viewsets.ModelViewSet

看看ModelViewSet其实就是空类，视图中继承了ModelViewSet，get，post，put等请求就直接继承了，不需要视图中重新写了

class ModelViewSet(mixins.CreateModelMixin,
                   mixins.RetrieveModelMixin,
                   mixins.UpdateModelMixin,
                   mixins.DestroyModelMixin,
                   mixins.ListModelMixin,
                   GenericViewSet):
    """
    A viewset that provides default `create()`, `retrieve()`, `update()`,
    `partial_update()`, `destroy()` and `list()` actions.
    """
    pass

先来看看view的代码

# @Time    : 2020/10/12 9:01
# @Author  : LW
# @Site    : 
# @File    : views_modelviewset.py
from rest_framework.response import Response
from rest_framework import viewsets
from rest_framework.decorators import action
from projects.models import Projects
from projects.serializer_m import ProjectModelSerializer, ProjectsNameSerializer, InterfacesNameByProjectsSerializer

class ProjectsViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet):

    queryset = Projects.objects.all()
    serializer_class = ProjectModelSerializer
    ordering_fields = ['name','leader']
    filterset_fields = ['id','name','leader']

    # 1. 可以使用action装饰器来声明自定义的动作
    # 默认情况下, 实例方法名就是动作名
    # methods参数用于指定该动作支持的请求方法, 默认为get
    # detail参数用于指定该动作要处理的是否为详情资源对象(url是否需要传递pk键值)
    @action(methods=['get'], detail=False)
    def names(self, request, *args, **kwargs):#获取项目的名字
        #queryset = self.get_queryset()
        # serializer = ProjectsNameSerializer(instance=queryset, many=True)
        # return Response(serializer.data)
        # queryset = self.filter_queryset(self.get_queryset())
        #
        # page = self.paginate_queryset(queryset)
        # if page is not None:
        #     serializer = ProjectsNameSerializer(page, many=True)
        #     return self.get_paginated_response(serializer.data)
        #
        # serializer = ProjectsNameSerializer(queryset, many=True)
        # return Response(serializer.data)
        reponse = super().list(request, *args, **kwargs)
        return reponse

    @action(detail=True)
    #需要传id就把detail 设置为True
    def interfaces(self, request, *args, **kwargs):#获取项目1下面有哪些接口
        instance = self.get_object()
        serializer = InterfacesNameByProjectsSerializer(instance=instance)
        return Response(serializer.data)

    def get_serializer_class(self):
        #根据action动作更换序列化器
        return  ProjectsNameSerializer if self.action == 'names' else self.serializer_class

看看url
从url中可以看到，视图中继承了ModelViewSet，请求方法不再支持get post put等方法，而是只支持action动作，所有我们要把前端的请求方法，get ,post等做一一映射，映射成ModelViewSet里面的list，create，等方法

from django.urls import path
from projects import views, views_m,views_mixins,views_modelviewset
urlpatterns = [
    path('projects/', views_modelviewset.ProjectsViewSet.as_view({
        'get': 'list',
        'post': 'create',
    }), name='proejcts-list'),
    path('projects/<int:pk>/', views_modelviewset.ProjectsViewSet.as_view({
        'get': 'retrieve',
        'put': 'update',
        'delete': 'destroy'
    })),

    path('projects/names/', views_modelviewset.ProjectsViewSet.as_view({
        'get': 'names',
    }), name='proejcts-names'),

    path('projects/<int:pk>/interfaces/', views_modelviewset.ProjectsViewSet.as_view({
        'get': 'interfaces',
    })),
]

序列化器serializer：

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# @Time    : 2020/9/22 19:36
# @Author  : LW
# @Site    : 
# @File    : serializer_m.py
from rest_framework import serializers
from rest_framework.validators import UniqueValidator

from interfaces.models import Interfaces
from projects.models import Projects

def is_unique_project_name(name):
    if '项目' not in name:
        raise serializers.ValidationError('项目名称中必须包含"项目"')

class ProjectModelSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    #要想自定义 就重新自己写一个，把自动生成的覆盖掉
    name = serializers.CharField(label='项目名称', max_length=200,
                                 help_text='项目名称', write_only=True,
                                 validators=[UniqueValidator(queryset=Projects.objects.all(), message='项目名已存在'),
                                             is_unique_project_name],
                                 error_messages="")
    class Meta:
        model = Projects
        # all 把所有的字段拿來做自動创建序列化器
        #fields = "__all__"
        #自定义指定字段来创建序列化器
        #python manage.py shell -i ipython
        fields = ('id','name','leader','tester','programer','publish_app',"desc")
        #反选
        #exclude = ()
        #指定不校验的字段(只进行输出，不输入校验)
        #read_only_fields = ("leader")
        # 7. 使用extra_kwargs参数, 可以修改未显式声明的字段的属性
        # key为校验的选项名, value为自定义错误提示字符串

        #也可以在这里重新制定序列化器的字段校验，和最上面重新制定name字段校验的是一样的
        extra_kwargs = {
            'leader': {
                # 'write_only': True,
                'error_messages': {'max_length': '最大长度不超过50个字节'}
            },
            # 可以为序列化器字段, 添加或者修改属性
            'name': {
                #'write_only': True,#只校验前端输入，不返回
                'validators': [UniqueValidator(queryset=Projects.objects.all(), message='项目名不能重复'),
                                             is_unique_project_name],
                'label': '项目名称'
            }
        }
    def create(self, validated_data):
        # project = Projects.objects.create(**validated_data)
        return Projects.objects.create(**validated_data)

    def update(self, instance, validated_data):#上面序列化器fields校验啥 我们这边就创建啥
        instance.name = validated_data['name']
        instance.leader = validated_data['leader']
        instance.tester = validated_data['tester']
        instance.programer = validated_data['programer']
        instance.publish_app = validated_data['publish_app']
        instance.desc = validated_data['desc']
        instance.save()
        return instance

class Projects_Interfaces_Serializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):

    # 父表中默认不会生成关联字段(从表字段), 可以手动指定, 字段名默认为 子表模型类名小写_set
    interfaces_set = serializers.StringRelatedField(many=True)

    class Meta:
        model = Projects
        fields = '__all__'

class ProjectsNameSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):

    class Meta:
        model = Projects
        fields = ('id','name')

class InterfacesNameSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):

    class Meta:
        model = Interfaces
        fields = ('id','name','tester')

class InterfacesNameByProjectsSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    #查找项目下有多少个接口
    interfaces_set = InterfacesNameSerializer(read_only=True,many=True)

    class Meta:
        model = Projects
        fields = ('id','interfaces_set')