实验十一:读/写磁盘指定位置信息(只需完成读取)
一、实验目的
(1)了解磁盘的物理知识。
(2)掌握Windows系统提供的有关对磁盘操作API。
(3)根据输入的扇区号读/写指定扇区。
二、实验准备知识:相关API函数介绍
1.设置读/写操作的位置
函数SetFilePointer()用于移动一个打开文件中的读/写指针,这里磁盘设备被当作文件处理,因此用于移动文件读/写指针在磁盘上的位置。
原型:
DWORD SetFilePointer(
HANDLE hFile,
LONG lpdistanceToMove,
PLONG lpDistanceToMoveHigh,
DWORD dwMoveMethod
);
参数说明:
hFile:打开的文件句柄,创建的文件必须具有GENERIC_READ或GENERIC_WRITE的存取权限。
lpDistanceToMove:指针要移动的偏移量的低32位,用于指定移动文件指针的字节大小。如果参数lpDistanceToMoveHigh不为空,lpDistanceToMoveHigh和lpDistanceToMove两个参数形成一个64位的值来指定移动的位置。如果参数lpDistanceToMoveHigh为空,lpDistanceToMove是一个32位带符号值,当lpDistanceToMove为正值时,文件指针向前移动,否则向后移动。
lpDistanceToMoveHigh:指针要移动的偏移量的高32位。如果不需要该参数,可以将其设置为空。当该参数不为空时,该参数为文件指针的高32位的DWORD类型值。
dwMoveMethod:文件指针移动的初始位置,其值如表5—2所示。
dwMoveMethod的值
值 | 描述 |
---|---|
FILE_BEGIN | 开始点为0或者为文件的开始位置 |
FILE_CURRENT | 开始点为文件指针的当前位置 |
FILE_END | 开始点为文件的结尾位置 |
返回值:
如果函数调用成功,而且参数lpDistanceToMoveHigh为空,返回值为文件指针的低32位DWORD类型值。如果参数lpdistanceToMoveHigh不为空,返回值为文件指针的低32位DWORD类型值,并且高32位DWORD类型值输出到一个long类型的参数中。
如果函数调用失败,而且参数lpdistanceToMoveHigh不为空,返回值为0XFFFFFFFF,若要得到错误信息,请调用函数GetLastError()。如果函数调用失败,而且参数lpdistanceToMoveHigh不为空,返回值为0XFFFFFFFF,但由于0XFFFFFFFF不是一个有效的低32位DWORD类型值,必须通过调用函数GetLastError()才能判断是否有错误发生。若发生错误,则函数GetLastError()返回错误值,NO_ERROR否则返回。
如果新的文件指针位置是一个负值,则表明函数调用失败,文件指针将不移动,通过调用函数GetLastError()返回的值是ERROR_NEGATIVE_SEEK。
2.读文件
读取磁盘指定区域的内容。
原型:
BOOL ReadFile(
HANDLE hFile, //要读的文件的句柄
LPVOID lpBuffer, //指向文件缓冲区的指针
DWORD nNumberOfBytesToRead, //从文件中要读取的字节数
LPDWORD lpNumberOfBytesRead, //指向从文件中要读取的字节数的指针
LPOVERLAPPED lpOverlapped //指向OVERLAPPED结构的指针
);
3.写文件
该函数将数据写入磁盘指定区域。
原型:
BOOL ReadFile(
HANDLE hFile, //要读的文件的句柄
LPVOID lpBuffer, //指向文件缓冲区的指针
DWORD nNumberOfBytesToWrite, //从文件中要读取的字节数
LPDWORD lpNumberOfBytesWritten, //指向从文件中要读取的字节数的指针
LPOVERLAPPED lpOverlapped //指向OVERLAPPED结构的指针
);
三、实验内容
(一) 实验内容
编写两个函数,分别完成如下功能。
1.对给定的扇区号读取该扇区的内容。
2.将用户输入的数据写入指定的扇区。
在主程序中让用户选择:R、W或Q,若用户选择R,则调用函数BOOL SectorRead(HANDLE Handle),完成读给定扇区的功能;若用户选择W则调用函数BOOL SectorWrite(HANDLE Handle)完成对给定扇区号写入信息的功能;若用户选择Q,则程序退出。
(二) 主要代码
//Disk_Inforamtion_Read and Write.cpp:Defines the entry ponit for the console application.
