class Solution {
public int[] twoSum(int[] nums, int target) {
//返回结果数组
int[] result = new int[2];
//异常检测
if (nums == null || nums.length <= 1) {
return null;
}
//暴力解法
for(int i = 0; i < nums.length; i++) {
for(int j = i + 1; j < nums.length; j++) {
if(nums[i] + nums[j] == target) {
result[0] = i;
result[1] = j;
return result;
}
}
}
return null;
}
}
class Solution {
public int[] twoSum(int[] nums, int target) {
Map<Integer, Integer> hashtable = new HashMap<Integer, Integer>();
for (int i = 0; i < nums.length; ++i) {
if (hashtable.containsKey(target - nums[i])) {
return new int[]{hashtable.get(target - nums[i]), i};
}
hashtable.put(nums[i], i);
}
return new int[0];
}
}
class Solution {
public int[] twoSum(int[] nums, int target) {
Map<Integer, Integer> hashtable = new HashMap<Integer, Integer>();
for (int i = 0; i < nums.length; ++i) {
if (hashtable.containsKey(target - nums[i])) {
return new int[]{hashtable.get(target - nums[i]), i};
}
hashtable.put(nums[i], i);
}
return new int[0];
}
}
class Solution {
public ListNode addTwoNumbers(ListNode l1, ListNode l2) {
ListNode head = null, tail = null;
int carry = 0;
while (l1 != null || l2 != null) {
int n1 = l1 != null ? l1.val : 0;
int n2 = l2 != null ? l2.val : 0;
int sum = n1 + n2 + carry;
if (head == null) {
head = tail = new ListNode(sum % 10);
} else {
tail.next = new ListNode(sum % 10);
tail = tail.next;
}
carry = sum / 10;
if (l1 != null) {
l1 = l1.next;
}
if (l2 != null) {
l2 = l2.next;
}
}
if (carry > 0) {
tail.next = new ListNode(carry);
}
return head;
}
}
class Solution {
public ListNode addTwoNumbers(ListNode l1, ListNode l2) {
ListNode dummyHead = new ListNode(0);
ListNode cur = dummyHead;
int carry = 0;
while (l1 != null || l2 != null) {
int x = l1 != null ? l1.val : 0;
int y = l2 != null ? l2.val : 0;
int sum = x + y + carry;
carry = sum / 10;
cur.next = new ListNode(sum % 10);
cur = cur.next;
if (l1 != null) l1 = l1.next;
if (l2 != null) l2 = l2.next;
}
if (carry > 0) {
cur.next = new ListNode(carry);
}
return dummyHead.next;
}
}
class Solution {
public int lengthOfLongestSubstring(String s) {
// 哈希集合，记录每个字符是否出现过
Set<Character> occ = new HashSet<Character>();
int n = s.length();
// 右指针，初始值为 -1，相当于我们在字符串的左边界的左侧，还没有开始移动
int rk = -1, ans = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
if (i != 0) {
// 左指针向右移动一格，移除一个字符
occ.remove(s.charAt(i - 1));
}
while (rk + 1 < n && !occ.contains(s.charAt(rk + 1))) {
// 不断地移动右指针
occ.add(s.charAt(rk + 1));
++rk;
}
// 第 i 到 rk 个字符是一个极长的无重复字符子串
ans = Math.max(ans, rk - i + 1);
}
return ans;
}
}
class Solution {
public double findMedianSortedArrays(int[] nums1, int[] nums2) {
//异常检测
if(nums1.length == 0 && nums2.length == 0) {
return -1;
}
//暴力解法
int[] nums = new int[nums1.length + nums2.length];
//合并两个正序数组
for(int i = 0; i < nums1.length + nums2.length; i++) {
if(i < nums1.length) {
nums[i] = nums1[i];
} else {
nums[i] = nums2[i - nums1.length];
}
}
//重新排序
Arrays.sort(nums);
//找两个正序数组的中位数
if((nums.length % 2) == 0) {
return (nums[nums.length / 2] + nums[nums.length / 2 - 1]) / 2.0;
} else {
return nums[nums.length / 2];
}
}
