【数据分析】统计图表

常见统计图的对比

• 折线图：展示数据的变化情况
• 散点图：两个属性上的数据的相关情况，展示离群点
• 直方图：统计连续的数据
• 条形图：统计离散的数据

条形图

#绘制横着的条形图
from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
from matplotlib import font_manager
my_font = font_manager.FontProperties(fname="/System/Library/Fonts/Hiragino Sans GB.ttc")


a = ["战狼2","速度与激情8","功夫瑜伽","西游伏妖篇","变形金刚5：最后的骑士","摔跤吧！爸爸","加勒比海盗5：死无对证","金刚：骷髅岛","极限特工：终极回归","生化危机6：终章","乘风破浪","神偷奶爸3","智取威虎山","大闹天竺","金刚狼3：殊死一战","蜘蛛侠：英雄归来","悟空传","银河护卫队2","情圣","新木乃伊",]

b=[56.01,26.94,17.53,16.49,15.45,12.96,11.8,11.61,11.28,11.12,10.49,10.3,8.75,7.55,7.32,6.99,6.88,6.86,6.58,6.23]


#设置图形大小
plt.figure(figsize=(20,8),dpi=80)
#绘制条形图
plt.barh(range(len(a)),b,height=0.3,color="orange")
#设置字符串到x轴
plt.yticks(range(len(a)),a,fontproperties=my_font)

plt.grid(alpha=0.3)
# plt.savefig("./movie.png")

plt.show()

from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
from matplotlib import font_manager
my_font = font_manager.FontProperties(fname="/System/Library/Fonts/Hiragino Sans GB.ttc")


a = ["猩球崛起3：终极之战","敦刻尔克","蜘蛛侠：英雄归来","战狼2"]
b_16 = [15746,312,4497,319]
b_15 = [12357,156,2045,168]
b_14 = [2358,399,2358,362]

bar_width = 0.2

x_14 = list(range(len(a)))
x_15 =  [i+bar_width for i in x_14]
x_16 = [i+bar_width*2 for i in x_14]

#设置图形大小
plt.figure(figsize=(20,8),dpi=80)

plt.bar(range(len(a)),b_14,width=bar_width,label="9月14日")
plt.bar(x_15,b_15,width=bar_width,label="9月15日")
plt.bar(x_16,b_16,width=bar_width,label="9月16日")

#设置图例
plt.legend(prop=my_font)

#设置x轴的刻度
plt.xticks(x_15,a,fontproperties=my_font)

plt.show()

直方图

from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
from matplotlib import font_manager

a=[131,  98, 125, 131, 124, 139, 131, 117, 128, 108, 135, 138, 131, 102, 107, 114, 119, 128, 121, 142, 127, 130, 124, 101, 110, 116, 117, 110, 128, 128, 115,  99, 136, 126, 134,  95, 138, 117, 111,78, 132, 124, 113, 150, 110, 117,  86,  95, 144, 105, 126, 130,126, 130, 126, 116, 123, 106, 112, 138, 123,  86, 101,  99, 136,123, 117, 119, 105, 137, 123, 128, 125, 104, 109, 134, 125, 127,105, 120, 107, 129, 116, 108, 132, 103, 136, 118, 102, 120, 114,105, 115, 132, 145, 119, 121, 112, 139, 125, 138, 109, 132, 134,156, 106, 117, 127, 144, 139, 139, 119, 140,  83, 110, 102,123,107, 143, 115, 136, 118, 139, 123, 112, 118, 125, 109, 119, 133,112, 114, 122, 109, 106, 123, 116, 131, 127, 115, 118, 112, 135,115, 146, 137, 116, 103, 144,  83, 123, 111, 110, 111, 100, 154,136, 100, 118, 119, 133, 134, 106, 129, 126, 110, 111, 109, 141,120, 117, 106, 149, 122, 122, 110, 118, 127, 121, 114, 125, 126,114, 140, 103, 130, 141, 117, 106, 114, 121, 114, 133, 137,  92,121, 112, 146,  97, 137, 105,  98, 117, 112,  81,  97, 139, 113,134, 106, 144, 110, 137, 137, 111, 104, 117, 100, 111, 101, 110,105, 129, 137, 112, 120, 113, 133, 112,  83,  94, 146, 133, 101,131, 116, 111,  84, 137, 115, 122, 106, 144, 109, 123, 116, 111,111, 133, 150]

#计算组数
d = 3  #组距
num_bins = (max(a)-min(a))//d
print(max(a),min(a),max(a)-min(a))
print(num_bins)


#设置图形的大小
plt.figure(figsize=(20,8),dpi=80)
plt.hist(a,num_bins,normed=True)

#设置x轴的刻度
plt.xticks(range(min(a),max(a)+d,d))

plt.grid()

plt.show()