//
#include “stdafx.h”
#include “Disk_Inforamtion_Get.h”
#include “winioctl.h”
#ifdef_DEBUG
#define new DEBUG_NEW
#undef THIS_FILE
#undef THIS_FILE
static char THIS_FILE[]=__FILE__;
#endif
DISK_GEOMETRY disk_info;
HANDLE GetDiskInformation(char drivername);
BOOL SectorRead (HANDLE Handle);
BOOL SectorWrite(HANDle Handle);
//The one and only application object
CwinApp theApp;
using namespace std;
int _tmain(int argc,TCHAR *argv[],TCHAR *envp[])
{
int nRetCode=0;
HANDLE Handle;
char Choise;
Handle=GetDiskInformation('A');
While(TRUE)
{
printf("please Select Read or Write! Input ‘R’ to read ,’W’ to write,’Q’ to quit!\n");
Choice=getchar();
printf("\n");
switch(Choice)
{
case 'W'
{
if (!SectorWrite(Handle))
printf("Write Sector Fail!\n");
Getchar();
Break;
}
case 'R'
{
if(!SectorRead(Hadle))
printf("Read Sector Fail!\n");
getchar();
break;
}
case 'Q'
{
exit(0);
break;
}
default:
{
printf("Input Error!,Try again please!\n");
getchar();
}
}
return nRetCode;
}
HANNDLE GetDiskInformation(char drivername)
{
char device[]="\\\\.\\:";
device[4]=drivername;
HANDLE FloopyDisk;
DWORD ReturnSize;
DWIRD Sector;
double DiskSize;
FloopyDisk=CreateFile(device,GENERIC_READ|GENERIC_WRITE,FILE_SHARE_READ|FILE_SHARE_WRITE,NULL,OPEN_EXISTING,FILE_FLAG_RANDOM_ACCESS|FILE_FLAG_NO_BUFFERING,NULL);
if(FloopyDisk==INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
printf("INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE!");
if(GetLastError()==ERROR_ALREADY_ETISTS)
printf("Cannot Open Disk! %d\n",GetLastError());
if(!DeviceIoControl(FloopyDisk,IOCTL_DISK_GET_DRIVE_CEOMETRY,NULL,0,&disk_info,50,&ReturnSize,(LPOVERLAPPED)NULL))
printf("Open Disk Error! %d\n",GetLastError());
printf("Disk Information: \n");
printf("\t BytesPerSector: %d\n",disk_info.BytesPerSector);
printf("\t SectorPerTrack: %d\n",disk_info.SectorPerTrack);
printf("\t TracksPerCylinder: %d\n",disk_info.TracksPerCylinder);
printf("\t Cylinder: %d\n",disk_info.Cylinders);
Sector=disk_ionfo.Cylinders.QuadPart *disk_info.TrackPerCylinder *disk_info.SectorPerTrack;
printf("\t There is %d Sectors! \n",Sector);
DiskSize=Sector *disk_info.BytesPerSector;
printf("\t Size of Disk: %4.2f KB\n",(DiskSize)/(1024*1024));
return FloopyDisk;
}
BOOL SectorRead(HANDLE Handle)
{
char ReadBuffer[1024*16];
DWORD SectorNumber;
DWORD BytestoRead;
DWORD Sector;
DWORD rc;
int i;
if (Handle==NULL)
{
printf ("there is No disk!\n");
return FALSE;
}
printf ("Please Input the Sector Number to Read From:\n");
Scanf("%d",&SectorNumber);
printf ("\n");
Sector =disk_info.Cylinder.QuadPart* Disk_info.TacksCylinder* Disk-info.SectorPerTrack;
if(SectorNumber>Sector)
printf("there is not this Sector!");
printf ("Content:\n");
BytestoRead=SectorNumber*(disk_info.BytesPerSector);
rc=SetFilePointer(Handle,BytestoRead,NULL,FILE_BEGIN);
if (!ReadFile(Handle,ReadBuffer,BytestoRead,&BytestoRead,NULL))
{
printf("Read File Error:%d\n",GetLastError());
return FALSE;
}
printf(“\t Text Content:\n”);
for (i=0;i<512;i++)
{
printf("%c",ReadBuffer[i]);
}
printf("\n");
printf("\t Hex Text Content: \n");
for (i=0;i<512;i++)
{
printf("%x",ReadBuffer[i]);
printf(" ");
}
printf("\n");
return TRUE;
}
// 11.cpp : Defines the entry point for the console application.
