问题情况
想实现一个用户登录的验证码验证,我参考了这篇博文
但是致命的问题出现了…
不能刷新!!!!!!
解决
- 博主给的方法是在验证码上触发
onclick
事件
<img src="checkCode" alt="" width="100" height="32" class="passcode" style="height:43px;cursor:pointer;" οnclick="this.src=this.src+'?'">
但问题是,它没用啊!!!!
思路是对的,在src属性后面加入参数,但是好像只有?,似乎不行??
- 我做出了如下更改
<img src="checkCode" alt="" width="100" height="32" class="passcode" style="height:43px;cursor:pointer;" οnclick="this.src=this.src+'?data'+Math.random()">
失败了,哈哈??
难道是路由的路径不对????我再来!!!
- 更改路径
<img src="/user/checkCode" alt="" width="100" height="32" class="passcode" style="height:43px;cursor:pointer;" οnclick="this.src=this.src+'?data'+Math.random()">
又错了,就这???
于是乎我想用AJAX,但一而再再而三的失败,我要崩溃啦!!!!!
在我要放弃时候,我想到了JS的onclick事件,把它写在外面,写具体。虽然还是不行,但至少思路在向正了走了。行,那我拿个a标签套一下,毕竟今天第一次知道a标签可以不写href哈哈哈哈哈(蒟蒻狂笑
<a id="newPic" onclick="getPic()"><img src="/user/checkCode" id="checkCode" title="看不清,点击换一张" alt="" width="100" height="32" class="center-block" style="height:43px;cursor:pointer;"/></a>
<script type="text/javascript">
function getPic(){
$("#checkCode").attr("src","/user/checkCode?flag="+Math.random());
};
</script>
哎呀妈呀!!成了啊!!!但是还有问题…为什么我点图片周围也能换???没错!!就是a标签做的妖!!!
大胆点,去掉a标签试试!!!
<img src="/user/checkCode" id="checkCode" title="看不清,点击换一张" alt="" width="100" height="32" class="center-block" style="height:43px;cursor:pointer;" onclick="getPic()"/>
<script type="text/javascript">
function getPic(){
$("#checkCode").attr("src","/user/checkCode?flag="+Math.random());
};
</script>
成了!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
舒服了!!!!!!
复盘时刻
原来的οnclick="this.src=this.src+'?'"
这种方式,在debug下会发现根本没办法请求成功,所以问题就在于怎么成功发出请求。
-
给出参数
?flag="+Math.random()
-
改变src属性
$("#checkCode").attr()
,相当于setAttribute【设置参数】 -
触发请求
onclick="getPic()"
OK!!!
验证码制作流程
- 在util中写一个工具类,通过awt画图画出来
package com.microsoft.util;
import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.util.Random;
/*
验证码
*/
public class RandomValidateCode {
public static final String RANDOMCODEKEY = "randomcode_key";//放到session中的key
private Random random = new Random();
private String randString = "0123456789ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ";//随机产生的字符串
private int width = 80;//图片宽
private int height = 26;//图片高
private int lineSize = 40;//干扰线数量
private int stringNum = 4;//随机产生字符数量
/**
* 生成随机图片
*/
public void getRandcode(HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response) {
HttpSession session = request.getSession();
//BufferedImage类是具有缓冲区的Image类,Image类是用于描述图像信息的类
BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(width,height,BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_BGR);
//产生Image对象的Graphics对象,改对象可以在图像上进行各种绘制操作
Graphics g = image.getGraphics();
g.fillRect(0, 0, width, height);
g.setFont(new Font("Times New Roman",Font.ROMAN_BASELINE,18));
g.setColor(getRandColor(160, 200));
//绘制干扰线
for(int i=0;i<=lineSize;i++){
drowLine(g);
}
//绘制随机字符
String randomString = "";
for(int i=1;i<=stringNum;i++){
randomString=drowString(g,randomString,i);
}
session.removeAttribute(RANDOMCODEKEY);
session.setAttribute(RANDOMCODEKEY, randomString);
g.dispose();
try {
//将内存中的图片通过流动形式输出到客户端
ImageIO.write(image, "JPEG", response.getOutputStream());
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
/*
* 获得字体
*/
private Font getFont(){
return new Font("Fixedsys",Font.CENTER_BASELINE,18);
}
/*
* 获得颜色
*/
private Color getRandColor(int fc,int bc){
if(fc > 255)
fc = 255;
if(bc > 255)
bc = 255;
int r = fc + random.nextInt(bc-fc-16);
int g = fc + random.nextInt(bc-fc-14);
int b = fc + random.nextInt(bc-fc-18);
return new Color(r,g,b);
}
/*
* 绘制字符串
*/
private String drowString(Graphics g,String randomString,int i){
g.setFont(getFont());
g.setColor(new Color(random.nextInt(101),random.nextInt(111),random.nextInt(121)));
String rand = String.valueOf(getRandomString(random.nextInt(randString.length())));
randomString +=rand;
g.translate(random.nextInt(3), random.nextInt(3));
g.drawString(rand, 13*i, 16);
return randomString;
}
/*
* 绘制干扰线
*/
private void drowLine(Graphics g){
int x = random.nextInt(width);
int y = random.nextInt(height);
int xl = random.nextInt(13);
int yl = random.nextInt(15);
g.drawLine(x, y, x+xl, y+yl);
}
/*
* 获取随机的字符
*/
public String getRandomString(int num) {
return String.valueOf(randString.charAt(num));
}
}
- 控制层里写上代码
/**
* 获取生成验证码显示到 UI 界面
* @param request
* @param response
* @throws ServletException
* @throws IOException
*/
@RequestMapping(value="/checkCode")
public void checkCode(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
//设置相应类型,告诉浏览器输出的内容为图片
response.setContentType("image/jpeg");
//设置响应头信息,告诉浏览器不要缓存此内容
response.setHeader("pragma", "no-cache");
response.setHeader("Cache-Control", "no-cache");
response.setDateHeader("Expire", 0);
RandomValidateCode randomValidateCode = new RandomValidateCode();
try {
randomValidateCode.getRandcode(request, response);//输出图片方法
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
- JSP页面请求
<img src="/user/checkCode" id="checkCode" title="看不清,点击换一张" alt="" width="100" height="32" class="center-block" style="height:43px;cursor:pointer;" onclick="getPic()"/>
<script type="text/javascript">
function getPic(){
$("#checkCode").attr("src","/user/checkCode?flag="+Math.random());
};
</script>
- 要求SSM环境
///狗头保护///
另外,我的代码写的不太规范,就比如验证码这个英文单词,我竟然写的是checkCode…应该用varification