MySQL原理及优化学习总结
数据库概念高级部分
1、编码mysql
1.1、查看mysql编码
mysql> show variables like 'character%';
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| character_set_client | utf8 |
| character_set_connection | utf8 |
| character_set_database | latin1 |
| character_set_filesystem | binary |
| character_set_results | utf8 |
| character_set_server | latin1 |
| character_set_system | utf8 |
| character_sets_dir | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
1.2、设置mysql编码
# vi /etc/my.cnf
如下(少补):
[mysqld]
character-set-server=utf8
collation-server=utf8_general_ci
sql_mode='NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION'
[mysql]
default-character-set = utf8
[mysql.server]
default-character-set = utf8
[mysqld_safe]
default-character-set = utf8
[client]
default-character-set = utf8
重启mysql
# service mysqld restart
再次查看编码:
# mysql -uroot -p
mysql> show variables like 'character%';
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| character_set_client | utf8 |
| character_set_connection | utf8 |
| character_set_database | utf8 |
| character_set_filesystem | binary |
| character_set_results | utf8 |
| character_set_server | utf8 |
| character_set_system | utf8 |
| character_sets_dir | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
8 rows in set (0.00 sec)
2、mysql的目录及配置文件
A、/etc/my.cnf 这是mysql的主配置文件
B、/var/lib/mysql mysql数据库的数据库文件存放位置
[root@mysql etc]# cd /var/lib/mysql/
[root@mysql mysql]# ll
total 176172
-rw-rw----. 1 mysql mysql 56 Oct 20 00:10 auto.cnf
-rw-rw----. 1 mysql mysql 79691776 Oct 21 04:46 ibdata1
-rw-rw----. 1 mysql mysql 50331648 Oct 21 04:46 ib_logfile0
-rw-rw----. 1 mysql mysql 50331648 Oct 20 00:09 ib_logfile1
drwx------. 2 mysql mysql 4096 Oct 21 01:38 itcast
drwx------. 2 mysql mysql 4096 Oct 21 04:45 menagerie
drwx--x--x. 2 mysql mysql 4096 Oct 20 00:09 mysql
-rw-r-----. 1 mysql root 2219 Oct 20 00:14 mysql.err
-rw-rw----. 1 mysql mysql 5 Oct 20 00:10 mysql.pid
srwxrwxrwx. 1 mysql mysql 0 Oct 20 00:10 mysql.sock
drwx------. 2 mysql mysql 4096 Oct 20 00:09 performance_schema
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 111 Oct 20 00:09 RPM_UPGRADE_HISTORY