//
#include "stdafx.h"
#include "11.h"
#include "winioctl.h"
#ifdef _DEBUG
#define new DEBUG_NEW
#undef THIS_FILE
static char THIS_FILE[] = __FILE__;
#endif
DISK_GEOMETRY disk_info;
HANDLE GetDiskInformation(char drivername);
BOOL SectorRead(HANDLE Handle);
BOOL SectorWrite(HANDLE Handle);
/
// The one and only application object
CWinApp theApp;
using namespace std;
int _tmain(int argc, TCHAR* argv[], TCHAR* envp[])
{
int nRetCode=0;
HANDLE Handle;
char Choice;
Handle=GetDiskInformation('C');
while(TRUE)
{
printf("please select Read or Write!Input 'R' to read,'Q' to quit!\n");
Choice=getchar();
printf("\n");
switch(Choice)
{
case 'R':
{
if(!SectorRead(Handle))
printf("Read Sector Fail!\n");
getchar();
break;
}
case 'Q':
{
exit(0);
break;
}
default:
{
printf("Input Error!Try again please!\n");
getchar();
}
}
}
return nRetCode;
}
HANDLE GetDiskInformation(char drivername)
{
char device[]="\\\\.\\C:";
device[4]= drivername;
HANDLE FloopyDisk;
DWORD ReturnSize;
DWORD Sector;
double DiskSize;
FloopyDisk=CreateFile(device,
GENERIC_READ|GENERIC_WRITE,
FILE_SHARE_READ|FILE_SHARE_WRITE,
NULL,
OPEN_EXISTING,
FILE_FLAG_RANDOM_ACCESS|FILE_FLAG_NO_BUFFERING,
NULL);
if(FloopyDisk==INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
printf("INVALID_HANDLE_VALVE!\n");
if(GetLastError()==ERROR_ALREADY_EXISTS)
printf("Can not Open Disk!%d\n",GetLastError());
if (!DeviceIoControl(FloopyDisk,IOCTL_DISK_GET_DRIVE_GEOMETRY,
NULL,
0,
&disk_info,
50,
&ReturnSize,
(LPOVERLAPPED)NULL))
printf("Open Disk Error!%d\n", GetLastError());
printf("Disk Information:\n");
printf("\tBytesPerSector:%d\n",disk_info.BytesPerSector);
printf("\tSectorPerTrack:%d\n",disk_info.SectorsPerTrack);
printf("\tTrackPerCylinder:%d\n",disk_info.TracksPerCylinder);
printf("\tCylinder: %d\n", disk_info.Cylinders);
Sector= disk_info. Cylinders.QuadPart* disk_info. TracksPerCylinder* disk_info. SectorsPerTrack;
printf("\tThere is %d Sectors!\n", Sector);
DiskSize=Sector*disk_info. BytesPerSector;
printf("\tSize of Disk: %4.2fMB\n",(DiskSize)/(1024*1024));
return FloopyDisk;
}
BOOL SectorRead(HANDLE Handle)
{
char ReadBuffer[1024*16];
DWORD SectorNumber;
DWORD BytestoRead;
DWORD Sector;
DWORD rc;
int i;
if (Handle==NULL)
{
printf ("There is No disk!\n");
return FALSE;
}
printf ("Please Input the Sector Number to Read From:\n");
scanf("%d",&SectorNumber);
printf ("\n");
Sector =disk_info.Cylinders.QuadPart*
disk_info.TracksPerCylinder*
disk_info.SectorsPerTrack;
if (SectorNumber>Sector)
printf("There is not this Sector !");
printf("Content:\n");
BytestoRead=SectorNumber*(disk_info.BytesPerSector);
rc=SetFilePointer(Handle,BytestoRead,NULL,FILE_BEGIN);
if (!ReadFile(Handle,ReadBuffer,BytestoRead,&BytestoRead,NULL))
{
printf("Read File Error:%d\n",GetLastError());
return FALSE;
}
printf("\t Text Content:\n");
for (i=0;i<512;i++)
{
printf("%c",ReadBuffer[i]);
}
printf("\n");
printf("\t Hex Text Content: \n");
for (i=0;i<512;i++)
{
printf("%x",ReadBuffer[i]);
printf(" ");
}
printf("\n");
return TRUE;
}
四、实验结果与总结
在实验中,应用程序首先显示软盘的信息。
Disk Information:
BytestPerSector:512
SectorPerTrack:18
TrackPerCylinder:2
Cylinder:80
There is 2880 Sectors!
Size of Disk:1.41 KB
然后提示用户进行选择“Please Select Read Or Write! Input ‘R’ to read,’W’ to Write,’Q’ to quit!”当用户输入W表示要写软盘后,应用程序提示用户“Please Input the Select Number to Write to :”输入要写的磁道号,当用户输入4表示要写第4道后,应用程序提示用户“Please Input the Content to Write to Disk A::”输入要写入的第4道的内容,当用户输入要写入的内容后,应用程序提示“Write Complete!”表示写操作完成。
接着,应用程序继续提示用户进行选择“Please Select Read or Write ! Input ‘R’ to read ,’W’ to Write,’Q’ to quit!”当用户输入R表示要读软盘后,应用程序提示用户“Please input the Sector Number to Read to:”输入要读的磁盘号,当用户输入4表示要读第4个道的内容,应用程序显示“Content:”后分别以字符形式和十六进制形式显示软盘上第4道的内容。