e234ef1ca90263a29628a53ef9/hostname",
        "HostsPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/b2dba289a763941e898e133006ced4a9e38a21e234ef1ca90263a29628a53ef9/hosts",
        "LogPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/b2dba289a763941e898e133006ced4a9e38a21e234ef1ca90263a29628a53ef9/b2dba289a763941e898e133006ced4a9e38a21e234ef1ca90263a29628a53ef9-json.log",
        "Name": "/test3",
        "RestartCount": 0,
        "Driver": "overlay2",
        "Platform": "linux",
        "MountLabel": "",
        "ProcessLabel": "",
        "AppArmorProfile": "",
        "ExecIDs": null,
        "HostConfig": {
            "Binds": null,
            "ContainerIDFile": "",
            "LogConfig": {
                "Type": "json-file",
                "Config": {}
            },
            "NetworkMode": "default",
            "PortBindings": {
                "80/tcp": [
                    {
                        "HostIp": "",
                        "HostPort": "83"
                    }
                ]
            },
            "RestartPolicy": {
                "Name": "no",
                "MaximumRetryCount": 0
            },
            "AutoRemove": false,
            "VolumeDriver": "",
            "VolumesFrom": null,
            "CapAdd": null,
            "CapDrop": null,
            "Capabilities": null,
            "Dns": [],
            "DnsOptions": [],
            "DnsSearch": [],
            "ExtraHosts": null,
            "GroupAdd": null,
            "IpcMode": "private",
            "Cgroup": "",
            "Links": null,
            "OomScoreAdj": 0,
            "PidMode": "",
            "Privileged": false,
            "PublishAllPorts": false,
            "ReadonlyRootfs": false,
            "SecurityOpt": null,
            "UTSMode": "",
            "UsernsMode": "",
            "ShmSize": 67108864,
            "Runtime": "runc",
            "ConsoleSize": [
                0,
                0
            ],
            "Isolation": "",
            "CpuShares": 0,
            "Memory": 0,
            "NanoCpus": 0,
            "CgroupParent": "",
            "BlkioWeight": 0,
            "BlkioWeightDevice": [],
            "BlkioDeviceReadBps": null,
            "BlkioDeviceWriteBps": null,
            "BlkioDeviceReadIOps": null,
            "BlkioDeviceWriteIOps": null,
            "CpuPeriod": 0,
            "CpuQuota": 0,
            "CpuRealtimePeriod": 0,
            "CpuRealtimeRuntime": 0,
            "CpusetCpus": "",
            "CpusetMems": "",
            "Devices": [],
            "DeviceCgroupRules": null,
            "DeviceRequests": null,
            "KernelMemory": 0,
            "KernelMemoryTCP": 0,
            "MemoryReservation": 0,
            "MemorySwap": 0,
            "MemorySwappiness": null,
            "OomKillDisable": false,
            "PidsLimit": null,
            "Ulimits": null,
            "CpuCount": 0,
            "CpuPercent": 0,
            "IOMaximumIOps": 0,
            "IOMaximumBandwidth": 0,
            "MaskedPaths": [
                "/proc/asound",
                "/proc/acpi",
                "/proc/kcore",
                "/proc/keys",
                "/proc/latency_stats",
                "/proc/timer_list",
                "/proc/timer_stats",
                "/proc/sched_debug",
                "/proc/scsi",
                "/sys/firmware"
            ],
            "ReadonlyPaths": [
                "/proc/bus",
                "/proc/fs",
                "/proc/irq",
                "/proc/sys",
                "/proc/sysrq-trigger"
            ]
        },
        "GraphDriver": {
            "Data": {
                "LowerDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/bc55c339aef970cdf221a211d1df430202b87398be5f31c69fe665fb74c7b475-init/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/607aa93ddbccdd13c8d22c9a2a158f9c10143707cc97c89a3a2e4bd67cd2b46c/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/07029f1759ca8b34e2788e440f293bcdcbfeba4ad194fa5368448d8067b1d8b6/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/c1d62f36de8daad83783d01f35c06efa5d3e696ac112e13dafa148f6dfadd1bb/diff",
                "MergedDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/bc55c339aef970cdf221a211d1df430202b87398be5f31c69fe665fb74c7b475/merged",
                "UpperDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/bc55c339aef970cdf221a211d1df430202b87398be5f31c69fe665fb74c7b475/diff",
                "WorkDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/bc55c339aef970cdf221a211d1df430202b87398be5f31c69fe665fb74c7b475/work"
            },
            "Name": "overlay2"
        },
        "Mounts": [],
        "Config": {
            "Hostname": "b2dba289a763",
            "Domainname": "",
            "User": "",
            "AttachStdin": false,
            "AttachStdout": false,
            "AttachStderr": false,
            "ExposedPorts": {
                "80/tcp": {}
            },
            "Tty": true,
            "OpenStdin": true,
            "StdinOnce": false,
            "Env": [
                "PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin",
                "NGINX_VERSION=1.17.3",
                "NJS_VERSION=0.3.5",
                "PKG_RELEASE=1~buster"
            ],
            "Cmd": [
                "/bin/bash"
            ],
            "Image": "nginx",
            "Volumes": null,
            "WorkingDir": "",
            "Entrypoint": null,
            "OnBuild": null,
            "Labels": {
                "maintainer": "NGINX Docker Maintainers <docker-maint@nginx.com>"
            },
            "StopSignal": "SIGTERM"
        },
        "NetworkSettings": {
            "Bridge": "",
            "SandboxID": "f2957f5102fa11a2d04e063376dfe4b41621d1b7056ed550adc315622c7ace99",
            "HairpinMode": false,
            "LinkLocalIPv6Address": "",
            "LinkLocalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
            "Ports": {
                "80/tcp": [
                    {
                        "HostIp": "0.0.0.0",
                        "HostPort": "83"
                    }
                ]
            },
            "SandboxKey": "/var/run/docker/netns/f2957f5102fa",
            "SecondaryIPAddresses": null,
            "SecondaryIPv6Addresses": null,
            "EndpointID": "5ed42bb4f5627013a7cf1450eb1fa57e26e88259876c1aac65ec3c03fa822d87",
            "Gateway": "172.17.0.1",
            "GlobalIPv6Address": "",
            "GlobalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
            "IPAddress": "172.17.0.5",
            "IPPrefixLen": 16,
            "IPv6Gateway": "",
            "MacAddress": "02:42:ac:11:00:05",
            "Networks": {
                "bridge": {
                    "IPAMConfig": null,
                    "Links": null,
                    "Aliases": null,
                    "NetworkID": "448a419b0c3c8aa1f5fa3bf12e6dfbf6950f9747db08bc865bffb32a00263688",
                    "EndpointID": "5ed42bb4f5627013a7cf1450eb1fa57e26e88259876c1aac65ec3c03fa822d87",
                    "Gateway": "172.17.0.1",
                    "IPAddress": "172.17.0.5",
                    "IPPrefixLen": 16,
                    "IPv6Gateway": "",
                    "GlobalIPv6Address": "",
                    "GlobalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
                    "MacAddress": "02:42:ac:11:00:05",
                    "DriverOpts": null
                }
            }
        }
    }
]
[root@localhost ~]# 