}时间复杂度 O(M+N)，不符合要求
class Solution {
public double findMedianSortedArrays(int[] nums1, int[] nums2) {
int length1 = nums1.length, length2 = nums2.length;
int totalLength = length1 + length2;
if (totalLength % 2 == 1) {
int midIndex = totalLength / 2;
double median = getKthElement(nums1, nums2, midIndex + 1);
return median;
} else {
int midIndex1 = totalLength / 2 - 1, midIndex2 = totalLength / 2;
double median = (getKthElement(nums1, nums2, midIndex1 + 1) +
getKthElement(nums1, nums2, midIndex2 + 1)) / 2.0;
return median;
}
}
public int getKthElement(int[] nums1, int[] nums2, int k) {
/* 主要思路：要找到第 k (k>1) 小的元素，那么就取 pivot1 = nums1[k/2-1] 和 pivot2 = nums2[k/2-1] 进行比较
* 这里的 "/" 表示整除
* nums1 中小于等于 pivot1 的元素有 nums1[0 .. k/2-2] 共计 k/2-1 个
* nums2 中小于等于 pivot2 的元素有 nums2[0 .. k/2-2] 共计 k/2-1 个
* 取 pivot = min(pivot1, pivot2)，两个数组中小于等于 pivot 的元素共计不会超过 (k/2-1) + (k/2-1) <= k-2 个
* 这样 pivot 本身最大也只能是第 k-1 小的元素
* 如果 pivot = pivot1，那么 nums1[0 .. k/2-1] 都不可能是第 k 小的元素。把这些元素全部 "删除"，剩下的作为新的 nums1 数组
* 如果 pivot = pivot2，那么 nums2[0 .. k/2-1] 都不可能是第 k 小的元素。把这些元素全部 "删除"，剩下的作为新的 nums2 数组
* 由于我们 "删除" 了一些元素（这些元素都比第 k 小的元素要小），因此需要修改 k 的值，减去删除的数的个数
*/
int length1 = nums1.length, length2 = nums2.length;
int index1 = 0, index2 = 0;
int kthElement = 0;
while (true) {
// 边界情况
if (index1 == length1) {
return nums2[index2 + k - 1];
}
if (index2 == length2) {
return nums1[index1 + k - 1];
}
if (k == 1) {
return Math.min(nums1[index1], nums2[index2]);
}
// 正常情况
int half = k / 2;
int newIndex1 = Math.min(index1 + half, length1) - 1;
int newIndex2 = Math.min(index2 + half, length2) - 1;
int pivot1 = nums1[newIndex1], pivot2 = nums2[newIndex2];
if (pivot1 <= pivot2) {
k -= (newIndex1 - index1 + 1);
index1 = newIndex1 + 1;
} else {
k -= (newIndex2 - index2 + 1);
index2 = newIndex2 + 1;
}
}
}
}
class Solution {
public double findMedianSortedArrays(int[] nums1, int[] nums2) {
if (nums1.length > nums2.length) {
return findMedianSortedArrays(nums2, nums1);
}
int m = nums1.length;
int n = nums2.length;
int left = 0, right = m;
// median1：前一部分的最大值
// median2：后一部分的最小值
int median1 = 0, median2 = 0;
while (left <= right) {
// 前一部分包含 nums1[0 .. i-1] 和 nums2[0 .. j-1]
// 后一部分包含 nums1[i .. m-1] 和 nums2[j .. n-1]
int i = (left + right) / 2;
int j = (m + n + 1) / 2 - i;
// nums_im1, nums_i, nums_jm1, nums_j 分别表示 nums1[i-1], nums1[i], nums2[j-1], nums2[j]
int nums_im1 = (i == 0 ? Integer.MIN_VALUE : nums1[i - 1]);
int nums_i = (i == m ? Integer.MAX_VALUE : nums1[i]);
int nums_jm1 = (j == 0 ? Integer.MIN_VALUE : nums2[j - 1]);
int nums_j = (j == n ? Integer.MAX_VALUE : nums2[j]);
if (nums_im1 <= nums_j) {
median1 = Math.max(nums_im1, nums_jm1);
median2 = Math.min(nums_i, nums_j);
left = i + 1;
} else {
right = i - 1;
}
}
return (m + n) % 2 == 0 ? (median1 + median2) / 2.0 : median1;
}
}
public class Solution {
public String longestPalindrome(String s) {
int len = s.length();
if (len < 2) {
return s;
}
int maxLen = 1;
int begin = 0;
// dp[i][j] 表示 s[i..j] 是否是回文串
boolean[][] dp = new boolean[len][len];
// 初始化：所有长度为 1 的子串都是回文串
for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
