引入百度AI在取数项目里识别验证码

引入百度AI识别验证码

要识别验证码，java开源的OCR识别引擎Tesseract对于简单的工整字体识别率较高，加点倾斜啥的稍微复杂就不行。
百度AI识别，一天免费500次调用，很赞。

案例添加到github上，有兴趣可以看看: crawler

根据官方文档操作

1.首先要获取下access_token，然后在控制台进入文字识别模块，添加一个应用，需要用到APIKEY和SECRETKEY

/**
    * 重要提示代码中所需工具类
    * FileUtil,Base64Util,HttpUtil,GsonUtils请从
    * https://ai.baidu.com/file/658A35ABAB2D404FBF903F64D47C1F72
    * https://ai.baidu.com/file/C8D81F3301E24D2892968F09AE1AD6E2
    * https://ai.baidu.com/file/544D677F5D4E4F17B4122FBD60DB82B3
    * https://ai.baidu.com/file/470B3ACCA3FE43788B5A963BF0B625F3
    * 下载
    */
    public static String webImage() {
        // 请求url
        String url = "https://aip.baidubce.com/rest/2.0/ocr/v1/webimage";
        try {
            // 本地文件路径
            String filePath = "[本地文件路径]";
            byte[] imgData = FileUtil.readFileByBytes(filePath);
            String imgStr = Base64Util.encode(imgData);
            String imgParam = URLEncoder.encode(imgStr, "UTF-8");

            String param = "image=" + imgParam;

            // 注意这里仅为了简化编码每一次请求都去获取access_token，线上环境access_token有过期时间， 客户端可自行缓存，过期后重新获取。
            String accessToken = "[调用鉴权接口获取的token]";

            String result = HttpUtil.post(url, accessToken, param);
            System.out.println(result);
            return result;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return null;
    }

2.官方的是识别本地的图片，添加到我的取数项目里，我想要的是直接识别登录页的验证码图片，那就需要读取到url转成byte[] imgData再交给百度去识别。

/**
     *    获取网络图片二进制数组
     *    默认转成jpg类型
     * @param client 客户端
     * @param url 图片链接
     * @return 二进制数组
     * @throws IOException
     */

    public static byte[] getPicByte(CloseableHttpClient client, String url) throws IOException {
        HttpGet get = new HttpGet(url);
        HttpEntity entity = null;
        byte[] imgData=null;
        try {
            HttpResponse response = client.execute(get);

            if (HttpStatus.SC_OK != response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode()) {
                return null;
            }
            entity = response.getEntity();
            ByteArrayOutputStream o = new ByteArrayOutputStream ();
            //默认转成jpg
            ImageIO.write(ImageIO.read(entity.getContent()), "jpg", o);
            imgData= o.toByteArray();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            get.abort();
        }

        return imgData;

    }
    /**
     * 获取验证码值,默认识别最多3次
     * @param client 客户端
     * @param picUrl 验证码图片链接
     * @param length 验证码识别长度
     * @return 验证码
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static String getVerifyCode(CloseableHttpClient client, String picUrl, int length) throws Exception {
        for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
            byte[] imgData = WebUtil.getPicByte(client, picUrl);
            String verifyCode = WebImage.webImage2(client, imgData);
            verifyCode = StringUtil.getValue(verifyCode, "words\": \"", "\"}", 1);
            if (verifyCode.length() == length) {
                return verifyCode;
            }
        }
        return "";
    }

    /**
     * 获取验证码值，默认4位的验证码
     */
    public static String getVerifyCode(CloseableHttpClient client, String picUrl) throws Exception {
        return getVerifyCode(client,picUrl,4);
    }

/**
	 * 传入图片二进制数组进行识别
	 * @param client 客户端
	 * @param imgData 图片二进制数组
	 * @return 识别结果
	 */	
 public static String webImage2(CloseableHttpClient client, byte[] imgData) {
	        // 请求url
	        String url = AUTH_URL;
	        try {
	            // 图片的Byte数组
	            String imgStr = Base64Util.encode(imgData);
	            String imgParam = URLEncoder.encode(imgStr, "UTF-8");
	            
	            String param = "image=" + imgParam;

	            // 注意这里仅为了简化编码每一次请求都去获取access_token，线上环境access_token有过期时间， 客户端可自行缓存，过期后重新获取。
	            String accessToken = AuthService.getAuth();

	            String result = HttpUtil.post(client,url, accessToken, param);
	            System.out.println(result);
	            return result;
	        } catch (Exception e) {
	            e.printStackTrace();
	        }
	        return null;
	    }

3.还要修改下官方的AuthService,自己用的话管理下access_token的有效期，我保存在本地的token.txt

public static String getAuth(String ak, String sk) {
		File file = new File ("token.txt");
		if (!(file.exists ())){
			try {
				file.createNewFile ();
			} catch (IOException e) {
				e.printStackTrace ();
			}
		}
		try(FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream("token.txt")) {
			InputStreamReader reader = new InputStreamReader(fis);
			BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(reader);
			String line = null;
			StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
			while ((line = br.readLine()) != null) {
				sb.append(line);
			}
			line = sb.toString();
			System.out.println(line);
			String[] arr = line.split("@@");
			if (arr.length > 1) {
				String token = arr[0];
				String exp = arr[1];
				Date now = new Date();
				long t = now.getTime();
				long n = t - Long.valueOf(exp);
				if (n < EXPIRE_TIME) {
					return token;
				}
			}
		} catch (Exception e1) {
			e1.printStackTrace();
		}

		// 获取token地址
		String authHost = AUTH_HOST;
		String getAccessTokenUrl = authHost
				// 1. grant_type为固定参数
				+ "grant_type=client_credentials"
				// 2. 官网获取的 API Key
				+ "&client_id=" + ak
				// 3. 官网获取的 Secret Key
				+ "&client_secret=" + sk;
		try {
			URL realUrl = new URL(getAccessTokenUrl);
			// 打开和URL之间的连接
			HttpURLConnection connection = (HttpURLConnection) realUrl.openConnection();
			connection.setRequestMethod("GET");
			connection.connect();
			// 获取所有响应头字段
			Map<String, List<String>> map = connection.getHeaderFields();
			// 遍历所有的响应头字段
			for (String key : map.keySet()) {
				System.err.println(key + "--->" + map.get(key));
			}
			// 定义 BufferedReader输入流来读取URL的响应
			BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(connection.getInputStream()));
			String result = "";
			String line;
			while ((line = in.readLine()) != null) {
				result += line;
			}
			/**
			 * 返回结果示例
			 */
			System.err.println("result:" + result);
			JSONObject jsonObject = JSONObject.fromObject(result);
			String access_token = jsonObject.getString("access_token");
			
			//将token写入文件保存并记录当前日期以便更新
			Date date = new Date();
			access_token = access_token + "@@" + String.valueOf(date.getTime());
			File f = new File("token.txt");
			FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(f);
			fos.write(access_token.getBytes());
			fos.flush();
			fos.close();
			return access_token;
		} catch (Exception e) {
			System.err.printf("获取token失败！");
			e.printStackTrace(System.err);
		}
		return null;
	}