根据关键字找到它的状态和上级目录

根据 -f 指定模板的格式套入即可
ip地址同理
例如：

$ docker inspect --format='{{.NetworkSettings.IPAddress}}'  容器id
#列出所有绑定的端口:
$ docker inspect --format='{{range $p, $conf := .NetworkSettings.Ports}} {{$p}} -> 
{{(index $conf 0).HostPort}} {{end}}' $INSTANCE_ID

$ docker inspect --format='{{range $p, $conf := .NetworkSettings.Ports}} {{$p}} -> {{(index $conf 0).HostPort}} {{end}}' 
b220fabf815a
22/tcp -> 20020

#找出特殊的端口映射:
#比如找出容器里22端口所映射的docker本机的端口：
$ docker inspect --format='{{(index (index .NetworkSettings.Ports "22/tcp") 0).HostPort}}' $INSTANCE_ID
[root@localhost ~]# docker inspect --format='{{(index (index .NetworkSettings.Ports "22/tcp") 0).HostPort}}' b220fabf815a20020

当然使用最笨的方法：使用awk切也可以

[root@localhost ~]# docker inspect b2d |grep IPAddress 
            "SecondaryIPAddresses": null,
            "IPAddress": "172.17.0.5",
                    "IPAddress": "172.17.0.5",
[root@localhost ~]# docker inspect b2d |grep IPAddress | awk -F '"' 'NR==2{print $4}'
172.17.0.5
[root@localhost ~]#