dp[i][i] = true;
}
char[] charArray = s.toCharArray();
// 递推开始
// 先枚举子串长度
for (int L = 2; L <= len; L++) {
// 枚举左边界，左边界的上限设置可以宽松一些
for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
// 由 L 和 i 可以确定右边界，即 j - i + 1 = L 得
int j = L + i - 1;
// 如果右边界越界，就可以退出当前循环
if (j >= len) {
break;
}
if (charArray[i] != charArray[j]) {
dp[i][j] = false;
} else {
if (j - i < 3) {
dp[i][j] = true;
} else {
dp[i][j] = dp[i + 1][j - 1];
}
}
// 只要 dp[i][L] == true 成立，就表示子串 s[i..L] 是回文，
//此时记录回文长度和起始位置
if (dp[i][j] && j - i + 1 > maxLen) {
maxLen = j - i + 1;
begin = i;
}
}
}
return s.substring(begin, begin + maxLen);
}
}
class Solution {
public String longestPalindrome(String s) {
if (s == null || s.length() < 1) {
return "";
}
int start = 0, end = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < s.length(); i++) {
int len1 = expandAroundCenter(s, i, i);
int len2 = expandAroundCenter(s, i, i + 1);
int len = Math.max(len1, len2);
if (len > end - start) {
start = i - (len - 1) / 2;
end = i + len / 2;
}
}
return s.substring(start, end + 1);
}
public int expandAroundCenter(String s, int left, int right) {
while (left >= 0 && right < s.length() &&
s.charAt(left) == s.charAt(right)) {
--left;
++right;
}
return right - left - 1;
}
}
class Solution {
public String convert(String s, int numRows) {
int n = s.length(), r = numRows;
if (r == 1 || r >= n) {
return s;
}
int t = r * 2 - 2;
int c = (n + t - 1) / t * (r - 1);
char[][] mat = new char[r][c];
for (int i = 0, x = 0, y = 0; i < n; ++i) {
mat[x][y] = s.charAt(i);
if (i % t < r - 1) {
++x; // 向下移动
} else {
--x;
++y; // 向右上移动
}
}
StringBuffer ans = new StringBuffer();
for (char[] row : mat) {
for (char ch : row) {
if (ch != 0) {
ans.append(ch);
}
}
}
return ans.toString();
}
}
class Solution {
public String convert(String s, int numRows) {
int n = s.length(), r = numRows;
if (r == 1 || r >= n) {
return s;
}
StringBuffer[] mat = new StringBuffer[r];
for (int i = 0; i < r; ++i) {
mat[i] = new StringBuffer();
}
for (int i = 0, x = 0, t = r * 2 - 2; i < n; ++i) {
mat[x].append(s.charAt(i));
if (i % t < r - 1) {
++x;
} else {
--x;
}
}
StringBuffer ans = new StringBuffer();
for (StringBuffer row : mat) {
ans.append(row);
}
return ans.toString();
}
}
int n = s.length(), r = numRows;
if (r == 1 || r >= n) {
return s;
}
int t = r * 2 - 2;
StringBuffer ans = new StringBuffer();
for (int i = 0; i < r; i++) { // 枚举行
for (int j = 0; j < n - i; j += t) { // 枚举每个周期的起始索引
ans.append(s.charAt(i + j)); // 当前周期的第一个字符
if (i > 0 && i < r - 1 && j + t - i < n)
ans.append(s.charAt(j + t - i)); // 枚举当前周期的第二个字符
}
}
return ans.toString();
class Solution {
public boolean isMatch(String s, String p) {
//异常检测
if(s == null || s.length() == 0 || p == null || p.length() == 0) {
return false;
}
//遍历p，和s进行匹配
int i = 0;
String cp = Character.toString(p.charAt(i));
String cs = Character.toString(s.charAt(i));
while(i < p.length() && i < s.length()) {
cp = Character.toString(p.charAt(i));
cs = Character.toString(s.charAt(i));
if(cp.equals(".")) {
i++;
continue;
}
if(cp.equals("*")) {
return true;
} else {
if(!cp.equals(cs)) {
return false;
} else {
