Python发送Post请求及解析响应结果

一、Post请求

1、使用python发送一个Post请求

有时候遇到请求url中有很多参数。

1.1 示例1

accounts和pwd请到http://shop-xo.hctestedu.com/注册。

import requests

# 请求体
data = {
   
    "accounts": "xx",
    "pwd": "xxx",
    "type": "username"
}

# 只有php项目需要application和application_client_type
# 写法一, 在请求Url中带上所有参数，application和application_client_type，用&隔开
response = requests.post(url="http://shop-xo.hctestedu.com/index.php?"
                                "s=api/user/login"
                                "&application=app"
                                "&applicaiton_client_type=weixin", json=data)

# 输出响应结果
print(response.text)

执行结果：

{"msg":"登录成功","code":0,"data":{"id":"7073","username":"xx","nickname":"","mobile":"","email":"","avatar":"http:\/\/shop-xo.hctestedu.com\/static\/index\/default\/images\/default-user-avatar.jpg","alipay_openid":"","weixin_openid":"","weixin_unionid":"","weixin_web_openid":"","baidu_openid":"","toutiao_openid":"","qq_openid":"","qq_unionid":"","integral":"189","locking_integral":"0","referrer":"0","add_time":"1646195490","add_time_text":"2022-03-02 12:31:30","mobile_security":"","email_security":"","user_name_view":"xx","is_mandatory_bind_mobile":0,"token":"xxxxxx"}}

1.2 示例2

使用不定长参数 params，将url中需要的参数单独封装。

import requests

# 请求体
data = {
   
    "accounts": "xx",
    "pwd": "xxx",
    "type": "username"
}

# 使用不定长参数params
param_data = {
   
    "application": "app",
    "application_client_type": "weixin"
}
# 写法2：使用不定长参数params
response = requests.post(url="http://shop-xo.hctestedu.com/index.php?"
                             "s=api/user/login", params=param_data, json=data)

# 输出响应结果
print(response.text)

执行结果：

{"msg":"登录成功","code":0,"data":{"id":"22299","username":"xx","nickname":"","mobile":"","email":"","avatar":"http:\/\/shop-xo.hctestedu.com\/static\/index\/default\/images\/default-user-avatar.jpg","alipay_openid":"","weixin_openid":"","weixin_unionid":"","weixin_web_openid":"","baidu_openid":"","toutiao_openid":"","qq_openid":"","qq_unionid":"","integral":"0","locking_integral":"0","referrer":"0","add_time":"1678005098","add_time_text":"2023-03-05 16:31:38","mobile_security":"","email_security":"","user_name_view":"xx","is_mandatory_bind_mobile":0,"token":"xxxxx"}}

二、获取Response body

1、response.text

用type(）查看response.text的类型，是str

import requests

# 请求体
data = {
   
    "accounts": "xx",
    "pwd": "xxx",
    "type": "username"
}

# 使用不定长参数params
param_data = {
   
    "application": "app",
    "application_client_type": "weixin"
}
# 写法2：使用不定长参数params
response = requests.post(url="http://shop-xo.hctestedu.com/index.php?"
                             "s=api/user/login", params=param_data, json=data)

# 输出响应结果
print(response.text)
print(type(response.text))

执行结果：

{"msg":"登录成功","code":0,"data":{"id":"22299","username":"xx","nickname":"","mobile":"","email":"","avatar":"http:\/\/shop-xo.hctestedu.com\/static\/index\/default\/images\/default-user-avatar.jpg","alipay_openid":"","weixin_openid":"","weixin_unionid":"","weixin_web_openid":"","baidu_openid":"","toutiao_openid":"","qq_openid":"","qq_unionid":"","integral":"0","locking_integral":"0","referrer":"0","add_time":"1678005098","add_time_text":"2023-03-05 16:31:38","mobile_security":"","email_security":"","user_name_view":"xx","is_mandatory_bind_mobile":0,"token":"xxxxx"}}
<class 'str'>

2、response.json()

用type(）查看response.json()的类型，是dict

import requests

# 请求体
data = {
   
    "accounts": "xx",
    "pwd": "xxx",
    "type": "username"
}

# 使用不定长参数params
param_data = {
   
    "application": "app",
    "application_client_type": "weixin"
}
# 写法2：使用不定长参数params
response = requests.post(url="http://shop-xo.hctestedu.com/index.php?"
                             "s=api/user/login", params=param_data, json=data)

# 输出响应结果
print(response.json())
print(type(response.json()))

执行结果：

{"msg":"登录成功","code":0,"data":{"id":"22299","username":"xx","nickname":"",