i ++;
}
}
}
if(p.length() < s.length()) {
return false;
}
return true;
}
}最开始的解答，考虑情况不全
class Solution {
public boolean isMatch(String s, String p) {
int m = s.length();
int n = p.length();
boolean[][] f = new boolean[m + 1][n + 1];
f[0][0] = true;
for (int i = 0; i <= m; ++i) {
for (int j = 1; j <= n; ++j) {
if (p.charAt(j - 1) == '*') {
f[i][j] = f[i][j - 2];
if (matches(s, p, i, j - 1)) {
f[i][j] = f[i][j] || f[i - 1][j];
}
} else {
if (matches(s, p, i, j)) {
f[i][j] = f[i - 1][j - 1];
}
}
}
}
return f[m][n];
}
public boolean matches(String s, String p, int i, int j) {
if (i == 0) {
return false;
}
if (p.charAt(j - 1) == '.') {
return true;
}
return s.charAt(i - 1) == p.charAt(j - 1);
}
}
class Solution {
public int maxArea(int[] height) {
//异常检测
if(height == null || height.length == 0) {
return -1;
}
int max = Integer.MIN_VALUE;
//暴力解法
//遍历数组下标
for(int i = 0; i < height.length; i++) {
for(int j = i + 1; j < height.length; j++) {
//比较哪个索引对应的高度高
if(height[i] > height[j]) {
if(height[j] * (j - i) > max) {
max = height[j] * (j - i);
}
} else {
if(height[i] * (j - i) > max) {
max = height[i] * (j - i);
}
}
}
}
return max;
}
}
暴力解法超出时间限制
public class Solution {
public int maxArea(int[] height) {
int l = 0, r = height.length - 1;
int ans = 0;
while (l < r) {
int area = Math.min(height[l], height[r]) * (r - l);
ans = Math.max(ans, area);
if (height[l] <= height[r]) {
++l;
}
else {
--r;
}
}
return ans;
}
}
/暴力解法，未去除重复三元组
class Solution {
public List<List<Integer>> threeSum(int[] nums) {
//结果数组
List<List<Integer>> result = new ArrayList(nums.length);
//异常检测
if(nums == null || nums.length == 0) {
return result;
}
int count = 0;
//答案中不可以包含重复的三元组
//三数之和为0
//暴力解法
for(int i = 0; i < nums.length; i++) {
for(int j = i + 1; j < nums.length; j++) {
for(int k = j + 1; k < nums.length; k++) {
if(nums[i] + nums[j] + nums[k] == 0) {
List<Integer> temp = new ArrayList();
temp.add(nums[i]);
temp.add(nums[j]);
temp.add(nums[k]);
result.add(temp);
count++;
}
}
}
}
//答案中不可以包含重复的三元组
return result;
}
}
class Solution {
public List<List<Integer>> threeSum(int[] nums) {
int n = nums.length;
Arrays.sort(nums);
List<List<Integer>> ans = new ArrayList<List<Integer>>();
// 枚举 a
for (int first = 0; first < n; ++first) {
// 需要和上一次枚举的数不相同
if (first > 0 && nums[first] == nums[first - 1]) {
continue;
}
// c 对应的指针初始指向数组的最右端
int third = n - 1;
int target = -nums[first];
// 枚举 b
for (int second = first + 1; second < n; ++second) {
// 需要和上一次枚举的数不相同
if (second > first + 1 && nums[second] == nums[second - 1]) {
continue;
}
// 需要保证 b 的指针在 c 的指针的左侧
while (second < third && nums[second] + nums[third] > target) {
--third;
}
// 如果指针重合，随着 b 后续的增加
// 就不会有满足 a+b+c=0 并且 b<c 的 c 了，可以退出循环
if (second == third) {
break;
}
if (nums[second] + nums[third] == target) {
List<Integer> list = new ArrayList<Integer>();
list.add(nums[first]);
list.add(nums[second]);
list.add(nums[third]);
ans.add(list);
}
}
}
return ans;
}
}
class Solution {
public List<String> letterCombinations(String digits) {
List<String> combinations = new ArrayList<String>();
if (digits.length() == 0) {
return combinations;
}
Map<Character, String> phoneMap = new HashMap<Character, String>() {{
put('2', "abc");
put('3', "def");
put('4', "ghi");
put('5', "jkl");
put('6', "mno");
put('7', "pqrs");
put('8', "tuv");
put('9', "wxyz");
}};
backtrack(combinations, phoneMap, digits, 0, new StringBuffer());
return combinations;
}
public void backtrack(List<String> combinations, Map<Character, String> phoneMap, String digits, int index, StringBuffer combination) {
if (index == digits.length()) {
combinations.add(combination.toString());
} else {
char digit = digits.charAt(index);
String letters = phoneMap.get(digit);
int lettersCount = letters.length();
for (int i = 0; i < lettersCount; i++) {
combination.append(letters.charAt(i));
backtrack(combinations, phoneMap, digits, index + 1, combination);
combination.deleteCharAt(index);
}
}
}
} 注意回溯需要清理标记，你不delete的话 就会出现 "ad" "ade" "adef" 这样的解， 回溯的思想主要就是尝试过一种可能性以后，擦去，返回上一层，尝试下一种可能性，所以才能得到所有可能解。如果你不擦去，那么就会在可能解之上叠加其他解，这和我们想要的结果是不相符的
最开始写的，大概能过80%的用例，链表长度为1时报错
/**
* Definition for singly-linked list.
* public class ListNode {
* int val;
* ListNode next;
* ListNode() {}
* ListNode(int val) { this.val = val; }
* ListNode(int val, ListNode next) { this.val = val; this.next = next; }
* }
*/
class Solution {
public ListNode removeNthFromEnd(ListNode head, int n) {
ListNode resultHead = head;
//异常检测
if(head == null || n == 0) {
return resultHead;
}
//计算链表长度
int count = 0;
while(head != null) {
count++;
head = head.next;
}
//倒数替换成正数
int index = count - n;
count = 0;
head = resultHead;
while(head != null) {
if(count == index - 1) {
if(head.next.next != null) {
head.next = head.next.next;
} else {
if(head.next == null) {
resultHead = null;
}else {
head.next= null;
}
}
return resultHead;
} else{
head = head.next;
count++;
}
}
return resultHead;
}
}
最开始写的代码的问题可以通过添加哑节点解决
class Solution {
public ListNode removeNthFromEnd(ListNode head, int n) {
ListNode dummy = new ListNode(0, head);
int length = getLength(head);
ListNode cur = dummy;
for (int i = 1; i < length - n + 1; ++i) {
cur = cur.next;
}
cur.next = cur.next.next;
ListNode ans = dummy.next;
return ans;
}
public int getLength(ListNode head) {
int length = 0;
while (head != null) {
++length;
head = head.next;
}
return length;
}
}
class Solution {
public ListNode removeNthFromEnd(ListNode head, int n) {
ListNode dummy = new ListNode(0, head);
Deque<ListNode> stack = new LinkedList<ListNode>();
ListNode cur = dummy;
while (cur != null) {
stack.push(cur);
cur = cur.next;
}
for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
stack.pop();
}
ListNode prev = stack.peek();
prev.next = prev.next.next;
ListNode ans = dummy.next;
return ans;
}
}
class Solution {
public ListNode removeNthFromEnd(ListNode head, int n) {
ListNode dummy = new ListNode(0, head);
ListNode first = head;
ListNode second = dummy;
for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
first = first.next;
}
while (first != null) {
first = first.next;
second = second.next;
}
second.next = second.next.next;
ListNode ans = dummy.next;
return ans;
}
}
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